Najaf: Difference between revisions

* [[Sayyid Abu l-Qasim Khoei]]

* [[Masjid al-Hannana]]: It is narrated that the site of this mosque lamented for the Ahl al-Bayt (a) two times: when the coffin of Imam 'Ali (a) was being carried and after the incident of Karbala. That is why it has been given the name Hannana ("The Lamenting").

* [[Masjid al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]: At beginning it was his house. He made this will to bury him in this place and turn it into a mosque. Nowadays this mosque is very well-known in Najaf. It is located in "al-Mishraq" neighborhood on the north of the holy shrine of Imam Ali (a).

* [[Masjid al-Hindi]]: It is one of the biggest mosques in Najaf. It was reconstructed in [[1323]]/1905-1906, and has a strong and solid construction. Mourning sessions of [[Muharram]] are held in this mosque every year. [[Al-Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim|Al-'Allama al-Sayyid Muhsin al-Hakim]] developed its building in the current century.

* [[Masjid al-Shaykh al-Ansari]]: This mosque is located in "al-Huwaysh" neighborhood and was built by support and under supervision of [[al-Shaykh al-Ansari]].<ref>[http://hawzahnews.com/detail/News/345990 ''Khāna Ābād Shaykh Anṣārī dar Najaf'']</ref> Some elites and scholars of [[Hawzat al-'Ilmiyya of Najaf]] held their teaching sessions in this mosque. [[Al-Sayyid Muhammad Kazim al-Yazdi]], the great scholar in Qajar era, and [[Imam Khomeini]] held their lectures in this mosque.

* Masjid al-Shaykh al-Turayhi: This mosque is attributed to [[Al-Muhaqqiq al-Karaki]], a great scholar of [[Safavid]] era. It was reconstructed in 1376/1956-1957.

* Masjid 'Imran b. Shahin: This mosque is one of the oldest mosques in Najaf and is attributed to 'Imran b. Shahin, a ruler of Buyid dynasty in 4th/10th century. It is located at the entrance of the holy shrine of Imam Ali (a) at Bab al-Tusi.

* [[Masjid al-Khadra']]: It is located on the east of the courtyard of the holy shrine of Imam Ali (a). It is the mosque where [[Ayatollah Khoei]] held his teaching sessions. This mosque is very old and attributed to Ali b. Muzaffar. It was reconstructed by Shaykh Ahmad Ansari Qummi in 1380/1960-1961.

==Schools==

* Madrasat Miqdad al-Suywuri: built in the second half of 9th/15th century, is one of the very old and famous schools in Najaf.

* Madrasat Mulla 'Abd Allah: built in the second half of the 10th/16th century by Mulla 'Abd Allah al-Yazdi who was a great scholar and "[[Naqib]]" of Najaf.

* Madrast al-Sahn al-Sharif: also known as Madrast al-Gharawiyya is built by Shah 'Abbas Safavi on the north of the courtyard of Imam Ali's holy shrine. It was used as a school until the 14th/20th century; but after that, as the cleric students left the school, it was used as a place for storing and keeping the properties of the holy shrine of Imam Ali (a). Therefore, its name was changed to "Dar al-Diyafa."

* Madrasat al-Sadr: is one of the biggest and most extensive schools in Najaf. It is located in "al-Suq al-Kabir" (big bazaar) which leads to the holy shrine of Imam Ali (a).

* Madrasat al-Mu'tamid: also known as Madrasat al-Shaykh Muhammad Husayn Kashif al-Ghita', the school is situated in al-'Imara neighborhood. It was built by a Qajar vizier named Mu'tamid al-Dawla with the support and help of Shaykh Musa Kashif al-Ghita' the son of 'Allama [[Shaykh Ja'far Kashif al-Ghita']].

* Madrasat al-Mahdiyya: also known as Madrasat al-Shaykh Mahdi), the school is located in "al-Mishraq" neighborhood, across from the tombs of [[al-Sayyid Mahdi Bahr al-'Ulum]] and [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]], next to Madrasat al-Qawam.

* Madrasat al-Qawam: built in [[1300]]/1882-1883, is a big and famous school which is also known as Madrasat al-Fathiyya.

* Madrasat al-Irawani: built in [[1307]]/1889-1890, the school was destroyed during Sadam's rule.

* Madrasat Mirza Hasan Shirazi: This small school is built next to Bab al-Tusi.

* Madrasat Mirza Husayn Khalili: It was a big school located in al-'Imara neighborhood. It was destroyed by Ba'ath regime in [[1367]]/1947-1948 and its properties and endowments were confiscated.

* Madrasat al-Bukhari: It was built by al-Shaykh Kazim al-Bukhari. It is located in "al-Huwaysh" neighborhood next to Madrasat Akhund Khurasani.

* Madrasat Sharabyani: It is one the famous schools in Najaf. It is located in "al-Huwaysh" neighborhood.

* Madrasat Akhud Khurasani (the greater): It is a very extensive school located in "al-Huwaysh" neighborhood.

* Madrasat Akhud Khurasani: built in [[1328]]/1910, is located in al-Buraq neighborhood.

* Madrasat al-Qazwini: This school is located in al-'Imara neighborhood near Masjid al-Hindi. It was built in [[1324]]/1906-1907 and reconstructed in [[1384]]/1964-1965. In 1441/1991 uprising in Iraq (al-Intifadat al-Sha'baniyya) Ba'ath forces exploded the school by dynamite and set its library on fire.

* Madrasat Badkubi'i: This school is located in al-Mishraq neighborhood.

* Madrasat al-Sayyid Kazim al-Yazdi: It is one of the best, most famous and extensive schools in Najaf. This school is located in "al-Huwaysh" neighborhood.

* Madrasat al-Hindi: built in [[1328]]/1910, is located in al-Mishraq neighborhood.

* Madrasat Sayyid 'Abd Allah Shirazi: built in [[1372]]/1952-1953.

* Madrasat Burujirdi: This school was built by [[Ayatollah Burujirdi]]'s order and superintendence of Shaykh Nasr Allah Khalkhali. This school is located in al-Buraq neighborhood.

* Madrasat Dar al-Hikma: This school was built by [[Ayatollah al-Hakim]]'s order. Ba'ath forces destroyed this school after the 1991 uprising in Iraq (al-Intifadat al-Sha'baniyya). However, it was rebuilt after Saddam and reopened in 1392 Sh/2013.

* Madrasat Dar al-'Ilm: This school was built by Ayatollah Kho'i's order. Ba'ath forces destroyed this school after the 1991 uprising in Iraq (al-Intifadat al-Sha'baniyya).

* Madrasat al-'Allama al-Balaghi: This school was built by [[Ayatollah Sistani]]'s order.

* Madrasat al-Jami'at al-Najaf al-Diniyya (religious university of Najaf): This school is located in "al-Sa'd" neighborhood on Kufa-Najaf route. Al-Sayyid Muhammad al-Kalantar founded this scholarly institute. Having a precisely scheduled curriculum is one of the most important features of this school. Currently, it is the biggest and the most important religious school in Najaf.

==Libraries==

* Maktabat al-'Alawi ('Alawi library): It is also called "al-Haydariyya", "al-Khizanat al-Gharawiyya", and "Maktabat al-Sahn." It was founded in 4th/10th century or earlier. 'Adud al-Dawla al-Daylami played an important role in foundation and development of this library. In [[755]]/1345-1355 the library caught fire; many books including a handwritten 3-volume Qur'an by Imam Ali (a) burned away. However, by the effort of the scholars, the library was revived again. But afterward, due to inattention, the library lost its importance and many of its books were lost or damaged. Nowadays, except for very few books, nothing has remained from that precious repository.

* Maktabat al-Imam Imam 'Ali (a): was founded by the effort of [['Allama Amini]] and was opened on [[Eid al-Ghadir]] [[1373]]/1954. It is one of the richest and most reliable libraries in Najaf.

* Maktabat Ayatollah al-Hakim.

* Maktabat Husayniyyat al-Shushtariyyn: This library is one of the oldest libraries in Najaf. It was founded by Hajj Mirza Ali Muhammad Najaf Abadi in the late 13th/20th century.

* Maktabat al-Shaykh Aqa Buzurg al-Tihrani: During several years of research about Shi'a authors and their books, [[Aqa Buzurg Tihrani]] gathered many valuable books from all over the world, especially from [[Iran]] and [[Egypt]], in his personal library. In 1375/1955-1956 he endowed ([[Waqf]]) all his books to public. There were about 5000 volumes including 100 rare manuscripts.

* Maktabat Madrasat al-Sadr: This library was founded in the early 13th/19th century by Muhammad Husayn Khan Sadr. It was one of the most famous libraries in Najaf at that time; but due to inattentions many of its books disappeared. Nowadays, this library is not noteworthy.

* Maktabat al-Imam al-Hasan (a): This library, which has a beautiful building, is located at the end of "Shari' al-Rasul". It was founded by al-Shaykh Baqir al-Sharif al-Qurashi.

Other important libraries in Najaf are: Maktabat al-'Allama Shyakh Muhammad Husayn Kashif al-Ghita', Maktabat Madrasat al-Qawam, Maktabat Madrasat Akhund Khurasani, Maktabat Madrasat al-Khalili, Maktabat Madrasat Sayyid Muhammad Kazim Yazdi and Maktabat Ayatollah Burujirdi.

====Old Neighborhoods====

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