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Talha b. 'Ubayd Allah: Difference between revisions
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<onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{section|editorial box}}}|editorial box|{{Editorial Box | <onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{section|editorial box}}}|editorial box|{{Editorial Box | ||
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| links = | | links = done | ||
| photo = | | photo = | ||
| categories = | | categories = done | ||
| infobox = | | infobox = done | ||
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| Lineage = Banu Taym | | Lineage = Banu Taym | ||
| Well-known relatives = | | Well-known relatives = | ||
| Birth = 10 years before [[Bi'tha]] | | Birth = 10 years before [[Bi'tha]]/600-1 | ||
| Place of Birth = | | Place of Birth = | ||
| Muhajir/Ansar = [[Muhajir]] | | Muhajir/Ansar = [[Muhajir]] | ||
| Place of Residence = [[Mecca]], [[Medina]] | | Place of Residence = [[Mecca]], [[Medina]] | ||
| Death/Martyrdom = [[36]]/656 | | Death/Martyrdom = [[36]]/656 | ||
| Cause of death/martyrdom =He was killed in [[Battle of Jamal]] | | Cause of death/martyrdom = He was killed in [[Battle of Jamal]] | ||
| Burial place =[[Basra]] | | Burial place =[[Basra]] | ||
| Converting to Islam = | | Converting to Islam = form the first Muslims | ||
| Cause of converting to Islam = | | Cause of converting to Islam = | ||
| Presence at [[ghazwas]] = | | Presence at [[ghazwas]] = most of ghazwas | ||
| Migration to = [[Medina]] | | Migration to = [[Medina]] | ||
| Known for = | | Known for = | ||
| Notable roles = | | Notable roles = | ||
| Other activities =Participating in killing [[Uthamn]], [[Battle of Jamal]], ... | | Other activities =One of the [[Six-Members Council]], Participating in killing [[Uthamn]], one of the heads in the [[Battle of Jamal]] against [[Imam Ali (a)]], ... | ||
| Works = | | Works = | ||
}} | }} | ||
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|source=33:53}}{{enote|{{ia|وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّـهِ وَلَا أَن تَنكِحُوا أَزْوَاجَهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ أَبَدًا ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكُمْ كَانَ عِندَ اللَّـهِ عَظِيمًا}}}} | |source=33:53}}{{enote|{{ia|وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّـهِ وَلَا أَن تَنكِحُوا أَزْوَاجَهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ أَبَدًا ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكُمْ كَانَ عِندَ اللَّـهِ عَظِيمًا}}}} | ||
== | ==Period of the Caliphs== | ||
Talha b. 'Ubayd Allah was one of the first people who joined the First [[Caliph]], [[Abu Bakr]], in the battle against the apostates. And when Abu Bakr died, Talha, [['Umar b. Khattab]], [['Uthman b. 'Affan]] and [['Abd al-Rahman b. Abu Bakr]] entered Abu Bakr's grave before he was buried in it; they buried him beside [[ | Talha b. 'Ubayd Allah was one of the first people who joined the First [[Caliph]], [[Abu Bakr]], in the battle against the apostates. And when Abu Bakr died, Talha, [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], [['Uthman b. 'Affan]] and [['Abd al-Rahman b. Abu Bakr]] entered Abu Bakr's grave before he was buried in it; they buried him beside the [[Prophet (s)]]'s grave. | ||
In some cases, Talha reproached Abu Bakr for his giving too much role to 'Umar b. Khattb in his administration, and he was among those who objected to Abu Bakr when he announced 'Umar b. Khattab as his successor. | In some cases, Talha reproached Abu Bakr for his giving too much role to 'Umar b. al-Khattb in his administration, and he was among those who objected to Abu Bakr when he announced 'Umar b. al-Khattab as his successor. | ||
Talha attended some Islamic conquests, including the [[Conquest of Iran]] alongside [['Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf]] and [[Zubayr b. ' | Talha attended some Islamic conquests, including the [[Conquest of Iran]] alongside [['Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf]] and [[al-Zubayr b. 'Awwam]] during the [[caliphate]] of 'Umar b. al-Khattab. He also advised 'Umar in some of his conquests. | ||
==The Six-Member Council for the election of the Third Caliph== | ===The Six-Member Council for the election of the Third Caliph=== | ||
{{main|Six-Member Council}} | {{main|Six-Member Council}} | ||
Along with [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], [['Uthman b. 'Affan]], [[Zubayr . ' | Along with [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], [['Uthman b. 'Affan]], [[al-Zubayr . 'Awwam]], [['Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf]], and [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]], Talha was appointed in the [[Six-Member Council]] for the election of the Third Caliph. On some accounts, he was then outside of [[Medina]], but when he returned, he voted for 'Uthman. It is said that he returned to Medina when 'Umar died and he pledged his allegiance with 'Uthman. | ||
==Complicity in 'Uthman's murder== | ===Complicity in 'Uthman's murder=== | ||
Talha was one of the protestors who sieged 'Uthman's house in [[35]]/655 and locked out water supplies to the house. When [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] learned that water supplies were blocked, he got upset; he talked to the protestors and then they allowed some waterskins to be taken to 'Uthman's house. During the siege, Talha undertook the leadership of [[congregational prayers]] in [[Medina]]. | Talha was one of the protestors who sieged 'Uthman's house in [[35]]/655 and locked out water supplies to the house. When [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] learned that water supplies were blocked, he got upset; he talked to the protestors and then they allowed some waterskins to be taken to 'Uthman's house. During the siege, Talha undertook the leadership of [[congregational prayers]] in [[Medina]]. | ||
According to a report by Ibn A'tham, Talha and a man from Banu Taym sieged 'Uthman's house. 'Uthman asked Imam 'Ali (a) for help. After Imam 'Ali (a)'s intervention, Talha and his friends withdrew the siege. However, he was accused of complicity in the murder of the Third Caliph. | According to a report by Ibn A'tham, Talha and a man from Banu Taym sieged 'Uthman's house. 'Uthman asked Imam 'Ali (a) for help. After Imam 'Ali (a)'s intervention, Talha and his friends withdrew the siege. However, he was accused of complicity in the murder of the Third Caliph. | ||
==Breaching the | ===Breaching the Pledge of Allegiance and the Battle of Jamal=== | ||
Talha was the first person who pledged allegiance to [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] after the murder of 'Uthman, and since his hand was paralyzed, a man from [[Banu Asad]] said that his allegiance is ominous. Soon Talha breached his allegiance, departing to [[Basra]] in order to form an army against Imam 'Ali (a) with the help of [[Zubayr b. ' | {{main|Battle of Jamal}} | ||
Talha was the first person who pledged allegiance to [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] after the murder of 'Uthman, and since his hand was paralyzed, a man from [[Banu Asad]] said that his allegiance is ominous. Soon Talha breached his allegiance, departing to [[Basra]] in order to form an army against Imam 'Ali (a) with the help of [[al-Zubayr b. 'Awwam]] and [[Aisha]]. | |||
Thus Talha, Zubayr and | Thus Talha, al-Zubayr and Aisha launched the [[Battle of Jamal]] against Imam 'Ali (a) in [[36]]/656. | ||
It is said that when Talha and Zubayr entered Basra, 'Abd Allah b. Hakim al-Tamimi took to them the writings of Talha concerning the mobilization of forces against 'Uthman. | It is said that when Talha and al-Zubayr entered Basra, 'Abd Allah b. Hakim al-Tamimi took to them the writings of Talha concerning the mobilization of forces against 'Uthman. | ||
In this battle, Imam 'Ali (a) characterized Talha as a cheater, and characterized him, Zubayr, | In this battle, Imam 'Ali (a) characterized Talha as a cheater, and characterized him, al-Zubayr, Aisha and Ya'la b. Munya, as the most recalcitrant of his enemies. | ||
At the beginning of the battle, [[Marwan b. Hakam]] stated that he would no more avenge for 'Uthman's blood. At the beginning or in the middle of the battle when soldiers in the army of Jamal were running away, Marwan threw an arrow to Talha b. 'Ubayd Allah's knee that led to his death. Talha was buried near a river in Basra. He was reportedly 64 or 63 when he was killed. | At the beginning of the battle, [[Marwan b. al-Hakam]] stated that he would no more avenge for 'Uthman's blood. At the beginning or in the middle of the battle when soldiers in the army of Jamal were running away, Marwan threw an arrow to Talha b. 'Ubayd Allah's knee that led to his death. Talha was buried near a river in Basra. He was reportedly 64 or 63 when he was killed. | ||
==Talha's | ==Talha's Heritage== | ||
When Talha died, he left behind a remarkable wealth. His cereals were worth about 400,000 to 500,000 [[dirham]]s and his daily income from his cereals in [[Iraq]] was about 1000 dirhams. Moreover, his cereals in Surat were worth around 10,000 [[dinar]]s. it is also reported that his property, livestock, and cash (that is, dirhams and dinars) were worth 30,000,000 dirhams, 2,200,000 dirhams of which were in cash and the rest were property and livestock. It is also reported that when Talha was killed, his treasurer had 2,200,000 dirhams in cash, and his palms groves and other property were evaluated to be about 30,000,000 dirhams. On another account, he also left a hundred oxhides each filled with 300 pounds of gold. | When Talha died, he left behind a remarkable wealth. His cereals were worth about 400,000 to 500,000 [[dirham]]s and his daily income from his cereals in [[Iraq]] was about 1000 dirhams. Moreover, his cereals in Surat were worth around 10,000 [[dinar]]s. it is also reported that his property, livestock, and cash (that is, dirhams and dinars) were worth 30,000,000 dirhams, 2,200,000 dirhams of which were in cash and the rest were property and livestock. It is also reported that when Talha was killed, his treasurer had 2,200,000 dirhams in cash, and his palms groves and other property were evaluated to be about 30,000,000 dirhams. On another account, he also left a hundred oxhides each filled with 300 pounds of gold. | ||
==His | ==His Place for Sunni Muslims== | ||
Talha is highly venerated by [[Sunni]] Muslims. They consider him as one of "'Ashara Mubashshara" (ten people to whom the Prophet (s) gave the good news of going to the Heaven). They also characterize him as "Talha al-Khayr" (Talha, the good), "Talha Fayyad" (Talha, the beneficent) and one of the 20 [[Sahaba]] who could issue [[fatwa]]s | Talha is highly venerated by [[Sunni]] Muslims. They consider him as one of "'Ashara Mubashshara" (ten people to whom the Prophet (s) gave the good news of going to the Heaven). They also characterize him as "Talha al-Khayr" (Talha, the good), "Talha Fayyad" (Talha, the beneficent) and one of the 20 [[Sahaba]] who could issue [[fatwa]]s. He is also a prominent narrator of [[hadiths]] from the [[Prophet (s)]] from whom people such as his sons (Yahya and Musa), Qays b. Abu Hazim, [[Abu Salama b. 'Abd al-Rahman]] and Malik b. Abu 'Amir narrated hadiths. Sunni Muslims take Talha to be among the Twelve Disciples of the Prophet (s) along with [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]], [[Ja'far b. Abi Talib]], [['Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]], [[Abu Bakr]], [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], [[Abu 'Ubayda al-Jarrah]], [['Uthman b. 'Affan]], [['Uthman b. Maz'un]], [['Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf]], [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]], and [[al-Zubayr b. 'Awwam]]. | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
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== References == | == References == | ||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/طلحة_بن_عبیدالله | * The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/طلحة_بن_عبیدالله {{ia|طلحة بن عبیدالله}}] in Farsi Wikishia. | ||
{{template:the Prophet (s)}} | {{template:the Prophet (s)}} | ||