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{{Infobox book | {{Infobox book | ||
| name = Al-ʾIstibṣār fī mā | | name = Al-ʾIstibṣār fī mā ukhtulifa min al-ʾakhbār | ||
| image = Al-Istibsar.jpg | | image = Al-Istibsar.jpg | ||
| image_size = 250 | | image_size = 250 | ||
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}} | }} | ||
'''''Al-ʾIstibṣār fī mā | '''''Al-ʾIstibṣār fī mā ukhtulifa min al-ʾakhbār''''' (Arabic: الاستبصار فی ما اختلف من الاخبار) is the fourth book of [[the Four Books]]. It is a [[hadith]] collection compiled by [[Al-Shaykh al-Tusi|Abu Ja'far Muhammad b. Hasan al-Tusi]] (d. [[460]]/1067 ) known as al-Shaykh al-ṭaʾifa. | ||
== Content == | == Content == | ||
This book contains [[jurisprudence|jurisprudential]] hadiths and it is more concise than ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'' . The order of the chapters in ''Al-Istibsar'' are so that the first two parts (part one and two) are dedicated to issues regarding worship (except Jihad) and the last part (part three) is about other jurisprudential issues such as contracts, unilateral obligations, fixed punishments and financial compensations. | This book contains [[jurisprudence|jurisprudential]] hadiths and it is more concise than ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'' . The order of the chapters in ''Al-Istibsar'' are so that the first two parts (part one and two) are dedicated to issues regarding worship (except [[Jihad]]) and the last part (part three) is about other jurisprudential issues such as contracts, unilateral obligations, fixed punishments and financial compensations. | ||
According to statistics that the author has given about the hadiths recorded in ''Al-Istibsar'' , they are 5511 hadiths while in a researched publication of the book, the number of hadiths are 5558 and this difference might be due to the way of counting some special hadiths. | According to statistics that the author has given about the hadiths recorded in ''Al-Istibsar'' , they are 5511 hadiths while in a researched publication of the book, the number of hadiths are 5558 and this difference might be due to the way of counting some special hadiths. | ||
In the first two parts, al-Shaykh al-Tusi has recorded almost all hadiths with their references, but in the last part, the references are mentioned in a brief way and similar to the style of ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'' and more like the style of Ibn | In the first two parts, [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] has recorded almost all hadiths with their references, but in the last part, the references are mentioned in a brief way and similar to the style of ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'' and more like the style of [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq|Ibn Babawayh]] in ''[[Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih (book)|Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' the references of hadiths to [[Al-Usul al-arba'ami'a|hadiths Usul]] [original references] are mentioned at the end of the work. | ||
== Purpose of Compilation == | == Purpose of Compilation == | ||
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== Position == | == Position == | ||
This book is among the most authentic Shia hadith books and every faqih or Mujtahid needs to refer to it when judging about rulings. | This book is among the most authentic Shia hadith books and every faqih or [[Mujtahid]] needs to refer to it when judging about rulings. | ||
''Al-Istibsar'' is one of the [[Four Books]] and at the same level with [[al-Shaykh al-Kulayni]]'s ''[[Al-Kafi (book)|Al-Kafi]]'' , [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]]'s ''Man la yahduruh al-faqih'' and al-Shaykh al-Tusi's another book, ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'' which was written previous to ''Al-Istibsar'' . | ''Al-Istibsar'' is one of the [[Four Books]] and at the same level with [[al-Shaykh al-Kulayni]]'s ''[[Al-Kafi (book)|Al-Kafi]]'' , [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]]'s ''Man la yahduruh al-faqih'' and al-Shaykh al-Tusi's another book, ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'' which was written previous to ''Al-Istibsar'' . | ||
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Compiling works as commentary, gloss or marginal notes on ''Al-Istibsar'' can be seen particularly since late 10th/16th century, among the most important ones of which are the following: | Compiling works as commentary, gloss or marginal notes on ''Al-Istibsar'' can be seen particularly since late 10th/16th century, among the most important ones of which are the following: | ||
* Marginal notes written by [[Muhammad b. Ali b. Husayn 'Amili]], author of ''Madarik al-ahkam'' (d. 1009/1600-1601) which is kept together with the text of ''Al-Istibsar'' in [[Rawdati]] copy. | * Marginal notes written by [[Muhammad b. Ali b. Husayn al-'Amili]], author of ''[[Madarik al-ahkam (book)|Madarik al-ahkam]]'' (d. [[1009]]/1600-1601) which is kept together with the text of ''Al-Istibsar'' in [[Rawdati]] copy. | ||
* Marginal notes written by [[Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili]], author of ''[[Ma'alim al-Din (book)|Ma'alim al-Din]] (d. 1011/1602-1603). Availability of this marginal notes is reported by Afandi in ''[[Riyad al-'Ulama]]''. | * Marginal notes written by [[Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili]], author of ''[[Ma'alim al-Din (book)|Ma'alim al-Din]] (d. [[1011]]/1602-1603). Availability of this marginal notes is reported by [['Abd Allah b. 'Isa al-Afandi|Afandi]] in ''[[Riyad al-'Ulama]]''. | ||
* Marginal notes written by [[Muhammad b. Ali b. Ibrahim | * Marginal notes written by [[Muhammad b. Ali b. Ibrahim al-Istarabadi]], author of ''[[Minhaj al-maqal]]'' (d. [[1028]]/1618-1619), different copies of which have been seen in [[Najaf]] and [[Mashhad]]. | ||
* ''Istiqsa' al-i'tibar'' which is a commentary written by Abu Ja'far Muhammad b. Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili (d. 1030/1620-1621) and Aqa Buzurg Tihrani has reported some copies of it. | * ''Istiqsa' al-i'tibar'' which is a commentary written by [[Abu Ja'far Muhammad b. Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili]] (d. [[1030]]/1620-1621) and Aqa Buzurg Tihrani has reported some copies of it. | ||
* ''Manahij al-akhbar'' which is a commentary written by Kamal al-Din (or Nizam al-Din) Ahmad b. Zayn al-'Abidin 'Amili. | * ''Manahij al-akhbar'' which is a commentary written by Kamal al-Din (or Nizam al-Din) Ahmad b. Zayn al-'Abidin al-'Amili. | ||
* A commentary written by Mulla Muhammad Amin | * A commentary written by [[Mulla Muhammad Amin al-Istarabadi]] (d. [[1036]]/1626-1627) | ||
* A gloss written by | * A gloss written by Mir Muhammad Baqir al-Istarabadi, known as [[Mirdamad]] (d. [[1040]] or 1041/1630-1631) which has been sometimes referred to as a commentary. There are several copies of it in Sepahsalar Library in [[Tehran]] and Chester Beatty Library in Dublin. | ||
* ''Jami' al-akhbar fi idah al-istibsar'' which is a commentary written by Shaykh 'Abd al-Latif b. Ali b. Ahmad b. Abi Jami' Harithi (d. 1050/1640-1641), a pupil of [[Shaykh Baha'i]]. | * ''Jami' al-akhbar fi idah al-istibsar'' which is a commentary written by al-Shaykh 'Abd al-Latif b. Ali b. Ahmad b. Abi Jami' al-Harithi (d. [[1050]]/1640-1641), a pupil of [[Shaykh Baha'i]]. | ||
* ''Kashf al-asrar fi sharh al-istibsar'' which is a commentary on ''Al-Istibsar'' written by [[Sayyid Ni'mat Allah Jaza'iri]] (d. 1112/1700) and several manuscripts of it have been mentioned by Aqa Buzurg Tihrani. | * ''Kashf al-asrar fi sharh al-istibsar'' which is a commentary on ''Al-Istibsar'' written by [[al-Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri]] (d. [[1112]]/1700) and several manuscripts of it have been mentioned by Aqa Buzurg Tihrani. | ||
* ''Nukat al-irshad | * ''Nukat al-irshad'' written by [[al-Shahid al-Awwal]] Muhammad b. Makki. | ||
* ''Sharh al-Istibsar'' written by Sayyid Mirza Hasan b. 'Abd al-Rasul Husayni | * ''Sharh al-Istibsar'' written by Sayyid Mirza Hasan b. 'Abd al-Rasul Husayni Zunnuzi | ||
* ''Sharh al-Istibsar'' written by Amir Muhammad b. Amir 'Abd al-Wasi' Khatunabadi, [[al-'Allama al-Majlisi]]'s son-in-law. | * ''Sharh al-Istibsar'' written by Amir Muhammad b. Amir 'Abd al-Wasi' Khatunabadi, [[al-'Allama al-Majlisi]]'s son-in-law. | ||
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* ''[[Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih (book)|Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' | * ''[[Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih (book)|Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' | ||
* ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam (book)|Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'' | * ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam (book)|Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'' | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
* The material for writing this article has been mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/ | * The material for writing this article has been mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/الاستبصار_فی_ما_اختلف_من_الاخبار_(کتاب) الاستبصار فی ما اختلف من الاخبار] in Farsi wikishia. | ||
{{Hadith Sources}} | {{Hadith Sources}} | ||