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Al-Istibsar (book): Difference between revisions

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== Content ==
== Content ==
This book contains jurisprudential hadiths and it is more concise than ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]''. The order of the chapters in ''al-Istibsar'' is so that the first two parts are dedicated to issues regarding worship (except [[Jihad]]) and the last part (part three) is about other jurisprudential issues such as contracts, unilateral obligations, fixed punishments and financial compensations.
This book contains jurisprudential hadiths and is more concise than ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]''. The order of the chapters in ''al-Istibsar'' is so that the first two parts are dedicated to issues regarding worship (except [[Jihad]]) and the last part (part three) is about other jurisprudential issues such as contracts, unilateral obligations, fixed punishments, and financial compensations.


According to statistics that the author has given about the hadiths recorded in ''al-Istibsar'', they are 5511 hadiths,<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Istibṣār'', vol. 4, p. 343.</ref> while in a researched publication of the book, the number of hadiths are 5558 and this difference might be due to the way of counting some special hadiths.<ref>Group of authors, "al-Istibṣār," p. 161.</ref>
According to statistics that the author has given about the hadiths recorded in ''al-Istibsar'', they are 5511 hadiths,<ref>Ṭūsī, ''al-Istibṣār'', vol. 4, p. 343.</ref> while in a researched publication of the book, the number of hadiths is 5558 and this difference might be due to the way of counting some special hadiths.<ref>Group of authors, "al-Istibṣār," p. 161.</ref>


In the first two parts, [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] has recorded almost all hadiths with their references, but in the last part, the references are mentioned in a brief way and similar to the style of ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'' and more similar to the style of [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] in ''[[Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih (book)|Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' the references of hadiths to [[al-Usul al-arba'ami'a|hadiths Usul]] [original references] are mentioned at the end of the work.<ref>Dānishpazhūh, ''Nashrīya-yi kitābkhāna'', vol. 3, p. 1086-1087.</ref>
In the first two parts, [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] has recorded almost all hadiths with their references. Still, in the last part, the references are mentioned in a brief way and similar to the style of ''Tahdhib al-ahkam'' and more similar to the style of [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] in ''[[Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih (book)|Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' the references of hadiths to [[al-Usul al-arba'ami'a|hadiths Usul]] [original references] are mentioned at the end of the work.<ref>Dānishpazhūh, ''Nashrīya-yi kitābkhāna'', vol. 3, p. 1086-1087.</ref>
{{The most important hadith books for the Shia and Sunni}}
{{The most important hadith books for the Shia and Sunni}}
== Purpose of Compilation ==
== Purpose of Compilation ==
Some scholars and students of al-Shaykh al-Tusi asked him to write a book in which he collects conflicting hadiths, analyzes them and marks the correct and incorrect ones. In this book, al-Shaykh al-Tusi first brought authentic and correct hadiths and then has mentioned conflicting ones and has tried not to miss one and finally has tried to reach a conclusion after discussing the two kinds of hadiths.
Some scholars and students of al-Shaykh al-Tusi asked him to write a book where he collects conflicting hadiths, analyzes them, and marks the correct and incorrect ones. In this book, al-Shaykh al-Tusi first brought authentic and correct hadiths and then has mentioned conflicting ones and has tried not to miss one and finally has tried to reach a conclusion after discussing the two kinds of hadiths.


== Manner of Compilation ==
== Manner of Compilation ==
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== Attributes ==
== Attributes ==
This is the first book which has been published to make an agreement between conflicting hadiths.
This is the first book that has been published to make an agreement between conflicting hadiths.


In addition to its great credit, ''al-Istibsar'' has a very good coverage so that [[Ibn Tawus]] says, "If there is any disagreement about an issue, it must have been mentioned in ''al-Istibsar''."
In addition to its great credit, ''al-Istibsar'' has excellent coverage so that [[Ibn Tawus]] says, "If there is any disagreement about an issue, it must have been mentioned in ''al-Istibsar''."


At the beginning of every chapter, first the authentic or reliable hadith(s) are mentioned and then other hadiths are listed.
At the beginning of every chapter, first, the authentic or reliable hadith(s) are mentioned and then other hadiths are listed.


== Position ==
== Position ==
This book is among the most authentic [[Shia]] hadith books and every [[faqih]] or [[Mujtahid]] needs to refer to it when judging about rulings.
This book is among the most authentic [[Shia]] hadith books and every [[faqih]] or [[Mujtahid]] needs to refer to it when judging about rulings.


''Al-Istibsar'' is one of the [[Four Books]] and at the same level with [[al-Shaykh al-Kulayni]]'s ''[[al-Kafi (book)|Al-Kafi]]'' , [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]]'s ''[[Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' and al-Shaykh al-Tusi's another book, ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'' which was written previous to ''al-Istibsar''.
''Al-Istibsar'' is one of the [[Four Books]] and at the same level with [[al-Shaykh al-Kulayni]]'s ''[[al-Kafi (book)|Al-Kafi]]'', [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]]'s ''[[Man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'' and al-Shaykh al-Tusi's another book, ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'' which was written previous to ''al-Istibsar''.


Regarding the significance and value of ''al-Istibsar'', its name has always been in the list of references and Shia scholars and faqihs gave permission of narrating its hadiths to each other.
Regarding the significance and value of ''al-Istibsar'', its name has always been in the list of references and Shia scholars and faqihs gave permission of narrating its hadiths to each other.
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== Old Copies ==
== Old Copies ==
About old copies of ''al-Istibsar'', first the incomplete manuscript transcribed by [[Ja'far b. Ali Mashhadi]] must be mentioned that [[Aqa Buzurg Tihrani]]<ref>Āqā Buzurg, ''al-Dharīʿa'', vol. 2, p. 14-15.</ref> reports that was available in the library of [[Sayyid Hadi Kashif al-Ghita']] in [[Najaf]]. According to this report, the mentioned copy has been compared with the handwriting of al-Shaykh al-Tusi and the job has finished in 573/1177-1178.
About old copies of ''al-Istibsar'', first, the incomplete manuscript transcribed by [[Ja'far b. Ali Mashhadi]] must be mentioned that [[Aqa Buzurg Tihrani]]<ref>Āqā Buzurg, ''al-Dharīʿa'', vol. 2, p. 14-15.</ref> reports that was available in the library of [[Sayyid Hadi Kashif al-Ghita']] in [[Najaf]]. According to this report, the mentioned copy has been compared with the handwriting of al-Shaykh al-Tusi and the job has finished in 573/1177-1178.


Then, a copy kept in [[Ayatollah Mar'ashi Najafi Library]] in [[Qom]] should be mentioned that has been transcribed in 8th/14th century.
Then, a copy kept in [[Ayatollah Mar'ashi Najafi Library]] in [[Qom]] should be mentioned that has been transcribed in the eighth/fourteenth century.


== Commentaries and Glosses ==
== Commentaries and Glosses ==
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