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→Influence of Shi'ism in Iraq (Kufa, Najaf and Hillah) on Iran
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Shi'ism among a number of Nomadic unions such as [[Banu Salama]] and [[Ta'i]] goes back to a long time ago. However Shi'ism is fresh among other nomadic tribes including Rabi'a, Khaz'al, Banu Tamim, Zubayd, Banu 'Umayr, al-Diwar, al-Dafafi'a. Iranian's visit to Holy shrines in Iraq as well as presence of clergymen in order for preaching and expanding Shi'ism led to the growth of Shi'a Muslims among nomadic tribes. Ibrahim al-Haydari al-Baghdadi (1882) in his book "Al-Majd" explained about Shi'ism among nomadic tribes in Iraq and differentiated between Sunni and Shi'a tribes there. | Shi'ism among a number of Nomadic unions such as [[Banu Salama]] and [[Ta'i]] goes back to a long time ago. However Shi'ism is fresh among other nomadic tribes including Rabi'a, Khaz'al, Banu Tamim, Zubayd, Banu 'Umayr, al-Diwar, al-Dafafi'a. Iranian's visit to Holy shrines in Iraq as well as presence of clergymen in order for preaching and expanding Shi'ism led to the growth of Shi'a Muslims among nomadic tribes. Ibrahim al-Haydari al-Baghdadi (1882) in his book "Al-Majd" explained about Shi'ism among nomadic tribes in Iraq and differentiated between Sunni and Shi'a tribes there. | ||
==Influence of Shi'ism in Iraq (Kufa, Najaf and Hillah) on Iran== | ==Influence of Shi'ism in Iraq (Kufa, Najaf, and Hillah) on Iran== | ||
The original Shi'ism was spread to Iran many times from Kufa, Najaf and Hillah: | The original Shi'ism was spread to Iran many times from Kufa, Najaf, and Hillah: | ||
1. The immigration of Ash'ariyyun to Qom: | 1. The immigration of Ash'ariyyun to Qom: | ||
[[Ash'ariyyun]] were members of a tribe from [[Yemen]] who immigrated to Iraq in order to support [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] in his conquests in Iraq. A large number of them were students and followers of [[Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] and later they converted to [[Shi'ism]]. After [[Umayyad]] rulers prosecuted Shi'a Muslims, they immigrated to [[Iran]] and settled in [[Qom]]. Ash'ariyyun maintained their Arabic identity for centuries. | [[Ash'ariyyun]] were members of a tribe from [[Yemen]] who immigrated to Iraq in order to support [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] in his conquests in Iraq. A large number of them were students and followers of [[Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]] and later they converted to [[Shi'ism]]. After [[Umayyad]] rulers prosecuted Shi'a Muslims, they immigrated to [[Iran]] and settled in [[Qom]]. Ash'ariyyun maintained their Arabic identity for centuries. | ||
2. Shi'ism spread to Iran from the school of Baghdad in the time of | 2. Shi'ism spread to Iran from the school of Baghdad in the time of al-Shaykh al-Tusi and his son, Abu Ali: | ||
[[ | [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] spend most of his life in Baghdad. But when his library was set on fire, he moved to [[Najaf]] and founded a seminary school there. Meanwhile a number of Iranian Shi'a Muslims immigrated to Iraq who were mainly from Qom, Rey, Sari, and Gorgan. They became students of al-Shaykh al-Tusi, [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], and [[al-Sayyid al-Murtada]] afterwards. | ||
3. Shi'ism spread to Iran from the School of Hillah: | 3. Shi'ism spread to Iran from the School of Hillah: | ||
The school of Hillah was managed by [[Ibn Idris]], [[Muhaqqiq al-Hilli]] and [[ | The school of Hillah was managed by [[Ibn Idris]], [[Muhaqqiq al-Hilli]], and [[al-'Allama al-Hilli]] which influenced Muslim world. A large number of Iranian students have studied there and the thoughts of Al-Allama al-Hilli were promoted in Iran for two centuries. Constant travels of clergymen between Iran and Hillah and occasional visits of al-Allama al-Hilli to Iran in the time of Sultan Muhammad Khudabande exerted a powerful influence over the promotion of Shi'ism in Iran. This scientific movement continued in the time of [[Fakhr al-Muhaqqiqin]]. | ||
4. The influence of seminary school of Najaf on Iran: | 4. The influence of seminary school of Najaf on Iran: | ||
Massive immigration of religious scholars of [[Jabal | Massive immigration of religious scholars of [[Jabal Amel]] to Iran had a great influence on this matter. A number of them settled in Iraq, and a number of them directly immigrated to Iran. Most of these religious scholars were invited to Iran by Safavid rulers including Shah Tahmasib in order to strengthen religious seminaries in Iran. They brought Shi'ite texts which enriched Shi'ism in Qazvin and Isfahan in [[Safavid]] era. [[Al-Muhaqqiq al-Karki]] was among the prominent figures of time. | ||
==Contemporary Situation of Shi'ism== | ==Contemporary Situation of Shi'ism== | ||