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Zaydiyya: Difference between revisions
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However, this current issued a declaration in which the necessity of establishing a Zaydi rule was regarded as belonging to the past and so revolting against the existing rule was declared to be impermissible. | However, this current issued a declaration in which the necessity of establishing a Zaydi rule was regarded as belonging to the past and so revolting against the existing rule was declared to be impermissible. | ||
==Revolutionary Current== | ===Revolutionary Current=== | ||
Among Zaydi religious authorities and scholars, there was a current inclined to the Jarudi Zaydis, who were close to the Imamiyya in matters of [[theology]] and [[jurisprudence]]. This current insisted on [[imamate]] as a fundamental Zaydi principle and preserved the revolutionary attitude of the Zaydiyya. Emphasizing on the principle of [[enjoining the good and prohibiting the evil]], they maintained that uprising against an unjust ruler is an obligation. This group regarded the approach of the conservative current as insufficient, so they established a new educational institution, called "Muntada l-Shabab al- | {{main|Al-Houthis}} | ||
Among Zaydi religious authorities and scholars, there was a current inclined to the [[Jarudi]] Zaydis, who were close to the [[Imamiyya]] in matters of [[theology]] and [[jurisprudence]]. This current insisted on [[imamate]] as a fundamental Zaydi principle and preserved the revolutionary attitude of the Zaydiyya. Emphasizing on the principle of [[enjoining the good and prohibiting the evil]], they maintained that uprising against an unjust ruler is an obligation. This group regarded the approach of the conservative current as insufficient, so they established a new educational institution, called "Muntada l-Shabab al-Mu'minin" (Association of Believing Youths), to train and educate Zaydi youths, which later expanded and changed its name to "Tanzim al-Shabab al-Mu'minin" (Organization of Believing Youth). The spiritual leader of this organization was [[Badr al-Din al-Houthi]] and its political founder and theoretician was [[Husayn al-Houthi]]. | |||
This revolutionary current was close to the Iranian revolution in terms of its intellectual and political tendencies. Husayn al-Houthi was influenced by [[Imam Khomeini]], and would regard the latter's system of government and anti-imperialist attitude as a good model for an Islamic state. | This revolutionary current was close to the Iranian revolution in terms of its intellectual and political tendencies. Husayn al-Houthi was influenced by [[Imam Khomeini]], and would regard the latter's system of government and anti-imperialist attitude as a good model for an Islamic state. | ||
The revolutionary current used to be active mostly in intellectual and cultural spheres from 1997 until 2002. However, when the US attacked [[Afghanistan]] and [[Iraq]], the cooperation of the Yemeni government with the US government and the | The revolutionary current used to be active mostly in intellectual and cultural spheres from 1997 until 2002. However, when the US attacked [[Afghanistan]] and [[Iraq]], the cooperation of the Yemeni government with the US government and the presence of Americans in Yemen increased. As a result, the revolutionary current expanded its political activities, and al-Houthi increasingly criticized the US and Israel. | ||
Al-Houthi severely criticized the Yemeni government when it joined the so-called anti-terrorism coalition led by the US. The audience of al-Houthi's speeches where Zaydi youths, through whom the anti-American and anti-Israeli objections found a new momentum. | Al-Houthi severely criticized the Yemeni government when it joined the so-called anti-terrorism coalition led by the US. The audience of al-Houthi's speeches where Zaydi youths, through whom the anti-American and anti-Israeli objections found a new momentum. | ||
As a result, the government of Ali | As a result, the government of Ali Abdullah Saleh, the Yemeni president of the time, who had given several warnings regarding the political activities of Husayn al-Houthi, started to arrest the supporters of the revolutionary current and then in 2004 use military force to suppress them. The revolutionary current, which came to be known as the Houthis, resisted and defended itself. | ||
The Yemeni government killed Husayn al-Houthi, but this did not put an end to its conflict with Houthis; rather, the conflict continued until 2010 in Northern Yemen, and many people from both sides were killed or displaced. The mercilessness of the Yemeni army in killing civilians and the continuation of the discrimination of the Yemeni government against Zaydis led to increasing popularity of Houthis among Zaydi youths, who more and more joined them. After Husayn al-Houthi and the demise of Badr al-Din al-Houthi, Abd al-Malik al-Houthi became the leader of the revolutionary current. | The Yemeni government killed Husayn al-Houthi, but this did not put an end to its conflict with the Houthis; rather, the conflict continued until 2010 in Northern Yemen, and many people from both sides were killed or displaced. The mercilessness of the Yemeni army in killing civilians and the continuation of the discrimination of the Yemeni government against Zaydis led to increasing popularity of the Houthis among Zaydi youths, who more and more joined them. After Husayn al-Houthi and the demise of Badr al-Din al-Houthi, [['Abd al-Malik al-Houthi]] became the leader of the revolutionary current. | ||
Since 2013, the Houthi current changed its name to Harakat Ansar Allah (Ansar Allah Movement) and gained greater popularity among Yemeni tribes and people. [[Ansar Allah]] Movement started a revolution against Yemeni government in 2014, whose president was Abd Rabbih Mansour Hadi, because of the government's corruption, despotism, and failure to fulfill people's demands. | Since 2013, the Houthi current changed its name to Harakat Ansar Allah (Ansar Allah Movement) and gained greater popularity among Yemeni tribes and people. [[Ansar Allah]] Movement started a revolution against Yemeni government in 2014, whose president was 'Abd Rabbih Mansour Hadi, because of the government's corruption, despotism, and failure to fulfill people's demands. | ||
==Intellectual Current== | ==Intellectual Current== | ||