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Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar: Difference between revisions
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Shaykh '''Muḥammad Riḍā al-Muẓaffar''' (Arabic:{{iarabic| محمد رضا المظفر}}) (b. [[1322]]/1904 - d. [[1383]]/1964) was a Shiite scholar of the 14th/20th century. He began his studies in the [[Islamic seminary of Najaf]], and attended lectures by [[Muhammad Husayn Na'ini]], [[Diya' al-Din 'Iraqi]], [[Qadi Tabataba'i]], and he had a lot of students. Because of his influence in [[Najaf]] and in order to realize his ideas, al-Muzaffar founded several scholarly and cultural institutes. He also took remarkable measures for the sake of proximity of Shiite and Sunni Muslims. He wrote books in a new and simple style, some of which are now textbooks in [[Shi'a Seminary|Islamic seminaries]]. | Al-Shaykh '''Muḥammad Riḍā al-Muẓaffar''' (Arabic:{{iarabic| محمد رضا المظفر}}) (b. [[1322]]/1904 - d. [[1383]]/1964) was a Shiite scholar of the 14th/[[20th century]]. He began his studies in the [[Islamic seminary of Najaf]], and attended lectures by [[Muhammad Husayn Na'ini]], [[Diya' al-Din 'Iraqi]], [[Qadi Tabataba'i]], and he had a lot of students. Because of his influence in [[Najaf]] and in order to realize his ideas, al-Muzaffar founded several scholarly and cultural institutes. He also took remarkable measures for the sake of proximity of Shiite and Sunni Muslims. He wrote books in a new and simple style, some of which are now textbooks in [[Shi'a Seminary|Islamic seminaries]]. | ||
==Birth== | ==Birth== | ||
Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar was born on [[Sha'ban 5]], [[1322]]/October 15, 1904 in a district of Najaf called "Barraq", 5 months after his father's death. His father, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah al-Muzaffar was from the Al Muzaffar household and a scholar of [[fiqh]] in Najaf. His mother was the daughter of Shaykh 'Abd al-Husayn al-Turayhi (d. [[1293]]/1876- | Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar was born on [[Sha'ban 5]], [[1322]]/[[October 15]], 1904 in a district of Najaf called "Barraq", 5 months after his father's death. His father, Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah al-Muzaffar was from the Al Muzaffar household and a scholar of [[fiqh]] in Najaf. His mother was the daughter of Shaykh 'Abd al-Husayn al-Turayhi (d. [[1293]]/1876-7). He was brought up fist by his elder brother, Shaykh 'Abd al-Nabi (d. [[1337]]/1919-20), and after his death, by another brother of his, al-Shaykh Muhammad Hasan al-Muzaffar (d. [[1375]]/1956-7). | ||
==Household== | ==Household== | ||
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==Demise== | ==Demise== | ||
Shaykh Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar passed away on the night of [[Ramadan 16]], [[1383]] / [[January 31]], 1964, and was buried near the grave of his brother, Shaykh Muhammad Hasan. | Al-Shaykh Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar passed away on the night of [[Ramadan 16]], [[1383]] / [[January 31]], 1964, and was buried near the grave of his brother, al-Shaykh Muhammad Hasan. | ||
==Education== | ==Education== | ||
Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar started his educations in Najaf. After learning to read and write, he began studying in the [[Islamic seminary]] at the age of 13. He studied the principles of Arabic literature and grammar with Shaykh Muhammad Taha al-Huwayzi. He then studied [[fiqh]] and [[usul al-fiqh]] with prominent scholars of the fields. Some of his professors are as follow: | Muhammad Rida al-Muzaffar started his educations in Najaf. After learning to read and write, he began studying in the [[Islamic seminary]] at the age of 13. He studied the principles of Arabic literature and grammar with Shaykh Muhammad Taha al-Huwayzi. He then studied [[fiqh]] and [[usul al-fiqh]] with prominent scholars of the fields. Some of his professors are as follow: | ||
* Shaykh Muhammad Hasan al-Muzaffar, his elder brother | * Al-Shaykh Muhammad Hasan al-Muzaffar, his elder brother | ||
* [[Muhammad Husayn Na'ini]] | * [[Muhammad Husayn Na'ini]] | ||
* [[Diya' al-Din 'Iraqi]] | * [[Diya' al-Din 'Iraqi]] | ||
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==Students== | ==Students== | ||
Some of prominent students of his are as follow: | Some of prominent students of his are as follow: | ||
* Shaykh [[Ahmad al-Wa'ili]] | * Al-Shaykh [[Ahmad al-Wa'ili]] | ||
* [[Sayyid Jawad al-Shubbar]] | * [[Sayyid Jawad al-Shubbar]] | ||
* [[Sayyid Husayn Khirsan]] | * [[Sayyid Husayn Khirsan]] | ||
* [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim Qazvini]] | * [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim Qazvini]] | ||
* Shaykh [['Abd al-Hadi al-Fadli]] | * Al-Shaykh [['Abd al-Hadi al-Fadli]] | ||
* Shaykh [[Muhammad 'Ali Taskhiri]] | * Al-Shaykh [[Muhammad 'Ali Taskhiri]] | ||
* Shaykh [[Muhammad Mahdi al-Asifi]] | * Al-Shaykh [[Muhammad Mahdi al-Asifi]] | ||
* [[Sayyid Muhammad al-Sadr]] | * [[Sayyid Muhammad al-Sadr]] | ||
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==Works and textbooks== | ==Works and textbooks== | ||
The books, ''al-Mantiq'' (logic), ''usul al-fiqh'', and '' 'Aqa'id al-Imamiyya'' (Imamiyya beliefs), upgraded the way textbooks of Islamic seminaries were written. They are textbooks of Islamic seminaries today. | The books, ''al-Mantiq'' (logic), ''usul al-fiqh'', and '' 'Aqa'id al-Imamiyya'' (Imamiyya beliefs), upgraded the way textbooks of Islamic seminaries were written. They are textbooks of Islamic seminaries today. | ||
'''Usul al-fiqh:''' al-Muzaffar wrote this book as a textbook for the College of Fiqh in Najaf, and he intended it to fill the gap between two other textbooks in usul al-fiqh: ''[[Ma'alim al-din]]'' and ''[[Kifayat al-usul]]''. In the structure of the book, he followed the lead of his teacher, [[Muhammad Husayn Gharawi Isfahani]]. Like his other written works, ''usul al-fiqh'' was written in a simple style. He tried to cash out complex issues of usul al-fiqh in a very clear and comprehendible way. | '''Usul al-fiqh:''' al-Muzaffar wrote this book as a textbook for the College of Fiqh in Najaf, and he intended it to fill the gap between two other textbooks in usul al-fiqh: ''[[Ma'alim al-din]]'' and ''[[Kifayat al-usul]]''. In the structure of the book, he followed the lead of his teacher, [[Muhammad Husayn Gharawi Isfahani]]. Like his other written works, ''usul al-fiqh'' was written in a simple style. He tried to cash out complex issues of usul al-fiqh in a very clear and comprehendible way. | ||
''' 'Aqa'id al-Imamiyya:''' the book is a collection of Islamic beliefs in accordance with [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] in a summarized and eloquent style. Before writing the book, he had lectured the material in al-Muntada collage in [[1363]]/1944-5, and then published it both as ''Aqa'id al-Imamiyya'' and ''Aqa'id al-Shi'a''. His purpose of writing the book was to approximate Islamic sects. | ''' 'Aqa'id al-Imamiyya:''' the book is a collection of Islamic beliefs in accordance with [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] in a summarized and eloquent style. Before writing the book, he had lectured the material in al-Muntada collage in [[1363]]/1944-5, and then published it both as ''Aqa'id al-Imamiyya'' and ''Aqa'id al-Shi'a''. His purpose of writing the book was to approximate Islamic sects. | ||
'''Al-Mantiq:''' the book consisted of al-Muzaffar's lectures regarding logic since [[1357]]/1938-9 in al-Muntada al-Nashr College. The book is taught as a textbook in both the Islamic seminaries and universities. | '''Al-Mantiq:''' the book consisted of al-Muzaffar's lectures regarding logic since [[1357]]/1938-9 in al-Muntada al-Nashr College. The book is taught as a textbook in both the Islamic seminaries and universities. | ||
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{{col-begin|2}} | {{col-begin|2}} | ||
* ''Ahkam al-yaqza'' | * ''Ahkam al-yaqza'' | ||
* | * ''Tarikh al-Islam'' | ||
* Hurriyyat al-insan wa irtibatuha bi qada' Allah'' | * Hurriyyat al-insan wa irtibatuha bi qada' Allah'' | ||
* ''Al-Saqifa'' | * ''Al-Saqifa'' | ||
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Al-Muzaffar composed poems since he was young. He was encouraged to compose poems by Shaykh Muhammad Taha al-Huwayzi. His collection of poems includes about 5000 verses. | Al-Muzaffar composed poems since he was young. He was encouraged to compose poems by Shaykh Muhammad Taha al-Huwayzi. His collection of poems includes about 5000 verses. | ||
==References== | |||
*The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/محمد_رضا_مظفر محمد رضا مظفر] in Farsi WikiShia. | |||
[[fa:محمد رضا مظفر]] | [[fa:محمد رضا مظفر]] | ||