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{{Infobox book | |||
| name = Al-Wafi | |||
| image = کتاب الوافی.jpg | |||
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| author = [[Mulla Muhsin al-Fayd al-Kashani]] | |||
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| language = Arabic | |||
| series = 26 vol. | |||
| subject = Narrations of Ahl al-Bayt (a) | |||
| genre = Hadith | |||
| published = Isfahan | |||
| publisher = Maktabat al-Imam Amir al-Mu'minin Ali b. Abi Talib (a) | |||
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'''Al-Wāfī''' (Arabic:{{iarabic|الوافی}}) is a [[hadith]] reference in Arabic written by [[al-Fayd al-Kashani]]. This book includes all hadiths of [[the Four Books]] of Shi'a and the first hadith collection of recent scholars. In this book, al-Fayd al-Kashani has tried to collect hadiths, explains about their problems and solve them. This book has fourteen chapters and due to its advantages and features has always been referred to by recent scholars and many commentaries and marginal notes have written for it. | '''Al-Wāfī''' (Arabic:{{iarabic|الوافی}}) is a [[hadith]] reference in Arabic written by [[al-Fayd al-Kashani]]. This book includes all hadiths of [[the Four Books]] of Shi'a and the first hadith collection of recent scholars. In this book, al-Fayd al-Kashani has tried to collect hadiths, explains about their problems and solve them. This book has fourteen chapters and due to its advantages and features has always been referred to by recent scholars and many commentaries and marginal notes have written for it. | ||
== | == Author == | ||
Muhammad b. Murtada b. Muhammad known as Mulla Muhsin Kashani was titled as | {{main|Mulla Muhsin al-Fayd al-Kashani}} | ||
Muhammad b. Murtada b. Muhammad known as Mulla Muhsin al-Kashani was titled as al-Fayd. He was a [[hadith]] scholar, philosopher, mystic, [[faqih]], and a man of literature. He was born on [[Safar 14]], [[1007]]/ [[Semptember 6]], 1598 and passed away on [[Rabi' II 22]], [[1091]]/[[May 12]], 1680 and was buried in [[Kashan]]. | |||
== Reason for Naming == | == Reason for Naming == | ||
The author titled the book al-Wafi, since he believed that it has done the rights completely to bringing of hadiths, important issues and explanation of ambiguous expressions in hadiths. | The author titled the book ''al-Wafi'', since he believed that it has done the rights completely to bringing of hadiths, important issues and explanation of ambiguous expressions in hadiths. | ||
== Date of Compilation == | == Date of Compilation == | ||
The author spent 9 years and one month for writing this work and finished it in 1068 | The author spent 9 years and one month for writing this work and finished it in [[1068]]/1657. | ||
== Goal of Writing == | == Goal of Writing == | ||
In an introduction the author has written on the book, he mentioned his goal of writing this book as the following: | In an introduction the author has written on the book, he mentioned his goal of writing this book as the following: | ||
* None of the Four Books alone is enough for the reader, because some important narrations are not mentioned there. | * None of [[the Four Books]] alone is enough for the reader, because some important narrations are not mentioned there. | ||
* Referring to these books and finding a specific hadith is very difficult, because the titles of chapters are orderly. (Some hadiths are not mentioned in their corresponding chapter and mentioned somewhere else. Sometimes, narrations which needed to mention separately have been mentioned together or vice versa, when narrations which have a similar theme and needed to be mentioned in one chapter are mentioned in different chapters.) | * Referring to these books and finding a specific hadith is very difficult, because the titles of chapters are orderly. (Some hadiths are not mentioned in their corresponding chapter and mentioned somewhere else. Sometimes, narrations which needed to mention separately have been mentioned together or vice versa, when narrations which have a similar theme and needed to be mentioned in one chapter are mentioned in different chapters.) | ||
* Some narrations are repeated in the Four Books and this has cause their bulkiness and extra volume. | * Some narrations are repeated in the Four Books and this has cause their bulkiness and extra volume. | ||
== | == Content == | ||
Al-Wafi has an introduction, 14 | ''Al-Wafi'' has an introduction, 14 chapters and an ending. The number of its sections, according to [[Aqa Buzurg]]'s counting, is 273 sections and the number of its hadiths reach 50,000. | ||
This book contains all hadiths of the Four Books (al-Kafi, | This book contains all hadiths of the Four Books (al-Kafi, ''[[Kitab man la yahduruh al-faqih]]'', ''[[Tahdhib al-ahkam]]'', and ''[[al-Istibsar]]''). In this book, al-Fayd collected these hadiths and tried to explain hadiths and solve their literal difficulties. | ||
=== Table of Content and Chapters === | === Table of Content and Chapters === | ||
The 14 | The 14 chapters of ''al-Wafi'' are as following: | ||
* Book of intellect, knowledge and unity | * Book of intellect, knowledge and unity | ||
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* Book of faith and disbelief | * Book of faith and disbelief | ||
* Book of purity and ornamentation | * Book of purity and ornamentation | ||
* Book of prayer, supplication and the | * Book of prayer, supplication and the Qur'an | ||
* Book pf Zakat, Khums and charitable deeds | * Book pf Zakat, Khums and charitable deeds | ||
* Book of fasting, | * Book of fasting, I'tikaf (retreat) and personal promises | ||
* Book of hajj, ‘Umra and pilgrimage | * Book of hajj, ‘Umra and pilgrimage | ||
* Book of religious judgeship, rulings and witnesses | * Book of religious judgeship, rulings and witnesses | ||
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* Ending of al-Wafi, on references of hadiths in Man la yahduruh al-faqih, Tahdhib al-ahkam and al-Istibsar, which Mulla Muhsin listed alphabetically for a better accessibility and to preserve concision, he mentioned the names of some transmitters of hadiths in short form. | * Ending of al-Wafi, on references of hadiths in Man la yahduruh al-faqih, Tahdhib al-ahkam and al-Istibsar, which Mulla Muhsin listed alphabetically for a better accessibility and to preserve concision, he mentioned the names of some transmitters of hadiths in short form. | ||
== | ==Comparison with other collections of hadiths== | ||
{{Shi'a Collections of hadiths}} | |||
== Feyd's Criticisms to the Four Books == | |||
In his introduction, the author has criticized the Four Books and has mentioned the necessity of one hadith reference. | In his introduction, the author has criticized the Four Books and has mentioned the necessity of one hadith reference. | ||
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* It is void of hadiths related to principles of belief. | * It is void of hadiths related to principles of belief. | ||
* It has more missing chapters and sections. | * It has more missing chapters and sections. | ||
* In some cases, hadiths are confused with the | * In some cases, hadiths are confused with the author's word. | ||
* Its Mursal hadiths and the missing references are many. | * Its Mursal hadiths and the missing references are many. | ||
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=== Al-Istibsar === | === Al-Istibsar === | ||
According to Feyd, al-Istibsar was a part of Tahdhib al-ahkam which was extracted from it and has been remiss in mentioning contradictory and conflicting reports and has tried to relate them using close and far hadiths. In his opinion, it is fair to say that relating such hadiths and others is something impossible and even out of | According to Feyd, al-Istibsar was a part of Tahdhib al-ahkam which was extracted from it and has been remiss in mentioning contradictory and conflicting reports and has tried to relate them using close and far hadiths. In his opinion, it is fair to say that relating such hadiths and others is something impossible and even out of man's capability. | ||
Before beginning his work, the author has brought three issues and explained about them as following: | Before beginning his work, the author has brought three issues and explained about them as following: | ||
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== Advantages and Features == | == Advantages and Features == | ||
* Great order in mentioning hadiths in corresponding chapter | * Great order in mentioning hadiths in corresponding chapter | ||
* Explanation of the words in hadiths and some verses of the | * Explanation of the words in hadiths and some verses of the Qur'an | ||
* Narrating hadiths related to every chapter from references other than the Four Books | * Narrating hadiths related to every chapter from references other than the Four Books | ||
* Making the researcher needless of referring to references in many hadiths | * Making the researcher needless of referring to references in many hadiths | ||
* Mentioning the cases when a hadith is split | * Mentioning the cases when a hadith is split | ||
* Interpreting many | * Interpreting many Qur'anic verses | ||
* Paying attention to the cause of issuing hadiths upon explaining their meanings | * Paying attention to the cause of issuing hadiths upon explaining their meanings | ||
* Correcting the texts of hadiths in the Four Books using different hadith sources | * Correcting the texts of hadiths in the Four Books using different hadith sources | ||
* Correcting references of the hadiths from the Four Books | * Correcting references of the hadiths from the Four Books | ||
* Observing scholarly piety in relating scholarly theories to their owners | * Observing scholarly piety in relating scholarly theories to their owners | ||
* Explaining the philosophy of some issues in the verses of the | * Explaining the philosophy of some issues in the verses of the Qur'an or hadiths | ||
* Mere following of reason in fatwas | * Mere following of reason in fatwas | ||
* Explaining the meaning of proverbs in narrations | * Explaining the meaning of proverbs in narrations | ||
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* Al-Hashiya ‘ala al-Wafi written by Fadl Allah b. Muhammad Sharif Kashani. This book includes a marginal note on the chapters of intellect and knowledge from al-Wafi and mostly discusses the explanation of hadiths and sometimes addresses references as well. It was finished in Rajab of 1107 AH. This marginal note has been compiled by the author and a version of it together with glosses also written by him is available in the library of Sepahsalar school. | * Al-Hashiya ‘ala al-Wafi written by Fadl Allah b. Muhammad Sharif Kashani. This book includes a marginal note on the chapters of intellect and knowledge from al-Wafi and mostly discusses the explanation of hadiths and sometimes addresses references as well. It was finished in Rajab of 1107 AH. This marginal note has been compiled by the author and a version of it together with glosses also written by him is available in the library of Sepahsalar school. | ||
* Sharh al-Wafi written by Sayyid Muhammad Jawad b. Muhammad Husayni ‘Amili, author of Miftah al-karama (d. 1226 AH) containing a commentary on the chapter of purity from al-Wafi and the class notes of the discussion of his teacher, Bahr al-‘Ulum who discussed the text and references of the reports of al-Wafi and has also been mentioned as class notes. | * Sharh al-Wafi written by Sayyid Muhammad Jawad b. Muhammad Husayni ‘Amili, author of Miftah al-karama (d. 1226 AH) containing a commentary on the chapter of purity from al-Wafi and the class notes of the discussion of his teacher, Bahr al-‘Ulum who discussed the text and references of the reports of al-Wafi and has also been mentioned as class notes. | ||
* Al-Hashiya ‘ala al-Wafi written by Sayyid Muhsin b. Hasan | * Al-Hashiya ‘ala al-Wafi written by Sayyid Muhsin b. Hasan A'raji (d. 1227 AH) containing Awa'il al-Wafi compiled by one of his descendants. | ||
* Sharh tahara al-Wafi written by Muhammad Taqi b. Muhammad Rahim Tehrani (d. 1248 AH) which is class notes of the class of his teacher, Bahr al-‘Ulum. | * Sharh tahara al-Wafi written by Muhammad Taqi b. Muhammad Rahim Tehrani (d. 1248 AH) which is class notes of the class of his teacher, Bahr al-‘Ulum. | ||
== Collection, Anthology, Complement and Index == | == Collection, Anthology, Complement and Index == | ||
* Al-Shafi al-muntakhab min al-Wafi written by Muhammad Muhsin b. Murtada Feyd Kashani (1007 – 1091 AH). In this book, the author has omitted conflicting and repeated hadiths, references of transmitters and extracted the rest from al-Wafi and only has mentioned authentic topics. The author has compiled al-Shafi in two parts, each of which contains twelve chapters with different sections. | * Al-Shafi al-muntakhab min al-Wafi written by Muhammad Muhsin b. Murtada Feyd Kashani (1007 – 1091 AH). In this book, the author has omitted conflicting and repeated hadiths, references of transmitters and extracted the rest from al-Wafi and only has mentioned authentic topics. The author has compiled al-Shafi in two parts, each of which contains twelve chapters with different sections. | ||
* Nawadir al-akhbar (Nawadir Feyd). After extracting al-Shafi from al-Wafi, Feyd wrote a complement for al-Shafi as well and called it Nawadir al-akhbar. He collected authentic hadiths which were not mentioned either in the Four Books, al-Wafi or al-Shafi in Nawadir al-akhbar. Shaykh Husayn ‘Asfuri completed it and titled it as al- | * Nawadir al-akhbar (Nawadir Feyd). After extracting al-Shafi from al-Wafi, Feyd wrote a complement for al-Shafi as well and called it Nawadir al-akhbar. He collected authentic hadiths which were not mentioned either in the Four Books, al-Wafi or al-Shafi in Nawadir al-akhbar. Shaykh Husayn ‘Asfuri completed it and titled it as al-Hada'iq al-nawazir. | ||
[[fa:الوافی (کتاب)]] | [[fa:الوافی (کتاب)]] | ||