Imams of al-Baqi': Difference between revisions

'''Imāms of al-Baqiʿ''' (Arabic:{{iarabic|أئمة البقيع}}) refers to those four Imams buried in [[al-Baqi' cemetery]] in [[Medina]] including [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]], [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]], [[Imam al-Baqir (a)]] and [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]]. The graves of Imams (a) had tombs and shrines built upon them which were [[Demolition of al-Baqi'|demolished]] in [[1344]]/1926 by [[Wahhabis]].  

[[Hasan b. 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]]: He was the second Shi'a Imam and the son of [['Ali ibn Abi Talib (a)]] and [[Lady Fatima (s)]]. He became Imam and caliph of Muslims at the age of 37 and agreed to the [[peace treaty]] with [[Mu'awiya]] in 41 A.H. Imam al-Hasan (a) was the caliph of Muslims for six months and three days. After the peace treaty Imam (a) moved to [[Medina]] where he lived for ten years and he was martyred there. His body was buried in [[Al-Baqi' cemetery]].

[['Ali b. al-Husayn b. 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a)]]: He is known as Imam al-Sajjad (a) and Zayn al-'Abidin is the fourth Imam of Shi'a Muslims. His [[Imamate]] lasted for 34 years. Imam al-Sajjad was present in [[the battle of Karbala]] and he was imprisoned and moved to [[Kufa]] and [[Sham]] along with other captives. According to Shi'ite narrations, Imam al-Sajjad (a) was poisoned and martyred by the order of [[Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik]]. He is buried next to his uncle's grave Imam al-Hasan (a).

[[Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Husayn b. 'Ali (a)]]: He is known as Imam al-Baqir (a). Imamate of the fifth Shi'a Imam lasted for about 19 years. Imam al-Baqir (a) was poisoned and martyred by the order of [[Hisham b. 'Abd al-Malik]]. He is buried next to his father's and his uncle's graves.

[[Ja'far b. Muhammad b. 'Ali b. al-Husayn (a)]]: He is known as Imam al-Sadiq (a). Imamate of the sixth Shi'a Imam lasted for 34 years. Imam al-Baqir (a) passed away at the age of 65 and he is buried next to his father's grave in [[Al-Baqi' cemetery]].

The grave of [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] and a grave attributed to [[Lady Fatima (s)]] or [[Fatima bt. Asad]] are located near the graves of Imams. Abbasid built a tomb on 'Abbas's grave which covered the graves of Imams as well. Tombs and shrines were built on the graves of the aunts and wives of [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] beforehand. After the sixth century A.H other tombs and shrines were built on the graves of the other famous people.

As [[Ibn Jubayr]], Andalusian Muslims tourist, stated the tombs built on the graves of [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]] and [['Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] were built high. In addition, [[Ibn Battuta]] (probably narrated from Ibn Jubayr's book) described the tomb on Imam al-Hasan (a) and 'Abbas's graves as high and glorious, in the first half of the eighth century A.H.  

Based on the travel accounts of Farhad Mirza al-Qajar in 1293 A.H and Muhammad Husayn Khan Farahani in 1303 A.H, tombs and shrines were built on the graves of the four Shi'a Imams in [[Al-Baqi' cemetery]] before their demolition.

The tombs and shrines built on the graves of Imams were demolished by [[Wahhabis]] in 1221 A.H. However [['Abd al-Hamid II]], an Ottoman Sultan ordered to rebuild the shrines. But again they were demolished by the orders of Amir Muhammad the governor of [[Medina]] and his father's order [['Abd al-'Aziz]] Saudi king.