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Khalid b. Sa'id: Difference between revisions
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* Editorial box and infobox added [[User:Shakeri|Shakeri]] ([[User talk:Shakeri|talk]]) 07:48, 1 December 2016 (UTC) | |||
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{{Infobox sahaba | |||
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| Full name = Khalid b. Sa'id b. 'As b. Umayya b. 'Abd Shams | |||
| Kunya = Abu Sa'id | |||
| Epithet = Najib Bani Umayya | |||
| Well Known As = | |||
| Lineage = [[Quraysh]] | |||
| Well-known relatives = Sa'id b. 'As (father) | |||
| Birth = | |||
| Place of Birth = [[Mecca]] | |||
| Muhajir/Ansar = Muhajir | |||
| Place of Residence = Mecca, [[Abyssinia]], [[Medina]], [[Yemen]] | |||
| Death/Martyrdom = 13/634 or 14/635 | |||
| Cause of death/martyrdom = Martyred in the Battle of Ajnadayn or battle of Marj al-Suffar | |||
| Burial place = | |||
| Converting to Islam = 3rd or 4th or 5th muslim | |||
| Cause of converting to Islam = | |||
| Presence at ghazwas = [[Conquest of Mecca]], [[battle of Hunayn|Hunayn]], [[battle of Tabuk|Tabuk]], [[battle of Ta'if|Ta'if]] | |||
| Migration to = Abyssinia, Medina | |||
| Known for = | |||
| Notable roles = The Prophet's (s) agent in [[Yemen]] | |||
| Other activities = One of [[:Category:Companions of Imam Ali (a)|companions]] of [[Imam 'Ali (a)]], opposition to the Saqifa Council, Not pledging allegiance with [[Abu Bakr]] | |||
| Works = | |||
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'''Khālid b. Sa'īd b. 'Āṣ b. Umayya b. 'Abd Shams''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|خالِد بن سَعید بن عاص بن اُمَیَّة بن عَبدشَمس}}) was one of the first people who converted to [[Islam]]. He was a scribe (katib) of the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]]. He was the Holy Prophet's (s) agent in [[Yemen]]. After the Prophet's (s) demise, he resigned from this position and preferred not to work for the [[The Three Caliphs|caliphs]]. Khalid b. Sa'id was one of the 12 people who did not pledge their [[allegiance]] with [[Abu Bakr b. Abi Quhafa]]; And this led to [['Umar b. Khattab]], the second caliph, standing against him. There is a disagreement among historians over the date and place of his [[martyrdom]]. | '''Khālid b. Sa'īd b. 'Āṣ b. Umayya b. 'Abd Shams''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|خالِد بن سَعید بن عاص بن اُمَیَّة بن عَبدشَمس}}) was one of the first people who converted to [[Islam]]. He was a scribe (katib) of the [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]]. He was the Holy Prophet's (s) agent in [[Yemen]]. After the Prophet's (s) demise, he resigned from this position and preferred not to work for the [[The Three Caliphs|caliphs]]. Khalid b. Sa'id was one of the 12 people who did not pledge their [[allegiance]] with [[Abu Bakr b. Abi Quhafa]]; And this led to [['Umar b. Khattab]], the second caliph, standing against him. There is a disagreement among historians over the date and place of his [[martyrdom]]. | ||
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==='Umar's Hostility to Khalid=== | ==='Umar's Hostility to Khalid=== | ||
Khalid b. Sa'id's refusal to pledge his allegiance to Abu Bakr made 'Umar b. Khattab hostile to him. Later in many cases, 'Umar appealed to his refusal and dismissed him from different positions. For example, in 13/634, when Abu Bakr wanted to send the army of Islam to [[Syria| | Khalid b. Sa'id's refusal to pledge his allegiance to Abu Bakr made 'Umar b. Khattab hostile to him. Later in many cases, 'Umar appealed to his refusal and dismissed him from different positions. For example, in 13/634, when Abu Bakr wanted to send the army of Islam to [[Syria|Syria]], he appointed Khalid b. Sa'id as the commander of the army and gave him the flag. But 'Umar reminded Abu Bakr of Khalid's refusal to pledge his allegiance to him and his remarks in opposition to Abu Bakr and insisted that Khalid should be dismissed. Abu Bakr dismissed Khalid before the army departed. Khalid returned the flag with self-esteem and said: “I swear to God that your appointment did not make me happy and being dismissed by you did not make me sad”. | ||
===Combat with Romans=== | ===Combat with Romans=== | ||
However, Abu Bakr commissioned Khalid to stay in Tayma', a city in | However, Abu Bakr commissioned Khalid to stay in Tayma', a city in Syria (Syria), and organize Arabs in the area for a battle, admitting only those who were not apostates and not fighting except those who fight them. A huge number of people were organized by Khalid. Romans heard the news about his camp and plans. So Romans organized some Arabs of Syria, including the tribes of Bahra', Sulayh, Tanukh, Ghassan, Kalb, Lakhm and Judham, to fight them. | ||
Khalid b. Sa'id wrote a letter in this regard to Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr ordered him to move forward cautiously. Khalid b. Sa'id launched an attack and dispersed those tribes and camped in their location. All people in those tribes converted to Islam. A Roman commander, called Bahan, fought Khalid b. Sa'id. In this battle, some Romans were killed and the rest were defeated. Khalid b. Sa'id asked Abu Bakr for aids. Abu Bakr sent aid forces to him under the command of Dhu l-Kila' and 'Akrama b. Abi Jahl. He was also aided by [[Walid b. 'Uqba]]'s army. | Khalid b. Sa'id wrote a letter in this regard to Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr ordered him to move forward cautiously. Khalid b. Sa'id launched an attack and dispersed those tribes and camped in their location. All people in those tribes converted to Islam. A Roman commander, called Bahan, fought Khalid b. Sa'id. In this battle, some Romans were killed and the rest were defeated. Khalid b. Sa'id asked Abu Bakr for aids. Abu Bakr sent aid forces to him under the command of Dhu l-Kila' and 'Akrama b. Abi Jahl. He was also aided by [[Walid b. 'Uqba]]'s army. | ||
==Martyrdom== | ==Martyrdom== | ||
There are different historical accounts of when and where Khalid b. Sa'id was [[martyred]]. On one account, he was martyred in the [[Battle of Ajnadayn]] with Romans and people of | There are different historical accounts of when and where Khalid b. Sa'id was [[martyred]]. On one account, he was martyred in the [[Battle of Ajnadayn]] with Romans and people of Syria ([[13]]/634) in the period of Abu Bakr. On another account, he was martyred in the [[Battle of Marj al-Suffar]] in Syria. This battle occurred in the early period of 'Umar's caliphate in [[14]]/635 or in the period of Abu Bakr in 13/634. | ||
On another account, it was Khalid's son who was martyred in the event of Marj al-Suffar and Khalid himself escaped the battlefield. When Khalid fought the Romans and chased Bahan to Marj al-Suffar near [[Damascus]], he was surrounded by Bahan's army. Bahan attacked him and killed Sa'id, Khalid's son, and his companies. When Khalid heard this, he escaped and retreated to Dhu l-Marwa. Abu Bakr told them to stay there so that he can take care of everything. There are different accounts of the dates of the battles of Ajnadayn and Marj al-Suffar and Yarmuk. According to Ibn Qutayba, Khalid died in the [[Battle of Yarmuk]]. | On another account, it was Khalid's son who was martyred in the event of Marj al-Suffar and Khalid himself escaped the battlefield. When Khalid fought the Romans and chased Bahan to Marj al-Suffar near [[Damascus]], he was surrounded by Bahan's army. Bahan attacked him and killed Sa'id, Khalid's son, and his companies. When Khalid heard this, he escaped and retreated to Dhu l-Marwa. Abu Bakr told them to stay there so that he can take care of everything. There are different accounts of the dates of the battles of Ajnadayn and Marj al-Suffar and Yarmuk. According to Ibn Qutayba, Khalid died in the [[Battle of Yarmuk]]. | ||