Anonymous user
Janaba: Difference between revisions
m
Revision + wikicheck
imported>Saburi No edit summary |
imported>Mohammad.Kh m (Revision + wikicheck) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
'''Janaba''' (Arabic: {{ia|جَنابَة}}) is a [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] term meaning a state of a person in which, according to Islamic jurisprudence, performing some acts of worships such as [[prayer]], [[fasting]], [[hajj]], and entering [[mosque]] is [[forbidden|prohibited]]. Janaba is a result of discharging semen or sexual intercourse that involves penetration. The person who is in this state is called "junub" (Arabic: {{ia|جُنُب}}). | '''Janaba''' (Arabic: {{ia|جَنابَة}}) is a [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] term meaning a state of a person in which, according to Islamic jurisprudence, performing some acts of worships such as [[prayer]], [[fasting]], [[hajj]], and entering [[mosque]] is [[forbidden|prohibited]]. Janaba is a result of discharging semen or sexual intercourse that involves penetration. The person who is in this state is called "junub" (Arabic: {{ia|جُنُب}}). | ||
| Line 21: | Line 8: | ||
Some rulings about janaba are mentioned in the Qur'an (4:43 - 5:6). | Some rulings about janaba are mentioned in the Qur'an (4:43 - 5:6). | ||
There are about 400 hadiths presenting detailed rulings about janaba. In hadiths, it is also defined as spiritual impurity. Therefore, it is narrated in hadiths that junub should not be present at [[muhtadar]]'s (one who is dying) | There are about 400 hadiths presenting detailed rulings about janaba. In hadiths, it is also defined as spiritual impurity. Therefore, it is narrated in hadiths that junub should not be present at [[muhtadar]]'s bed (one who is dying) or people should not perform salat in a room in which there is a junub, or a junub should not sleep in this state as during the sleep the soul is presented before God with this spiritual impurity. This impurity is removed by performing ghusl al-janaba. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
| Line 40: | Line 27: | ||
==Ghusl al-Janaba== | ==Ghusl al-Janaba== | ||
It is recommended ([[mustahab]]) for junub to perform ghusl al-janaba as soon as possible, so that the spiritual impurity is removed. However, this ghusl becomes [[wajib]] (compulsory) for performing religious acts that are subject to tahara (purification), such as: | It is recommended ([[mustahab]]) for junub to perform ghusl al-janaba as soon as possible, so that the spiritual impurity is removed. However, this ghusl becomes [[wajib]] (compulsory) for performing religious acts that are subject to tahara (purification), such as: prayer, [[tawaf]] (circumambulation of [[Ka'ba]]), fasting in the month of [[Ramadan]]. Ghusl al-janaba is invalid for one who is not in the state of janaba.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 1, p. 46-55; Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 1, p. 492.</ref> The method, rulings and conditions of ghusl al-janaba is similar to other compulsory and recommended ghusls except that ghusl al-janaba will suffice for [[wudu]] unless one does something that invalidates wudu. | ||
==Acts that Are Haram (Prohibited) for Junub== | ==Acts that Are Haram (Prohibited) for Junub== | ||
* Reciting suras which | * Reciting suras which contain compulsory prostration (al-sajda al-wajiba): However, there is disagreement whether the prohibition applies to reciting the verse of compulsory prostration (Qur'an 32:15 - 41:38 - 53:62 - 96:19) or to the whole sura.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 3, p. 42-45; Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 1, p. 482.</ref> | ||
* Touching the script of the Qur'an and the name of God (in any language): and according to most faqihs touching the name of the Prophet [[Muhammad (s)]] and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|his Household (a)]].<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 2, p. 316:vol. 3, p. 46; Baḥrānī, ''al-Ḥadāʾiq al-nāḍira'', vol. 2, p. 122; Ḥakīm, ''Mustamsak al-ʿUrwa'', vol. 3, p. 45.</ref> | * Touching the script of the Qur'an and the name of God (in any language): and according to most faqihs touching the name of the Prophet [[Muhammad (s)]] and [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)|his Household (a)]].<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 2, p. 316:vol. 3, p. 46; Baḥrānī, ''al-Ḥadāʾiq al-nāḍira'', vol. 2, p. 122; Ḥakīm, ''Mustamsak al-ʿUrwa'', vol. 3, p. 45.</ref> | ||
* Staying or putting something in [[masjid]]: however, taking something from masjid or entering from one door and exiting from another is permissible for junub. Some faqihs added the shrines of the infallible Imams (a) to this ruling.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 3, p. 49-56.</ref> Nevertheless, entering [[al-Masjid al-Haram]] and [[Masjid al-Nabi]] are absolutely haram ([[prohibited]]) even for traversing or taking something from them.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 3, p. 54-55.</ref> | * Staying or putting something in [[masjid]]: however, taking something from masjid or entering from one door and exiting from another is permissible for junub. Some faqihs added the shrines of the infallible Imams (a) to this ruling.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 3, p. 49-56.</ref> Nevertheless, entering [[al-Masjid al-Haram]] and [[Masjid al-Nabi]] are absolutely haram ([[prohibited]]) even for traversing or taking something from them.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 3, p. 54-55.</ref> | ||
| Line 53: | Line 40: | ||
* Touching the cover or the margins of the Qur'an. | * Touching the cover or the margins of the Qur'an. | ||
* Sleeping before performing ghusl or wudu. | * Sleeping before performing ghusl or wudu. | ||
* | * Dying hair.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 3, p. 72-78.</ref> | ||
* Being present at muhtadar's (one who is dying) | * Being present at muhtadar's bed (one who is dying).<ref>''Tawḍīḥ al-masāʾil'', vol. 1, p. 312.</ref> | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
==Some Rulings== | ==Some Rulings== | ||
* Some faqihs issued that the perspiration of one who has become junub by committing a prohibited act (for instance [[istimna']] (masturbation) or [[zina]] (fornication)) is [[najis]].<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 6, p. 71-77.</ref> On the other hand, some believe that it is tahir (clean) but one cannot perform salat with it.<ref>Gulpāyigānī, ''Irshād al-sāʾil'', p. 16; Lankarānī, ''al-Aḥkām al-wāḍiḥa'', p. 95.</ref> | * Some faqihs issued that the perspiration of one who has become junub by committing a prohibited act (for instance [[istimna']] (masturbation) or [[zina]] (fornication)) is [[najis]].<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 6, p. 71-77.</ref> On the other hand, some believe that it is tahir (clean) but one cannot perform salat with it.<ref>Gulpāyigānī, ''Irshād al-sāʾil'', p. 16; Lankarānī, ''al-Aḥkām al-wāḍiḥa'', p. 95.</ref> | ||
* Remaining in the state of Janaba to the dawn (fajr) in the month of [[Ramadan]] - for one upon whom fasting is obligatory - is haram (prohibited) and invalidates the | * Remaining in the state of Janaba to the dawn (fajr) in the month of [[Ramadan]] - for one upon whom fasting is obligatory - is haram (prohibited) and invalidates the fast of that day and causes [[qada]] (compensation) and [[kaffara]] (atonement).<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 16, p. 236-247.</ref> | ||
* If performing ghusl is harmful for junub, they should perform [[tayammum]] instead of ghusl.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 5, p. 111.</ref> | * If performing ghusl is harmful for junub, they should perform [[tayammum]] instead of ghusl.<ref>Najafī, ''Jawāhir al-kalām'', vol. 5, p. 111.</ref> | ||
* Performing salat in a room in which there is junub is makruh.<ref>Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 2, p. 401.</ref> | * Performing salat in a room in which there is junub is makruh.<ref>Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 2, p. 401.</ref> | ||
| Line 81: | Line 68: | ||
[[ur: جنابت]] | [[ur: جنابت]] | ||
[[tr: Cenabet]] | [[tr: Cenabet]] | ||
<onlyinclude>{{#ifeq:{{{section|editorial box}}}|editorial box|{{Editorial Box | |||
| priority =c | |||
| quality =b | |||
| links =done | |||
| photo =- | |||
| categories =done | |||
| infobox =- | |||
| navbox =done | |||
| redirects=done | |||
| references =done | |||
| good article = | |||
| featured article = | |||
}}}}</onlyinclude> | |||
[[Category:Fiqh terminology]] | [[Category:Fiqh terminology]] | ||