Congregational Prayer: Difference between revisions

Congregational Prayer (view source)

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 == How it is preformed ==
 [[File:Eid prayer in Imam Square, Isfahan.jpg|260px|thumbnail|[[Eid prayer]] in Imam Square, [[Isfahan]]]]
-There is almost the same way of how to perform a congregational prayer in all [[Islamic sects]]. [[Imam of congregational prayer]] (who leads the prayer) recites [[Qur'an 1]] (sura al-Fatiha) and a [[sura]] in the two first [[rak'a]]s in behalf of the people following him in prayer, though the people behind him recite other parts quietly, while following the Imam in prayer moves and actions.
-A "ma'mum" (follower in prayer) must not do the prayer acts ahead of the Imam, although it does not invalidate his prayer in the view of majority of [[Shi'a]] and some [[Sunni]] scholars. Some [[jurists]] believe that following the [[Imam]] in prayer acts is the condition of the validity of the prayer but others believe it is the condition of its recognition as a congregational prayer.<ref>Jazīrī, ''Kitāb al-fiqh'', vol. 1, p. 381-385; Khūʾī, ''al-Mustanad fī sharḥ al-ʿUwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 17, p. 229-232.</ref>
+There is almost the same way of how to perform a congregational prayer in all [[Islamic sects]]. [[Imam of congregational prayer]] (who leads the prayer) recites [[Qur'an 1]] (sura al-Fatiha) and a [[sura]] in the two first [[rak'a]]s in behalf of the people following him in prayer, though the people behind him recite other parts quietly, while following the imam in prayer moves and actions.
+A "ma'mum" (follower in prayer) must not do the prayer acts ahead of the imam, although it does not invalidate his prayer in the view of majority of [[Shi'a]] and some [[Sunni]] scholars. Some [[jurists]] believe that following the imam in prayer acts is the condition of the validity of the prayer but others believe it is the condition of its recognition as a congregational prayer.<ref>Jazīrī, ''Kitāb al-fiqh'', vol. 1, p. 381-385; Khūʾī, ''al-Mustanad fī sharḥ al-ʿurwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 17, p. 229-232.</ref>
 === Validity conditions ===
 There are specific principles in both Shi'a and Sunni schools of thought, for validity of a congregational prayer, such as:
-# Presence of at least two persons, one of which leads the prayer; however this ruling is a little different in [[friday prayer]] and [[Eid prayer]].
+# Presence of at least two persons, one of which leads the prayer; however this ruling is a little different in [[Friday prayer]] and [[Eid prayer]].
-# Similarity between the kinds of prayer Imam and ma'mum perform in respect to being [[recommended]] or [[obligatory]] (when a recommended prayer could be performed congregationally).
+# Similarity between the kinds of prayer imam and ma'mum perform in respect to being [[recommended]] or [[obligatory]] (when a recommended prayer could be performed congregationally).
-# Followers must not stand ahead of Imam.
+# Followers must not stand ahead of imam.
-# There must be no obstacle preventing followers from observing the Imam, between the first line and the Imam.
+# There must be no obstacle preventing followers from observing the imam, between the first line and the imam.<ref>Yazdī Ṭabāṭabāʾī, ‘’al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā’’, 1409, vol. 1, p. 777</ref>
 # Lines of congregational prayer must be connected to each other.
-# The location of the Imam must not be higher than that of the followers; therefore, [[Mihrab]]s (a semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque) are usually built lower than the mosque's floor.<ref>Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 1, p. 777-784.</ref>
+# The location of the imam must not be higher than that of the followers; therefore, [[mihrab]]s (the place where imam stands) are usually built lower than the mosque's floor.<ref>Yazdī, ''al-ʿUrwa al-wuthqā'', vol. 1, p. 777-784.</ref>
 ==Qualifications of the Imam==
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 *Jazīrī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-. ''Kitāb al-fiqh ʿalā l-madhāhib al-arbaʿa''. second edition. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmīyya, 1424 AH.
 *Khaṭīb al-Shirbīnī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-. ''Mughnī l-Muḥtāj ilā maʿrifat maʿānī l-alfāẓ al-Minhāj''. Edited by Jūbilī b. Ibrahīm al-Shāfiʿī. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, [n.d].
-*Khūʾī, Sayyid Abū l-Qāsim al-. ''Al-Mustanad fī sharḥ al-ʿUwa al-wuthqā''. Edited by Murtiḍā Burūjirdī. Qom: [n.p], 1421 AH.
+*Khūʾī, Sayyid Abū l-Qāsim al-. ''Al-Mustanad fī sharḥ al-ʿurwa al-wuthqā''. Edited by Murtiḍā Burūjirdī. Qom: [n.p], 1421 AH.
 *Majlisī, Muḥammad Bāqir al-. ''Biḥār al-anwār''. Beirut: Muʾassisat al-Ṭabʿ wa l-Nashr, 1410 AH.
 *Mūṣilī, ʿAbd Allāh b. Maḥmūd al-. ''Al-Ikhtīyār li-taʿlīl al-mukhtār''. Edited by Maḥmūd Abūdaqīqa. Istanbul: [n.p], 1984.