Ibn Hamza al-Tabari: Difference between revisions

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'''Ibn Ḥamza, Sharīf Ḥasan b. Ḥamza b. ʿAlī al-Ṭabarī al-Marʿashī ''' (Arabic:{{ia|أبن حَمْزه‌، شَریف حَسَن بن حَمزَه بن على الطَبَری المَرعَشى‌}}) (d. [[358]]/969) is a [[Shi'a]] [[faqih]] and [[hadith transmitter]] of the 4th/10th century. He traveled to [[Qom]], [[Rey]], [[Mecca]], and [[Kufa]] to learn Islamic Studies and benefited from great figures such as [[Ahmad b. Idris al-Qummi]] and [[Abu Ghanim Isma'il b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Harithi]]. [[Al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] and [[Ja'far b. Ahmad b. al-Razi]] are among his pupils in [[hadith]]. Although no one has explicitly said that he is Thiqa (reliable), [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]] and [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] have praised him for his asceticism, pity, and righteousness.  

Ibn Hamza is very important because his name is mentioned in the chain of narrators of many Hadiths. His name is mentioned as the narrator of the works of 95 [[muhaddith]]s described in ''[[Rijal]]'' by [[al-Najashi]] and six Muhaddiths described in ''[[al-Fihrist (al-Tusi)|al-Fihrist]] by [[al-Tusi]].

Several signs indicate that he started his education in Tabaristan and learned Hadith under his masters of Hadith (Mashayikh) including Abu l-'Abbas Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Dinawary and Abu Ja'far Muhammad b. Umidvar al-Tabari.  

Studying Ibn Hamza's masters in Hadiths shows that he has passed a period of his education in Qom and Rey. He has learned Hadith form [[Muhammad b. Ja'far al-Asadi al-Razi]], [[Ahmad b. Idris al-Qummi]] and [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Batta al-Qummi]].

The exact time of his return from Qom and Rey is not known; however, in 312/924 he was in Tabaristan, as [[Ibn Nuh al-Sirafi]] reported that he has learned Hadith in [[Amul]] during the reign of [[Ja'far b. Hasan Nasir]].

There is no information about his life from 312/924 to 328/939; nevertheless, it is guessed that after staying for a while in his hometown he has traveled to [[Iraq]] as in 328/939, he benefited from [[Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Sa'id b. 'Uqda]] and also in the same year [[Harun b. Musa al-Talla'ukburi]] has learned Hadiths from him.

In a story narrated by [[al-Ghada'iri]] form Ibn Hamza, he has mentioned his education process in Tabaristan, Qom and Rey and completion of his education in Iraq. Nonetheless, in an unknown time, perhaps during his stay in Iraq, he has gone to [[Hajj]] and learned Hadiths from Abu Ghanim [[Isma'il b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Harithi]] in [[Mecca]].

Other than the aforementioned names, great figures such as [[Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah Himyari]], [[Ali b. Ibrahim Qummi]], [[Ali b. Hatam al-Qazwini]] and [[Muhammad b. Jarir b. Rustam al-Tabari]] are among his masters in Hadith.

Without mentioning that whether he returned back to Tabaristan or not, [[al-Najashi]] reported that he passed away in 358/969. [[Ibn Isfandiyar]] said that his grave is in Amul; so he has returned from [[Baghdad]] to Tabaristan and passed away there.  

During the reign of Ardeshir, Baha' al-Din Mamtiri encouraged Ardeshir to rebuild Ibn Hamza's tomb.  

There is also no information about his life from 328/939 to 356/967. However, he has probably entered Qom and Rey on his way back from Baghdad to Tabaristan. Presumably, [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] and [[Ja'far b. Ahmad b. al-Razi]] have learned Hadith from him during this journey.

In 356/967, Ibn Hamza went to Baghdad and the masters of Hadiths in Baghdad learned Hadiths from him.

[[Ahmad b. Muhammad b. 'Ubayd Allah b. 'Ayyash al-Jawhari]], [[Muhammad b. Ahmad b. Shadhan al-Qummi]], [[Ahmad b. Ali b. Nuh al-Sirafi]], [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], [[Husayn b. 'Ubayd Allah al-Ghada'iri]] and [[Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Wahid b. 'Ubdun]] are among the narrators who have narrated Hadiths from him.

Although no one has explicitly said that he is Thiqa (reliable), al-Shaykh al-Mufid and al-Shaykh al-Tusi have praised him for his asceticism, piety and righteousness. Al-Najashi has mentioned him among the great figures of Shi'a. Moreover, [[Ibn Babawayh]] and Husayn b. 'Ubayd Allah al-Ghada'iri have used the phrase “God be pleased with him” (Radi Allah 'anh) after his name.  

Not only was he famous in Hadith, he was also known as [[faqih]]. In some sources he is introduced as genealogist, litterateur, poet and even Mutakallim ([[theologian]]). The titles of his lost works confirm some of these reports.  

He authored numerous works, such as ''al-Mabsut fi 'amal yawm wa layla'', ''al-Ashfiya fi ma'ani l-ghiyba and Tabashir al-Shari'a''.