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Hadith of Twelve Caliphs: Difference between revisions
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''' | '''Hadīth of Twelve Caliphs''' (Arabic:{{ia| حدیث إثنی عشر خلیفة}}) is a [[hadith]] by [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] according to which his [[caliph]]s or successors are only twelve people, all of whom are from [[Quraysh]]. | ||
The hadith was quoted with different wordings, and is taken as reliable by [[Sunni]] scholars of hadiths. The [[Shi'a]]s appeal to this hadith as evidence for the [[imamate]] of their [[twelve Imams (a)]]. Sunni scholars have no consensus over the instances of the twelve caliphs referred to by this hadith. | The hadith was quoted with different wordings, and is taken as reliable by [[Sunni]] scholars of hadiths. The [[Shi'a]]s appeal to this hadith as evidence for the [[imamate]] of their [[twelve Imams (a)]]. Sunni scholars have no consensus over the instances of the twelve caliphs referred to by this hadith. | ||
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The hadith known as that of the Twelve Caliphs has been narrated by different narrators of hadiths with different wordings, although they all have one and the same content. The content of the hadith is that after the Prophet Muhammad (s), twelve people will be his successors. In different versions of this hadith, words such as "khalifa" (caliph), "amir" (ruler), "naqib" (head), and "imam" are used. | The hadith known as that of the Twelve Caliphs has been narrated by different narrators of hadiths with different wordings, although they all have one and the same content. The content of the hadith is that after the Prophet Muhammad (s), twelve people will be his successors. In different versions of this hadith, words such as "khalifa" (caliph), "amir" (ruler), "naqib" (head), and "imam" are used. | ||
Hadith of Twelve Caliphs is cited in ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' from [[Jabir b. Samara]] from the Prophet (s) as Twelve Amirs (i.e. rulers), Jabir said, | Hadith of Twelve Caliphs is cited in ''[[Sahih al-Bukhari]]'' from [[Jabir b. Samara]] from the Prophet (s) as Twelve Amirs (i.e. rulers), Jabir said, | ||
This hadith is also cited in ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' with a slight variation as Twelve Caliphs. According to this book, the Prophet (s) said: "'Islam will always be respected as long as the Twelve Caliphs rule the Muslims'. He then said something that I did not hear, so I asked my father what the Prophet (s) said. He said that the Prophet (s) said | {{pull quote | ||
|{{center|{{iarabic|.جَابِر بْنَ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِی(ص)، یقُولُ: یکونُ اِثْنی عَشَرَ اَمیراً فَقالَ کلِمَهً لَمْ اَسْمَعْها، فَقالَ اَبی اِنَّهُ قالَ کلُّهُم مِنْ قُرَیشٍ}}}} | |||
I heard the Prophet (s) say: 'there will be Twelve Amirs (rulers)', and then he said a word that I did not hear, but my father said that the Prophet (s) had said: 'they are all from Quraysh. | |||
}} | |||
This hadith is also cited in ''[[Sahih Muslim]]'' with a slight variation as Twelve Caliphs. According to this book, the Prophet (s) said: "'Islam will always be respected as long as the Twelve Caliphs rule the Muslims'. He then said something that I did not hear, so I asked my father what the Prophet (s) said. He said that the Prophet (s) said, "They are all from Quraysh". This hadith is also cited in ''[[Sunan Abi Dawud]]'' and ''[[Sunan al-Tirmidhi]]''. | |||
A hadith is also cited in sources of hadiths from [['Abd Allah b. Mas'ud]] according to which the caliphs or Imams after the Prophet (s) are 12 people: the same number as the that of Israelite heads or naqibs. | A hadith is also cited in sources of hadiths from [['Abd Allah b. Mas'ud]] according to which the caliphs or Imams after the Prophet (s) are 12 people: the same number as the that of Israelite heads or naqibs. | ||