Al-Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini

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Al-Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini
Personal Information
Full NameAl-Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini
Well-Known RelativesMuhammad Baqir al-Musawi al-Qazwini
Birth1214/1799-1800
ResidenceQazvin, Karbala
Studied inKarbala, Najaf
Death1264/1847-8
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsSayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i, Sharif al-Din Muhammad Amuli Mazandarani


Al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm al-Mūsawi al-Qazwīnī (Persian: السيد ابراهيم الموسوي القزويني), Ibn Muhammad Baqir Musawi (b. 1214/1799-1800 d. 1264/1847-8) was a Shi'a faqih and a scholar of usul, and he was the author of Zawabit al-usul. His father was a Musawi sayyid in the city of Khuyin, which was a village near Qazvin.

Biography

Ibrahim was born in Qazvin. He migrated to Kermanshah with his father when he was a child. He studied the preliminaries with scholars and teachers there. He then moved to Iraq and resided in Karbala.

Teachers

He studied with Sayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i (the author of ''Al-riyaḍ''), and he then studied usul al-fiqh with Sharif al-Din Muhammad Amuli Mazandarani, known as "Sharif al-'Ulama'" (d. 1246/1830-1).

He then moved to Najaf in order to study Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). He studied there with Shaykh 'Ali Al-i Kashif al-Ghita' (d. 1253/1837-8), Shaykh Musa Al-i Kashif al-Ghita' (d. 1243/1827-8), and Sayyid Muhammad al-Mujahid, the author of Al-manahil.

Teaching

After a while, Qazwini returned to Karbala. He was then a well-known scholar and mujtahid. He started his teaching in Sardar seminary school, and he had many pupils.

Shiite Authority

When Qazwini's teacher, Sharif al-'Ulama', died, Qazvini took his place. Soon he became the Shi'a authority followed by Iraqi, Iranian and Indian Shi'as.

Position against Shaykhiyya

Around 1260/1884-5, controversies over Shaykhiyya (followers of Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i and Sayyid Kazim Rashti, rose in Karbala. Qazwini opposed this group, and so he underwent a lot of pressure. Since life in Karbala became more and more difficult for him, he had to move to Kazimayn, but he returned to Karbala after a while.

Students

Qazwini's courses were very popular. Many well-known scholars of Iran and Iraq in the 13th/19th century attended his courses, including:

Works

Here are some works of Qazwini:

  1. Zawabit al-'usul which is the scripts of Sharif al-'Ulama's courses in usul that have been published in Tehran in 1271/1854-5.
  2. Dala'il al-ahkam fi sharh-i shara'i' al-Islam, available as manuscripts in the library of Majlis, Tehran's Malik Library, Vaziri Library in Yazd, and the Royal Isiyatik Library of Bengal.
  3. Nata'ij al-afkar concerning usul, that has been printed many times.
  4. An essay in fiqh, that is available as a manuscript in the Central Library of Tehran University, and Tehran's Sepahsalar Library.

Works Attributed to Qazwini

Here are some works attributed to Qazwini:

  1. Sala al-jumu'a (Friday Prayer)
  2. Al-qawa'id al-fiqhiyya (Rules of fiqh)
  3. Al-risala al-rada'iyya (an essay in breastfeeding)
  4. Al-fiqh al-istidlali
  5. Risala 'amaliyya
  6. Hujjiyya al-zann (reliability of probable beliefs)
  7. And some Arabic or Farsi essays regarding prayers, hajj, the forbiddenness of gossiping (ghiba), cleanliness (tahara), and fasting (sawm).

References