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Draft:Mosque of Ali b. Abi Talib (Medina)

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Mosque of Ali b. Abi Talib (Medina)
General Information
Established1st century AH
TypeMosque
LocationMedina
Specifications
StatusActive
Area882 square meters
Architecture
StyleIslamic
RenovationIn various centuries


Mosque of ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (Arabic: مسجد علي بن أبي طالب) is a mosque in Medina in the Manakha region where Prophet Muhammad (s) performed the Eid prayer in the sixth year of Hijra (6/627). This mosque was built during the time of Umar b. Abd al-Aziz in 87/706 and has been repaired in various centuries. According to historical sources, Imam Ali (a) performed the Eid prayer in this place during the siege of Uthman b. Affan. Pilgrims also visit this place during the Hajj season to perform prayer.

This mosque has been reconstructed several times in different years, until it was completely demolished and rebuilt in 1411/1990-1. The current area of this mosque is 882 square meters, which is much larger than the old structure. The Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib is located along the southwest of al-Masjid al-Nabawi and near the Al-Ghamama Mosque.


There is another mosque with the same name on the slopes of Mount Salʿ in Medina (located south of the Mosque of Salman al-Farsi), which was built at the place of worship of Imam ʿAli (a) during the Battle of the Trench.

History and Significance

According to historical sources, after entering Medina, Prophet Muhammad (s) used to perform the prayers of Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, or Istisqa (prayer for rain)[1] in the Manakha region in an open space without walls,[2] which is today called Masjid al-Muṣalla.[3] According to historians, the Prophet (s) performed Eid prayers in different parts of Manakha[4] and in the sixth year of Hijra, he prayed in a place that came to be named the Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib.[5] According to another account, the Prophet (s) performed Eid prayer in this place for two years.[6]

Historians report that Imam Ali (a) also performed the Eid prayer in this place during the siege of ʿUthman by his opponents.[7] According to Ali Asghar Qa'idan, the author of the book History of Islamic Sites in Mecca and Medina, Muslims built several mosques in Manakha to honor and preserve the location of the Prophet's (s) prayer,[8] and the Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib was built as an Eidgah mosque[9] during the time of Umar b. Abd al-Aziz in 87/706.[10] This mosque is located along the southwest, 300 meters from Al-Masjid al-Nabawi and 122 meters from Al-Ghamama Mosque.[11] During the Hajj days, pilgrims go to this mosque to perform prayers.[12]

Reconstruction

According to Rasul Ja'fariyan, a Shi'a history researcher, the Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib was repaired repeatedly throughout different centuries.[13] In the 9th/15th century, the mosque was falling into ruin, and pilgrims who passed away in that area were buried there.[14] Eventually, in 881/1476, it was repaired by the Emir of Medina, Zayn al-Din Daygham Mansuri.[15] The rulers of the Ottoman era paid special attention to the repair and preservation of the Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib.[16] According to a Shia News report, it was rebuilt again in 1296/1879 during the time of Sultan Abdülmecid I.[17] In recent years, the ancient structure of this mosque was demolished, and in 1411/1990, it was completely rebuilt to three times the size of the previous structure, covering an area of 690 square meters.[18]

Architecture

The current area of the Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib is 882 square meters.[19] The building of this mosque is rectangular; its length from east to west reaches 35 meters, and its width reaches 9 meters. This mosque has a portico that leads to a small chamber from both the west and east sides. A door from the northern side opens to a rectangular courtyard. The ceiling of its portico has five domes, and the dome of the Mihrab is located above it.[20] The Mihrab is inclined towards the Qibla and is three meters high. The minaret of the mosque is located in the eastern part of the mosque near the entrance and is tall. This mosque is built of basalt stone and covered with white sheet and lime, and it's eastern wall is covered with black stone.[21]

Mosque of Ali b. Abi Talib (a) at the Foot of Mount Sal'

Mosque of Imam Ali (a) at Mount Sal'

In the northwest of Medina, at the foot of Mount Salʿ, there are a number of mosques called the Seven Mosques (Masajid al-Fatḥ).[22] The commanders of the Islamic army were stationed at several points on Mount Salʿ during the Battle of the Trench (Khandaq), and according to another narration, they prayed in that place, and later mosques were built at the place of their worship. One of those mosques is the Mosque of 'Ali b. Abi Talib (a), which is located south of the Mosque of Salman al-Farsi.[23] It is reported that Imam Ali (a) prayed in this place during the nights of the Battle of the Trench and guarded Medina.[24]

Notes

  1. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 256.
  2. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 317.
  3. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 317.
  4. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, 2006, vol. 3, p. 4; Ibn Shabba, Tārīkh al-Madīna, 1399 AH, vol. 1, p. 133.
  5. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 257.
  6. ↑ Gharawī Qūchānī & Khuwaylid, "Masājid-i tārīkhī-yi Madīna-yi Munawwara", p. 118.
  7. ↑ Samhūdī, Wafāʾ al-wafā, 2006, vol. 3, p. 6.
  8. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 256.
  9. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 317.
  10. ↑ ISNA, Closed door of the Mosque of Imam Ali (a) in Medina; Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p.319.
  11. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 319.
  12. ↑ Rasa News Agency, Mosque of Imam Ali b. Abi Talib (a) in Medina Munawwara.
  13. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 319.
  14. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 259.
  15. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 320.
  16. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 259.
  17. ↑ Shia News, Mosque of Ali b. Abi Talib (a), a lonely place in Medina Munawwara.
  18. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 320; Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 259.
  19. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 320.
  20. ↑ Shia News, Mosque of Ali b. Abi Talib (a), a lonely place in Medina Munawwara.
  21. ↑ Shia News, Mosque of Ali b. Abi Talib (a), a lonely place in Medina Munawwara.
  22. ↑ Jaʿfariyān, Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna, 1390 Sh, p. 320.
  23. ↑ Qāʾidān, Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara, 1389 Sh, p. 264.
  24. ↑ Qummī, Safīnat al-biḥār, 1414 AH, vol. 4, p. 79.

References

  • Gharawī Qūchānī, Yūsuf & ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Khuwaylid. "Masājid-i tārīkhī-yi Madīna-yi Munawwara". Mīqāt-i Ḥajj. No. 20, Summer 1376 Sh.
  • Ibn Shabba, ʿUmar. Tārīkh al-Madīna. Edited by Muḥammad Shaltūt. Jeddah, n.p., 1399 AH.
  • ISNA. "Dar-i basta-yi masjid-i Ḥaḍrat-i ʿAlī (a) dar Madīna", Accessed: October 20, 2024.
  • Jaʿfariyān, Rasūl. Āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka wa Madīna. Tehran, Mashʿar, 1390 Sh.
  • Minqarī, Naṣr b. Muzāḥim. Wafāʾ al-wafā bi-akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā. Qom, Maktabat Āyatullāh al-Marʿashī al-Najafī, n.d.
  • Qāʾidān, Aṣghar. Tārīkh-i āthār-i Islāmī-yi Makka-yi Mukarrama wa Madīna-yi Munawwara. Qom, Muʾassisa-yi Farhangī-yi Hunarī-yi Mashʿar, 11th ed., 1389 Sh.
  • Qummī, ʿAbbās. Safīnat al-biḥār. Qom, Uswa, 1st ed., 1414 AH.
  • Rasa News Agency. "Masjid-i Imām ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (a) dar Madīna-yi Munawwara", Published: May 28, 2024, Accessed: October 21, 2024.
  • Samhūdī, ʿAlī b. ʿAbd Allāh. Wafāʾ al-wafā bi-akhbār Dār al-Muṣṭafā. Edited by Khālid ʿAbd al-Ghanī. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 2006.
  • Shia News. "Masjid-i ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib (a) ghurbatkada-ī dar Madīna-yi Munawwara", Published: August 30, 2015, Accessed: October 19, 2024.
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