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Ibn Abi Tayy

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Ibn Abi Tayy
Personal Information
EpithetIbn Abi Tayy al-Halabi
Birth575/1179
Deathc. 630/1233
Scholarly Information
ProfessorsIbn Shahrashub • Taj Ali Ashraf b. A'azz
WorksMa'adin al-dhahab • Akhbar shu'ara' al-Shi'a • Bayan al-ma'alim • Tarikh al-'ulama


Ibn Abi Tayy, Yaḥyā b. Ḥamīd (Ḥumayda) b. Ẓāfir al-Ṭāʾī al-Ḥalabī al-Ghassānī (Arabic: ابن أبي طي، يحيی بن حمید (حُمَیده) بن ظافر الطائي الحلبي الغساني) (b. 575/1179 - d. c. 630/1233) was a Shi'a historian and man of letters from Aleppo. He studied under scholars such as Ibn Shahrashub and Taj Ali Ashraf b. A'azz and authored many works, the most important of which is a renowned history book titled Ma'adin al-dhahab fi tarikh al-muluk wa l-khulafa' wa dhawi l-rutab.

Birth and Lineage

Ibn Abi Tayy al-Halabi was born in Aleppo.[1] According to Yaqut, who met with him in Aleppo in the year619/1222,[2] Yahya's father had no children; however, on the night of Yahya's birth, a slave girl took him to the roof, excessive crying in the cold caused the child's eyes to turn white after much crying, leading to eye pain later in his life.[3] Some reports indicate that Yahya's father was a carpenter and held a special status among the carpenters of Aleppo.[4]

Education

Yahya learned the recitation of the Qur'an from his father and learned Imami jurisprudence from Ibn Shahrashub.[5] He gained proficiency in usul al-fiqh, lexicograph as well as other sciences[6] and also studied Nahj al-balagha under Taj 'Ali Ashraf b. A'azz (or Agharr) along with some of Taj Ali's poetry.[7] Ibn Abi Tayy was skilled in composing poetry; he composed poems in praise of al-Malik al-Zahir b. Salah al-Din (the governor of Aleppo: 582/1186 - 613/1216) and was among his poets and close associates.[8]

Writings

From 597/1201, Ibn Abi Tayy engaged in teaching children and made writing and compilation his profession and a means of earning his livelihood.[9] Ibn Khallikan called him the "Man of Letters of Aleppo" and referred to his history as the "Great History" (al-Tarikh al-kabir).[10] Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani reports that Ibn Abi Tayy made writing a means of subsistence and would rename others' works with modifications, presenting them in excellent handwriting.[11] The Encyclopaedia of Islam states the same regarding Ibn Abi Tayy's works; however, according to Agha Buzurg Tihrani, these accusations were likely leveled against Ibn Abi Tayy due to Yaqut's specific beliefs regarding Imam Ali (a)—which led to his expulsion from Syria[12]—without specific sources being mentioned in this regard.[13] Ibn Abi Tayy's most important work is Ma'adin al-dhahab fi tarikh al-muluk wa l-khulafa' wa dhawi l-rutab, parts of which were later used and preserved by historians such as Ibn al-Furat and Abu Shama.[14] Other historians who benefited from his work include Ibn Khallikan,[15] Ibn al-Shihna,[16] Raghib,[17] Safadi[18] and al-Dhahabi.[19] This work includes chapters dedicated to the rule of Salah al-Din and his son al-Zahir, providing important information about the history of Sham, the Crusades, Iran, Egypt and Iraq. However, no copy of the original book has been found yet.

Other Works

A number of Ibn Abi Tayy's other works mentioned in books after him include:

  • Akhbar shu'ara' al-Shi'a or Akhbar al-shu'ara' al-sab'a[20]
  • Bayan al-ma'alim[21]
  • Tarikh al-'ulama' [22]
  • Tarikh Misr[23]
  • Tahdhib al-isti'ab of Qurṭubī[24]
  • Al-Hawi fi rijal al-Imamiyya[25]
  • Hawadith al-zaman in 5 volumes, arranged alphabetically[26]
  • Khulasat al-khalas fi adab al-khawas in 10 volumes[27]
  • Ruwat al-Shi'a[28]
  • Silk al-nizam fi akhbar al-sham[29]
  • Commentary on Nahj al-balagha in 6 volumes[30]
  • Tabaqat al-Imamiyya, from which Ibn Hajar quotes regarding the Companion Yaghuth[31]

A detailed list of other works by Ibn Abi Tayy is provided in Fawat al-wafayat.[32]

Notes

  1. ↑ Ḥājī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn, 1429 AH, vol. 1, p. 27.
  2. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 264.
  3. ↑ Kutbī, Fawāt al-wafayāt, 1973, vol. 4, p. 269.
  4. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 263.
  5. ↑ Kutbī, Fawāt al-wafayāt, 1973, vol. 4, p. 269.
  6. ↑ Dujaylī, Aʿlām al-ʿArab, 1386 AH, vol. 2, p. 56.
  7. ↑ Ṣafadī, Al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1421 AH, vol. 10, p. 273; Ṣafadī, Nakt al-himyān, 1428 AH, p. 120.
  8. ↑ Dujaylī, Aʿlām al-ʿArab, 1386 AH, vol. 2, p. 56; Barq, p. 386.
  9. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 363.
  10. ↑ Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, 1364 Sh, vol. 1, p. 259.
  11. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 263.
  12. ↑ Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, 1364 Sh, vol. 6, pp. 127-128.
  13. ↑ Ṭahrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, 1430 AH, p. 205.
  14. ↑ Ibn al-Furāt, Tārīkh Ibn al-Furāt, 1970, vol. 4, pp. 29, 65, 94-95.
  15. ↑ Ibn Khallikān, Wafayāt al-aʿyān, 1364 Sh, vol. 1, p. 259.
  16. ↑ Ibn al-Shiḥna, Al-Durr al-muntakhab, 1909, p. 85.
  17. ↑ Ṭabbākh, Iʿlām al-nubalāʾ, 1408 AH, vol. 4, p. 378; vol. 1, p. 362.
  18. ↑ Ṣafadī, Nakt al-himyān, 1428 AH, p. 120; Ṣafadī, Al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1421 AH, vol. 10, p. 373.
  19. ↑ Dhahabī, Al-ʿIbar, 1961, vol. 3, p. 114.
  20. ↑ Ḥājī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn, 1429 AH, vol. 1, p. 27; Ṭahrānī, Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa, 1430 AH, p. 206.
  21. ↑ Naṣrallāh, Ḥalab wa l-tashayyuʿ, 1403 AH, p. 181.
  22. ↑ Ṣafadī, Al-Wāfī bi-l-wafayāt, 1421 AH, vol. 1, p. 53.
  23. ↑ Ḥājī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn, 1429 AH, vol. 1, p. 304.
  24. ↑ Ṭabbākh, Iʿlām al-nubalāʾ, 1408 AH, vol. 4, p. 378.
  25. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 264.
  26. ↑ Ḥājī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn, 1429 AH, vol. 1, p. 693.
  27. ↑ Kutbī, Fawāt al-wafayāt, 1973, vol. 4, p. 270.
  28. ↑ Ḥājī Khalīfa, Kashf al-ẓunūn, 1429 AH, vol. 2, p. 1099.
  29. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 264.
  30. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Lisān al-mīzān, 1407 AH, vol. 6, p. 263.
  31. ↑ ʿAsqalānī, Al-Iṣāba, 1415 AH, vol. 3, p. 670.
  32. ↑ Kutbī, Fawāt al-wafayāt, 1973, vol. 4, pp. 270-271.

References

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  • ʿAsqalānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Ḥajar al-. Al-Iṣāba fī tamyīz al-ṣaḥāba. Beirut, Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1415 AH.
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  • Ṭabbākh, Muḥammad Rāghib al-. Iʿlām al-nubalāʾ bi-tārīkh Ḥalab al-shahbāʾ. Aleppo, Dār al-Qalam al-ʿArabī, 1408 AH.
  • Ṭahrānī, Muḥammad Muḥsin Āghā Buzurg al-. Ṭabaqāt aʿlām al-Shīʿa. Beirut, Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī, 1430 AH.
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