Al-Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini

This article is about Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini. For other person named Ibrahim Qazwini, see Ibrahim Qazwini (disambiguation).

Al-Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini

Personal Information
Full Name	Al-Sayyid Ibrahim al-Musawi al-Qazwini
Well-Known Relatives	Muhammad Baqir al-Musawi al-Qazwini
Birth	1214/1799-1800
Residence	Qazvin, Karbala
Studied in	Karbala, Najaf
Death	1264/1847-8
Scholarly Information
Professors	Sayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i, Sharif al-Din Muhammad Amuli Mazandarani
Students	Sayyid Husayn Turk Kuhkamari, Zayn al-'Abidin Tabarsi Barfurushi, Mulla 'Ali Kani, Sayyid 'Asadullah Shafti Isfahani, ...
Works	Zawabit al-usul, Sala al-jumu'a, ...
Socio-Political Activities
Socio-Political Activities	He opposed Shaykhiyya

Al-Sayyid Ibrāhīm al-Mūsawi al-Qazwīnī (Persian: السيد ابراهيم الموسوي القزويني), Ibn Muhammad Baqir Musawi (b. 1214/1799-1800 d. 1264/1847-8) was a Shi'a faqih and a scholar of usul, and he was the author of Zawabit al-usul. His father was a Musawi sayyid in the city of Khuyin, which was a village near Qazvin.

Biography

Ibrahim was born in Qazvin. He migrated to Kermanshah with his father when he was a child. He studied the preliminaries with scholars and teachers there. He then moved to Iraq and resided in Karbala.

Teachers

He studied with Sayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i (the author of ''Al-riyaḍ''), and he then studied usul al-fiqh with Sharif al-Din Muhammad Amuli Mazandarani, known as "Sharif al-'Ulama'" (d. 1246/1830-1).

He then moved to Najaf in order to study Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh). He studied there with Shaykh 'Ali Al-i Kashif al-Ghita' (d. 1253/1837-8), Shaykh Musa Al-i Kashif al-Ghita' (d. 1243/1827-8), and Sayyid Muhammad al-Mujahid, the author of Al-manahil.

Teaching

After a while, Qazwini returned to Karbala. He was then a well-known scholar and mujtahid. He started his teaching in Sardar seminary school, and he had many pupils.

Shiite Authority

When Qazwini's teacher, Sharif al-'Ulama', died, Qazvini took his place. Soon he became the Shi'a authority followed by Iraqi, Iranian and Indian Shi'as.

Position against Shaykhiyya

Around 1260/1884-5, controversies over Shaykhiyya (followers of Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsa'i and Sayyid Kazim Rashti, rose in Karbala. Qazwini opposed this group, and so he underwent a lot of pressure. Since life in Karbala became more and more difficult for him, he had to move to Kazimayn, but he returned to Karbala after a while.

Students

Qazwini's courses were very popular. Many well-known scholars of Iran and Iraq in the 13th/19th century attended his courses, including:

1. Sayyid Husayn Turk Kuhkamari
2. Zayn al-'Abidin Tabarsi Barfurushi
3. Mulla 'Ali Kani
4. Sayyid 'Asadullah Shafti Isfahani
5. 'Abd al-Husayn Razi
6. Mahdi Kajuri
7. Muhsin Ardabili
8. Muhammad Baqir Khwansari
9. Abu al-Hasan Tunikabuni
10. Mirza Muhammad Tunikabuni
11. Muhammad Karim Mujtahid Lahiji
12. 'Ali Muhammad Turk
13. Mirza Muhammad Hasan Sarawi
14. Mirza Rida Damghani
15. Muhammad Tahir Gilani
16. Muhammad Sadiq Turk
17. Mirza Salih 'Arab.

Works

Here are some works of Qazwini:

1. Zawabit al-'usul which is the scripts of Sharif al-'Ulama's courses in usul that have been published in Tehran in 1271/1854-5.
2. Dala'il al-ahkam fi sharh-i shara'i' al-Islam, available as manuscripts in the library of Majlis, Tehran's Malik Library, Vaziri Library in Yazd, and the Royal Isiyatik Library of Bengal.
3. Nata'ij al-afkar concerning usul, that has been printed many times.
4. An essay in fiqh, that is available as a manuscript in the Central Library of Tehran University, and Tehran's Sepahsalar Library.

Works Attributed to Qazwini

Here are some works attributed to Qazwini:

1. Sala al-jumu'a (Friday Prayer)
2. Al-qawa'id al-fiqhiyya (Rules of fiqh)
3. Al-risala al-rada'iyya (an essay in breastfeeding)
4. Al-fiqh al-istidlali
5. Risala 'amaliyya
6. Hujjiyya al-zann (reliability of probable beliefs)
7. And some Arabic or Farsi essays regarding prayers, hajj, the forbiddenness of gossiping (ghiba), cleanliness (tahara), and fasting (sawm).