Muhammad Sadiq Ha'iri Shirazi
 | |
| Personal Information | |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Muhammad Sadiq (Muhyi l-Din) Ha'iri Shirazi |
| Religious Affiliation | Shi'a Islam |
| Birth | February 1, 1937 |
| Place of Birth | Shiraz |
| Studied in | Shiraz, Qom |
| Death | December 20, 2017 |
| Burial Place | Qom, Holy Shrine of Lady Fatima al-Ma'suma (a) |
| Scholarly Information | |
| Professors | Ayatollah Burujirdi, Imam Khomeini, Sayyid Muhammad Damad, Ayatollah Araki |
| Socio-Political Activities | |
| Socio-Political Activities | Representative of Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majlis), Imam of the Friday Prayer in Shiraz, Representative of the Assembly of Experts of Leadership |
Muḥammad Ṣādiq Ḥā'irī Shīrāzī (1937-2017), (Arabic: محمدصادق حائری شیرازی), was an active clergy during the Islamic Revolution of Iran and a teacher of ethics in the Islamic seminary of Qom. He was a representative of the people of Shiraz in the first term of the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran (Majlis), as well as in the first, second, and fourth terms of the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership.
When Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Dastghayb was martyred, he was appointed by Imam Khomeini as the Imam of Friday Prayer in Shiraz, and then he was appointed as Imam Khomeini's representative in the city. His teachers in the Islamic seminary of Qom include Ayatollah Burujirdi, Sayyid Muhammad Damad, and Imam Khomeini.
After the demise of Imam Khomeini, Ha'iri Shirazi was the first speaker who talked against a "council of leaders" in the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership.
Life and Education
Muhammad Sadiq (Muhyi l-Din) Ha'iri Shirazi was born in Shiraz on February 1, 1937. He claimed that he was a progeny of al-Muqaddas al-Ardabili. His father, Abd al-Husayn, was born in Karbala, and his mother was among Sadat who allegedly descend from Safi al-Din Ardabili. His father was a student of Sayyid Isma'il al-Sadr and Sayyid Sadr al-Din al-Sadr in Iraq.
Ha'iri Shirazi finished his preliminary and intermediate studies in Mansuriyya and Mahmudiyya and then Aqa Babakhan schools in Shiraz. He was prevented by the Pahlavi regime from studying at the university because of his political activities. After that, he began studying in the Islamic seminary in 1335 sh/1956-7. He studied in the Islamic seminary of Shiraz for three years, attending lectures by teachers such as Baha' al-Din Mahallati and Muhammad Ali Muwahhid. He then migrated to Qom, where he attended the courses of Ayatollah Burujirdi, Imam Khomeini, Sayyid Muhammad Damad, Ayatollah Araki, and Mirza Hashim Amuli.
Since 1350 sh/1971-2, he began to teach Islamic beliefs, sociological issues, issues of training, and Nahj al-Balagha in Qom. He mostly taught in the Haqqani Islamic Seminary, Maktab Tawhid (for women), and Radawiyya Islamic Seminary. In different periods, and in particular, after his resignation from the Imamate of the Friday Prayer in Shiraz, he was known as a teacher of ethics in the Islamic Seminary of Qom.
In 1348 sh/1969-70, he married the daughter of Ayatollah Sayyid Nur al-Din Husayni Shirazi. They had six sons and one daughter.
He spent the last years of his life in Qom. On December 20, 2017, he died in Qom after a period of illness. Ayatollah Shubayri Zanjani performed the funeral prayer on his corpse, and he was buried in the Holy Shrine of Lady Fatima al-Ma'suma (a).
Activities against the Pahlavi Regime
Ha'iri Shirazi participated in political campaigns against the Pahlavi regime in the years after the banishment of Imam Khomeini to Turkey. Since 1342 sh/1963-4, he held meetings with young people – high school and university students – in the Shamshirgar-ha Mosque in Shiraz, and because of this, he was arrested, imprisoned, and banished from the city several times. After his arrest in spring 1972, he was banished to Fuman for six months, during which he, his wife, and his children lived in the house of Ayatollah Bahjat's sister.
After the Islamic Revolution in Iran
After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Ha'iri Shirazi was elected by the people of Shiraz as their representative in the first term of the Islamic Consultative Assembly (Majlis). During this term, he was the head of the Commission of Article 90. Moreover, he was elected by the people of Fars province as their representative in the first, second, and fourth terms of the Assembly of Experts of Leadership.
After Sayyid Abd al-Husayn Dastghayb, he was appointed by Imam Khomeini as the Imam of the Friday Prayer in Shiraz on December 31, 1981.
In a meeting held after the demise of Imam Khomeini in order to select the new supreme leader, Ha'iri Shirazi spoke as the first opponent of a "council of leaders".
In 1387 sh/2008-9, Ha'iri Shirazi resigned from his position as the Imam of the Friday Prayer in Shiraz.
Social and Cultural Activities
Ha'iri Shirazi published over twenty books. Moreover, he initiated and operationalized a number of economic and cultural projects.
Project of Farming in Spare Times
In 1376 sh/1997-8, Ha'iri Shirazi initiated a project for farming in his spare time. In the same year, he founded an institute under "Falahat dar Faraghat" (farming in spare times) in Fars province. The project was based on the idea that people plant trees and make gardening in their daily spare time. The project aimed to encourage more participation in the country's production, creating jobs, exports, prevention of the destruction of the soil, desert greening, deployment of floods, and other natural resources. He believed that if the project was implemented, all deserts and natural spaces would turn into trees, the capacity for keeping water from raining would increase, and in different climates, all capacities are exploited for planting trees. Ha'iri believed that the ultimate goal of the project was to transfer lands from the government to the people, which he thought was advantageous. The project was highly criticized.
Another project proposed by Ha'iri Shirazi was "Intizar Mihr" (Hope for Kindness) and continuous teaching of modern sciences to Imams of Friday Prayers in Iran.
References
- The material for this article is mainly taken from محمدصادق حائری شیرازی in Farsi WikiShia.