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Ulu l-'Azm: Difference between revisions
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'''Ulu l-ʿAzm''' (Arabic: {{ia|أولو العَزم}}, literally: the determined or steadfast) refers to a group of [[prophets]]. The term has occurred once in the [[Qur'an]], [[Sura al-Ahqaf]], verse 35. Different views have been proposed about the instances of "Ulu l-'Azm" prophets and whether they have a global mission or a more local one. It is widely held that the term refers to the five prophets who had their own [[sharia]]: [[Nuh (a)]] (Noah), [[Ibrahim (a)]] (Abraham, [[Musa (a)]] (Moses), [['Isa (a)]] (Jesus), and [[Muhammad (s)]]. | '''Ulu l-ʿAzm''' (Arabic: {{ia|أولو العَزم}}, literally: the determined or steadfast) refers to a group of [[prophets]]. The term has occurred once in the [[Qur'an]], [[Sura al-Ahqaf]], verse 35. Different views have been proposed about the instances of "Ulu l-'Azm" prophets and whether they have a global mission or a more local one. It is widely held that the term refers to the five prophets who had their own [[sharia]]: [[Nuh (a)]] (Noah), [[Ibrahim (a)]] (Abraham, [[Musa (a)]] (Moses), [['Isa (a)]] (Jesus), and [[Muhammad (s)]]. | ||
== | ==Definition== | ||
"Ulu" means possessors or owners, and "'Azm" means steadfastness or strong will. In his ''[[al-Mufradat (book)|al-Mufradat]]'', al-Raghib al-Isfahani says: "'Azm" means the determination to do something. three views have been proposed as to the meaning of "Ulu l-'Azm" and the prophets to whom the term refers: | "Ulu" means possessors or owners, and "'Azm" means steadfastness or strong will. In his ''[[al-Mufradat (book)|al-Mufradat]]'', al-Raghib al-Isfahani says: "'Azm" means the determination to do something. three views have been proposed as to the meaning of "Ulu l-'Azm" and the prophets to whom the term refers: | ||
* ''' | * '''Patience''': some people take "'Azm" to mean patience (or steadfastness), and thus, they believe that "Ulu l-'Azm" prophets are called so because they were patient in the face of difficulties and troubles on their way to propagate divine rulings. The view might be supported by the Verse of Ulu l-'Azm because in this verse, patience is referred to as a prominent characteristic of these prophets. | ||
* '''Holders of a Pledge''': some people appeal to the verse and some [[hadiths]] to take "'Azm" to mean pledge or promise. They have also appealed to some other Quranic verses, such as [[Sura al-Ahzab]], verse 7, which points to a pledge taken from great prophets such as Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad, peace be upon them. Some [[exegetes]] of the Qur'an hold that the pledge in this verse is a particular pledge tied to the [[prophethood]] of these prophets, but the five prophets are singled out because of their being "Ulu l-'Azm" and owners of a new sharia. If "'Azm" is taken to mean pledge, then "Ulu l-'Azm" prophets will be those from whom God has taken the pledge of absolute obedience or the pledge for the [[wilaya]] of the Prophet (s) and his [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. | * '''Holders of a Pledge''': some people appeal to the verse and some [[hadiths]] to take "'Azm" to mean pledge or promise. They have also appealed to some other Quranic verses, such as [[Sura al-Ahzab]], verse 7, which points to a pledge taken from great prophets such as Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad, peace be upon them. Some [[exegetes]] of the Qur'an hold that the pledge in this verse is a particular pledge tied to the [[prophethood]] of these prophets, but the five prophets are singled out because of their being "Ulu l-'Azm" and owners of a new sharia. If "'Azm" is taken to mean pledge, then "Ulu l-'Azm" prophets will be those from whom God has taken the pledge of absolute obedience or the pledge for the [[wilaya]] of the Prophet (s) and his [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]]. | ||