Marja': Difference between revisions

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 {{Shi'a Beliefs-Vertical}}
-'''Marjaʿ''' (Arabic: {{ia|المرجع}}; literally: authority to which one refers) is a [[mujtahid|jurist and religious scholar]] whose [[fatwa|edicts]] (fatwas) about [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] issues are followed and acted upon by a group of [[Shi'a]] and to whom his followers give their [[al-wujuhat al-shar'iyya|religious taxes and fines]]. '''Al-Marjaʿīyya''' (Arabic: {{ia|المَرجَعیّة}}, literally: religious authority) is the position of giving edicts and is the highest religious ranking for [[Twelver Shi'a]]s. The position is not held by appointment. The Shi'as usually make inquiries about the person who qualifies as an authority by consulting with religious scholars and clergies. The most crucial condition to qualify for marja'iyya is [[a'lamiyya|scholarly superiority]] to other jurists. A follower of a marja' is called his "muqallids" (who adopts marja's edicts).
+'''Marjaʿ''' (Arabic: {{ia|المرجع}}; lit. authority to which one refers) is a [[mujtahid|jurist and religious scholar]] whose [[fatwa|edicts]] (fatwas) about [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] issues are followed and acted upon by a group of [[Shi'a]] and to whom his followers give their [[al-wujuhat al-shar'iyya|religious taxes and fines]]. '''Al-Marjaʿīyya''' (Arabic: {{ia|المَرجَعیّة}}, lit. religious authority) is the position of giving edicts and is the highest religious ranking for [[Twelver Shi'a]]s. The position is not held by appointment. The Shi'as usually make inquiries about the person who qualifies as an authority by consulting with religious scholars and clergies. The most crucial condition to qualify for marja'iyya is [[a'lamiyya|scholarly superiority]] to other jurists. A follower of a marja' is called his "muqallids" (who adopts marja's edicts).
 Given the demographic, several [[mujtahid]]s (jurists) usually undertake the position of marja'iyya in each period, and in very few cases, one mujtahid is considered by the majority of the Shi'as in the world as the absolute authority. These jurists are usually referred to by honorary titles, such as ayatollah and grand [[ayatollah]]. Most of the Shiite authorities were based in [[Iraq]] ([[Najaf]], [[Karbala]], and [[Samarra]]) and [[Iran]] ([[Qom]], [[Mashhad]], [[Isfahan]], and [[Tehran]]).