Intellect: Difference between revisions

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'''Intellect''' or '''reason''' (Arabic: {{ia|العَقل}}) is a human cognitive faculty and one of [[the Four Sources]] for the deduction of the laws of [[sharia]] or jurisprudential rulings. According to epistemologists, the intellect is a faculty which cognizes general concepts and has two functions: intuition (cognition of self-evident propositions) and reasoning (discovery of theoretical knowledge). The intellect or reason is of two kinds: theoretical and practical. The theoretical reason cognizes the facts—what is there—and the practical reason has a prescriptive or imperative function—what ought or ought not to be done. According to some [[hadith]]s, the intellect is particularly significant, counting as [[God]]'s proofs for human beings along with the [[prophets]]. Also, along with the [[Qur'an]], the [[tradition]], and [[consensus]], the intellect counts as one of the Four Sources for the deduction of jurisprudential rulings in the [[Shiite]] fiqh. Shiite scholars prove some principles and rules of [[fiqh]] (jurisprudence) and [[usul al-fiqh]] (principles of jurisprudence) on the basis of intellectual reasoning.