Mecca: Difference between revisions

Appearance of the local autonomous Shi'ite rule of Banu al-Hasan over Mecca perfectly shows the situation of Shi'ism in this city.<ref>R. MORTEL, ''Zaydi shiism and the Hasanid Sharifs of Mecca'', p. 455-472.</ref> In 10/631-2. Mecca was the center of Shi'ism as [[Ibn Hajar al-Haytami]] stated that his purpose in writing ''al-Sawa'iq al-muhrriqa'' was expansion and growth of Shi'ite Muslims in Mecca.<ref>Marco Salati, ''Tārīkh-i tashayyuʿ dar Makka'', p. 66.</ref> Ibn Jubayr (b. 540/1145-6 - d. 614/1217-8) stated in his travel account that in his journey to Mecca, the Emir of the city declared the start of [[Ramadan]] month based on religious rules of Alavi Shi'ites.<ref>Ibn Jubayr, ''Tadhkīr bi akhbār an ittifāqāt al-amṣār'', p. 187.</ref> He has also stated that a special place was given to [[Zaydiyya]] Shi'ites in [[Masjid al-Haram]] for performing [[congregational prayers]]. Ibn Jubayr also called Sharifs of Mecca Zaydiyya who recited the verse "Hayya 'ala Khayr al-'Amal" in their [[Adhan]].<ref>Ibn Jubayr, ''Tadhkīr bi akhbār an ittifāqāt al-amṣār'', p. 138, 139, 140.</ref> Some travel accounts stated that the influence of Shi'ites declined in the next centuries in Mecca. Muhammad Husayn Farahani who performed [[Hajj]] in 1302/1885 said that the number of Shi'ite Muslims in mecca were very few who mostly worked as guides for Hajj pilgrims.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Panjāh safarnāma-yi ḥajj-i qajārī'', vol. 5, p. 203.</ref> Ayazkhan Qashqai who visited Mecca in 1341/1922-3 stated that Shi'ites did not need to exercise [[Taqiyya]] (precautionary dissimulation) in order to perform their religious rituals in [[Jeddah]], Mecca and [[Medina]]; they could freely express their religious affiliation as well.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Panjāh safarnāma-yi ḥajj-i qajārī'', vol. 5, p. 395, 409.</ref>