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Imam Ali b. Abi Talib (a): Difference between revisions
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The Shia also maintain that the companions of Abu Bakr invaded Ali's (a) house to force him to pledge allegiance,<ref>Jawharī, ''al-Saqīfa wa Fadak'', p. 72-73.</ref> during which incident Fatima (a) was hurt and had a miscarriage.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''al-Iḥtijāj'', vol. 1, p. 109.</ref> Abu Bakr also [[Usurpation of Fadak|confiscated Fadak]],<ref>Ustādī, "Fadak," p. 366.</ref> to which Ali (a) objected in defense of Fatima (a).<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 29, p. 124.</ref> The invasion of the Imam's (a) house resulted in Fatima's (a) illness, and led to her martyrdom in [[11]]/[[632 CE|632]].<ref>Ṭabarī al-Imāmī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 134.</ref> | The Shia also maintain that the companions of Abu Bakr invaded Ali's (a) house to force him to pledge allegiance,<ref>Jawharī, ''al-Saqīfa wa Fadak'', p. 72-73.</ref> during which incident Fatima (a) was hurt and had a miscarriage.<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''al-Iḥtijāj'', vol. 1, p. 109.</ref> Abu Bakr also [[Usurpation of Fadak|confiscated Fadak]],<ref>Ustādī, "Fadak," p. 366.</ref> to which Ali (a) objected in defense of Fatima (a).<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 29, p. 124.</ref> The invasion of the Imam's (a) house resulted in Fatima's (a) illness, and led to her martyrdom in [[11]]/[[632 CE|632]].<ref>Ṭabarī al-Imāmī, ''Dalāʾil al-imāma'', p. 134.</ref> | ||
Abu Bakr passed away in [[13]]/[[634 CE|634]].<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 3, p. 419-420; Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 136-138.</ref> Before his death, he appointed [[Umar b. al-Khattab]] as his successor.<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 322, 331.</ref> In [[Muharram]], [[14]]/[[March]], [[635 CE|635]], Umar b. al-Khattab embarked on a military expedition against the [[Sasanids]]. He camped in an area called Sirar, but some prominent figures, including Imam Ali (a), advised him to remain in Medina, so he returned and sent [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]] to the battle in his place.<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 379.</ref> Ibn Athir reports that Ali (a) was a judge during the caliphate of Umar b. al-Khattab, except in its first few years.<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 348, 441.</ref> | Abu Bakr passed away in [[13]]/[[634 CE|634]].<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-umam wa l-mulūk'', vol. 3, p. 419-420; Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 136-138.</ref> Before his death, he appointed [[Umar b. al-Khattab]] as his successor.<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 322, 331.</ref> In [[Muharram]], [[14]]/[[February]]-[[March]], [[635 CE|635]], Umar b. al-Khattab embarked on a military expedition against the [[Sasanids]]. He camped in an area called Sirar, but some prominent figures, including Imam Ali (a), advised him to remain in Medina, so he returned and sent [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]] to the battle in his place.<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 379.</ref> Ibn Athir reports that Ali (a) was a judge during the caliphate of Umar b. al-Khattab, except in its first few years.<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 348, 441.</ref> | ||
In [[16]]/[[637 CE|637]] (or [[17]]/[[638 CE|638]]),<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 348, 453.</ref> upon Ali's (a) suggestion, Umar b. al-Khattab set the year of the emigration of the Prophet (s) to Medina as the beginning of the [[Islamic calendar]].<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 145; Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 4, p. 300.</ref> | In [[16]]/[[637 CE|637]] (or [[17]]/[[638 CE|638]]),<ref>Maʿādīkhāh, ''Tārīkh-i Islām'', p. 348, 453.</ref> upon Ali's (a) suggestion, Umar b. al-Khattab set the year of the emigration of the Prophet (s) to Medina as the beginning of the [[Islamic calendar]].<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 145; Masʿūdī, ''Murūj al-dhahab'', vol. 4, p. 300.</ref> | ||