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Qiyama: Difference between revisions
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'''Al-Qīyāma''' (Arabic: {{ia|القيامة}}) or '''Judgement | '''Al-Qīyāma''' (Arabic: {{ia|القيامة}}) or '''Day of Judgement''', according to Islamic teachings, is a day when, by the will of [[God]], all humans gather in the presence of God for the reckoning of their deeds in this world. In the [[Qur'an]], seventy names and attributes are mentioned for it. Before that day, shocking happenings will take place on the earth and in the sky, which are known as the [[indications of the Hour]]. The Qur'an and [[hadith]]s emphasize that the time of the Day of Judgement is not known to anyone but God. | ||
On that day, people's deeds are measured in accordance to religious leaders (the | On that day, people's deeds are measured in accordance to religious leaders (the [[Prophet (s)]], [[Imams (a)]] and the righteous) and anyone whose deeds and beliefs have better similarity with their deeds and beliefs will be happier. | ||
==Names== | ==Names== | ||
In the Qur'an, about | In the Qur'an, about seventy names and attributes about Qiyama are mentioned, the most famous of which are: | ||
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*Al-Sa'a (the Hour) | |||
*Yawm al-Qiyama (Day of Resurrection) | |||
*Al-Yawm al-Akhir (the Last Day) | |||
*Yawm al-Hisab (Day of Reckoning) | |||
*Yawm al-Din (Day of Retribution) | |||
*Yawm al-Jam' (Day of Gathering) | |||
*[[Yawm al-Fasl]] (Day of Judgment) | |||
*Yawm al-Khuruj (Day of Rising [from the dead]) | |||
*Yawm al-Maw'ud (the Promised Day) | |||
*Yawm al-Khulud (Day of Immortality) | |||
*Yawm al-Hasra (Day of Regret) | |||
*[[Yawm al-Taghabun]] (Day of Dispossession) | |||
*Yawm al-Ba'th (Day of Resurrection).<ref>Makārim Shīrāzī, ''Maʿād dar Qurʾān'', vol. 5, p. 3-5, 123-133.</ref> | |||
{{end}} | |||
Qiyama is also called "Qiyamat al-Kubra" in opposite to [[Qiyamat al-Sughra]] or [[barzakh]] which begins just after human's death and continues until Qiyamat al-Kubra.<ref>Sajjādī, ''Farhang-i maʿārif-i Islāmī'', vol. 2, p. 974; Fayḍ al-Kāshānī, ''ʿIlm al-yaqīn'', vol. 2, p. 1033.</ref> | |||
==Precursors and Signs== | ==Precursors and Signs== | ||
{{main|indications of the Hour}} | {{main|indications of the Hour}} | ||
Some happenings take place before Qiyama, which are called Ashrat al-Sa'a. The glorious [[Qur'an]] mentioned some of those signs: | Some happenings take place before Qiyama, which are called [[Ashrat al-Sa'a]]. The glorious [[Qur'an]] mentioned some of those signs: | ||
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*Darkness of stars<ref>Qurʾān, 82:2.</ref> | *Darkness of stars<ref>Qurʾān, 82:2.</ref> | ||
*Splitting the sky<ref>Qurʾān, 84:1; 78:19.</ref> | *Splitting the sky<ref>Qurʾān, 84:1; 78:19.</ref> | ||
*[[ | *[[Blowing the Trumpet]] by [[Israfil]]<ref>Qurʾān, 39:68; 27:87.</ref> | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
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{{pull quote | {{pull quote | ||
|They question you concerning the Hour, when will it set in? Say, ‘Its knowledge is only with my Lord: none except Him shall manifest it at its time. It will weigh heavy on the heavens and the earth. It will not overtake you but suddenly.’ They ask you as if you were in the know of it. Say, ‘Its knowledge is only with Allah, but most people do not know.’ | |They question you concerning the Hour, when will it set in? Say, ‘Its knowledge is only with my Lord: none except Him shall manifest it at its time. It will weigh heavy on the heavens and the earth. It will not overtake you but suddenly.’ They ask you as if you were in the know of it. Say, ‘Its knowledge is only with Allah, but most people do not know.’ | ||
|source= | |source= Qur'an 7:187}} | ||
Not having knowledge about its time as well as its sudden happening and its tremendousness makes it never considered far by people and they always await it and thus prepare themselves to be rescued then. This unawareness has a positive and constructive effect on the education of people's souls, their attention to their responsibilities and avoiding sins.<ref>Makārim Shīrāzī, ''Maʿād dar Qurʾān'', vol. 7, p. 43.</ref> | Not having knowledge about its time as well as its sudden happening and its tremendousness makes it never considered far by people and they always await it and thus prepare themselves to be rescued then. This unawareness has a positive and constructive effect on the education of people's souls, their attention to their responsibilities and avoiding sins.<ref>Makārim Shīrāzī, ''Maʿād dar Qurʾān'', vol. 7, p. 43.</ref> | ||
==Place== | ==Place== | ||
According to [[verse]]s of the Qur'an, on the Day of Judgement, all the dead suddenly and at once will be resurrected by the power of [[God]]. They exit the graves and gather and their deeds will be reckoned. The place of their attendance and reckoning is in an environment, the reality of which is not clear to us. However, based on the | According to [[verse]]s of the Qur'an, on the Day of Judgement, all the dead suddenly and at once will be resurrected by the power of [[God]]. They exit the graves and gather and their deeds will be reckoned. The place of their attendance and reckoning is in an environment, the reality of which is not clear to us. However, based on the Qur'an, it is known that the sky and the earth change at that time. An environment (which is immaterial according to some views) is created in which Qiyama takes place and creatures gather in the presence of God. The glorious [[Qur'an]] points to this change of the earth and the sky as: | ||
{{pull quote | {{pull quote | ||
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==Events== | ==Events== | ||
===Resurrection of Humans=== | ===Resurrection of Humans=== | ||
In many [[verse]]s, the | In many [[verse]]s, the Qur'an has mentioned the way humans will be resurrected in Qiyama. [[Qur'an 39]]:68 says that with one blow in the [[Blowing the Trumpet|Israfil's horn]], all people will die except those [[God]] wishes who do not. Then, another time, there will be a blow in horn and everyone is resurrected at once and awaits reckoning.{{enote|And the Trumpet will be blown, and whoever is in the heavens will swoon and whoever is on the earth, except whomever Allah wishes. Then it will be blown a second time, behold, they will rise up, looking on!(Qur'an 39:68)}} | ||
===Reckoning=== | ===Reckoning=== | ||
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Some issues are important in the reckoning of the deeds, which are: | Some issues are important in the reckoning of the deeds, which are: | ||
'''Questions in Qiyama''' | '''Questions in Qiyama:''' Some issues will be questioned about in Qiyama, the Qur'an has mentioned some of them: | ||
* Material and spiritual blessings of [[God]];<ref>Qummī, ''Tafsīr al-Qummī'', vol. 2, p. 440.</ref> | * Material and spiritual blessings of [[God]];<ref>Qummī, ''Tafsīr al-Qummī'', vol. 2, p. 440.</ref> | ||
* Sinners will be asked about their ideological, practical and moral [[sin]]s<ref>Qurʾān, 81:8-9.</ref> | * Sinners will be asked about their ideological, practical and moral [[sin]]s<ref>Qurʾān, 81:8-9.</ref> | ||
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* About properties | * About properties | ||
* About deeds and manners | * About deeds and manners | ||
* About the love of [[ | * About the love of the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] | ||
In this regard, the noble Prophet (s) said: | In this regard, the noble Prophet (s) said: | ||
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==Scale of Deeds== | ==Scale of Deeds== | ||
On the Day of Judgement, humans' actions will be measured by a certain means, not like the scales in this world.<ref>Tihranī, ''Maʿād shināsī'', vol. 8, p. 157.</ref> This measure refers to measuring and comparison of everyone's deeds using one model. Based on [[hadith]]s, scale in the hereafter refers to the deeds of the prophets (a), [[Imams (a)]], and righteous ones and on the Judgement | On the Day of Judgement, humans' actions will be measured by a certain means, not like the scales in this world.<ref>Tihranī, ''Maʿād shināsī'', vol. 8, p. 157.</ref> This measure refers to measuring and comparison of everyone's deeds using one model. Based on [[hadith]]s, scale in the hereafter refers to the deeds of the prophets (a), [[Imams (a)]], and righteous ones and on the Day of Judgement, peoples' deeds will be compared and measured with the deeds of these great personalities and will be considered as worthy as they are similar to their beliefs, attributes, and deeds.<ref>Hāshimī, ''Pursimān-i Qurʾānī'', p. 137.</ref> [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] explained the scales in Qiyama saying, "The scale for measuring on that day is the Prophets (s) and their vicegerents."<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 7, p. 251.</ref> In another hadith, the scale in Qiyama is considered [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] and Imams (a) after him.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 7, p. 252.</ref> | ||
==Sirat Bridge== | ==Sirat Bridge== | ||