Sura al-Kawthar: Difference between revisions

'''Sura al-Kawthar''' is the 108th sura and a [[Makki]] [[sura]] of the [[Qur'an]], located in the 30th [[juz']] thereof. It is the smallest sura of the Qur'an, which is called “al-Kawthar” because its first verse talks about a blessing to the [[Prophet (s)]] called “Kawthar,” asking the Prophet to say [[Prayer]]s and sacrifice for such a great blessing.

Instances of “Kawthar” are variously interpreted as the [[Pond of Kawthar]], the [[Heaven]], an abundance of the good, [[prophethood]], the Qur'an, the great number of his [[Sahaba]], and [[intercession]]. In the view of many Shiite scholars, one instance of “Kawthar” is [[Fatima (a)]] and her children, because the sura was revealed in response to those who had claimed that the Prophet (s) had no progeny.

*'''Naming'''

The sura is called “Kawthar” because its first verse talks about a blessing called “Kawthar” which is given by [[God]] to the [[Prophet (s)]].

*'''Order and Place of Revelation'''

Sura al-Kawthar is a [[Makki sura]]. In the [[order of revelation]], it is the 15th sura [[revealed]] to the Prophet (s). In the traditional order of compilation, it is the 108th sura, located in the 30th [[juz']] of the Qur'an.

*'''Number of Verses and Words'''

Sura al-Kawthar has 3 [[verse]]s, 10 words, and 43 letters. It is the smallest sura of the Qur'an.

The sura addresses the Prophet (s) in all of its verses, just like Suras of [[al-Duha]] and [[al-Inshirah]]. It points to a blessing given to the Prophet (s) called “al-Kawthar” which was given to the Prophet (s) by God. Quranic [[exegete]]s have interpreted “al-kawthar” as abundant good—one for which the Prophet (s) is asked to perform [[prayer]]s and make sacrifices.

There is a disagreement among exegetes as to what the instance of al-Kawthar is. Some possible interpretations include the Pond of Kawthar, a river in the [[Heaven]], abundant good, [[prophethood]], the Qur'an, the great number of the Prophet’s progeny, and [[intercession]].

In ''[[Tafsir-i nimuna]]'', many Shiite scholars are said to believe that one instance of al-Kawthar is [[Fatima (a)]], because the sura talks about those who claim that the Prophet (s) has no progeny, while his progeny continued through Fatima (a), and this is the progeny in which [[Imamate]] appeared.

 

1. First point: God’s abundant grace to the Prophet

 

2. the Prophet’s obligations as to divine grace

 

The first obligation: worship and servitude of God

 

 

Sura al-Kawthar was revealed after what [['As b. Wa'il]] said about the Prophet (s). When [['Abd Allah, the Prophet's son]], died and the Prophet (s) had no son, he referred to the Prophet (s) as “Abtar” (without posterity, that is, without a progeny) when he was in a gathering of the [[Quraysh]]. With this sura, God consoled the Prophet that he was given the abundant good. Moreover, God prognosticated that his enemies will have no progeny.

*The Prayer of the 11th night of the [[Ramadan month]]: this Prayer consists of two [[rak'a]]s, in each of which, [[Sura al-Hamd]] is recited once, and Sura al-Kawthar is recited 20 times.

*The Prayer of the 18th night of the Ramadan month: this prayer consists of four rak'as, in each of which Sura al-Hamd is recited once, and Sura al-Kawthar is recited 25 times.

[[Abu Basir]] quoted [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] as saying: if one recites the sura in his [[daily prayers]], then he will drink from the [[Pond of Kawthar]] on the [[day of resurrection]], and will be a [[companion of the Prophet (s)]] under the [[Tree of Tuba]]. In ''[[Majma' al-bayan]]'', the Prophet (s) is quoted as saying: if one recites Sura al-Kawthar, God will satiate him with rivers of the [[Heaven]], and will [[reward]] him as many times as servants of God make sacrifices on [[Eid al-Adha]] and as [[People of the Book]] and [[polytheists]] make sacrifices.

Sura al-Kawthar has been inscribed on tiles of some buildings, such as holy shrines, [[mosque]]s, [[Imamzada]]s, and [[seminary school]]s, including the interior part of Imam al-Husayn’s darih, an inscription in the mausoleum of [[al-Shaykh al-Saduq]] (Ibn Babawayh) with the handwriting of Ibrahim Tihrani, an inscription in the [[Sipahsalar School]], and inscriptions on top of the gate of [[Sayyid Mosque]] in [[Isfahan]].{{fulltext}}

*The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[:fa:سوره کوثر|سوره کوثر]]}} in Farsi WikiShia.

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