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 '''Ḥamīm''' (Arabic: {{ia|حَمیم}}) literally means intense heat. In the [[Qur'an|Quran]], it refers to boiling water people of the [[hell]] are forced to drink. The word “hamim” is also used to refer to intimate friends. The term is used twenty times in the Quran.
 [[Tafsir|Quranic exegetes]] and researchers believe that the word “hamim” has two meanings in the Quran:
+* Boiling water people of the hell are forced to drink. In verse 57 of [[Sura Sad]] ([They will be told, ‘This is scalding water and pus; let them taste it) and verse 4 of [[Sura Yunus]] (As for the faithless, they shall have boiling water for drink, and a painful punishment because of what they used to defy), the word is used in this sense. Fakhr al-Razi cites a view in his ''Mafatih al-ghayb'' to the effect that “hamim” in these verses means melted copper.
-* Boiling water people of the hell are forced to drink. In verse 57 of [[Sura Sad]] ([They will be told, ‘This is scalding water and pus; let them taste it) and verse 4 of [[Sura Yunus]] (As for the faithless, they shall have boiling water for drink, and a painful punishment because of what they used to defy), the word is used in this sense. Fakhr al-Razi cites a view in his ''Mafatih al-ghayb'' to the effect that “hamim” in these verses means melted copper.
+* An intimate or close friend. In verse 101 of [[Sura al-Shu'ara|Sura al-Shu'ara']] (nor do we have any sympathetic friend) and verse 10 of [[Sura al-Ma'arij]] (and no friend will inquire about [the welfare of his] friend), the word is used in this sense. Quranic exegetes interpret “hamim” in these verses as intimate, a compassionate kind close one, a close person who tries to solve one’s problems, and a supportive close friend.
+[[Hasan Mustafawi]] (d. 2005), the author of the book ''[[al-Tahqiq fi kalimat al-Qur'an al-karim]]'', believes that “hamim” has several meanings: intense heat, closeness and intimacy, a kind of voice or intention, all of which refer to intense heat. For instance, some springs are called “hamim” because they have intensely hot water, or a close intimate friend is called “hamim” because of his warmness and kindness. Moreover, when “hamim” is used to refer to charcoal, it is because wood turns into charcoal as a result of intense heat and fire. Accordingly, “hamim” means hot, either literally such as boiling water or metaphorically (as in friendship and intimacy).
-* An intimate or close friend. In verse 101 of [[Sura al-Shu'ara|Sura al-Shu'ara']] (nor do we have any sympathetic friend) and verse 10 of [[Sura al-Ma'arij]] (and no friend will inquire about [the welfare of his] friend), the word is used in this sense. Quranic exegetes interpret “hamim” in these verses as intimate, a compassionate kind close one, a close person who tries to solve one’s problems, and a supportive close friend.
+==Notes==
+{{notes}}
+==References==
+{{references}}
-[[Hasan Mustafawi]] (d. 2005), the author of the book ''[[al-Tahqiq fi kalimat al-Qur'an al-karim]]'', believes that “hamim” has several meanings: intense heat, closeness and intimacy, a kind of voice or intention, all of which refer to intense heat. For instance, some springs are called “hamim” because they have intensely hot water, or a close intimate friend is called “hamim” because of his warmness and kindness. Moreover, when “hamim” is used to refer to charcoal, it is because wood turns into charcoal as a result of intense heat and fire. Accordingly, “hamim” means hot, either literally such as boiling water or metaphorically (as in friendship and intimacy).
+{{end}}
+{{Hell}}
 [[Category:Quranic terminology]]