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Khuzayma b. Thabit: Difference between revisions
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==Becoming a Muslim== | ==Becoming a Muslim== | ||
There are disagreement about the time that he became Muslim. Some believe he became Muslim before the [[Battle of Badr]] ([[2 AH]]/ | There are disagreement about the time that he became Muslim. Some believe he became Muslim before the [[Battle of Badr]] ([[2 AH]]/624)<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Iṣāba'', vol. 1, p. 193; Mizzī, ''Tahdhīb al-kamāl'', vol. 8, p. 243.</ref> and others say he became Muslim between the battles of Badr (2 AH/624) and [[Battle of Uhud|Uhud]] ([[3 AH]]/625).<ref>Ṣafdī, ''al-Wāfī bi l-Wafīyāt'', vol. 4, p. 362.</ref> After converting to Islam, by cooperating 'Umayr b. 'Uday b. Kharsha, he became agent to break the idols of his tribe.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 4, p. 279.</ref> Save for the Battle of Badr, he participated in all [[ghazwas]] (battles) and also the [[Battle of Muta]]. | ||
==Title== | ==Title== | ||
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==At the Time of the Prophet (s)== | ==At the Time of the Prophet (s)== | ||
Khuzayma b. Thabit fought in the [[Battle of Uhud]] and the battles after it.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol. 2, p. 133.</ref> However, the authors of [[maghazi]] | Khuzayma b. Thabit fought in the [[Battle of Uhud]] and the battles after it.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol. 2, p. 133.</ref> However, the authors of [[maghazi]] (accounts of the Prophet's raids during his lifetime) have not mentioned his name in the list of the Prophet's (s) companion who fought in the Battle of Uhud, and it is said that he fought in the battles after the Battle of Uhud.<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''Usd al-ghāba'', vol. 2, p. 133; Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, ''Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb'', vol. 2, p. 557.</ref>13 At the time of the Muslim [[conquest of Mecca]], Khuzayma b. Thabit carried the flag of Banu Khatma.<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448.</ref> | ||
He took part in the [[Battle of Muta]] ([[8 AH]]/629).<ref>Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 16, p. 359; Dhahabī, ''Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ'', vol. 2, p. 485.</ref> He killed a Roman soldier in this battle and took a piece of jewel as trophy. Later he sold that jewel and bought a grove of date palm instead.<ref>Dhahabī, ''Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ'', vol. 2, p. 485; Wāqidī, ''al-Maghāzī'', vol. 2, p. 769.</ref> | He took part in the [[Battle of Muta]] ([[8 AH]]/629).<ref>Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 16, p. 359; Dhahabī, ''Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ'', vol. 2, p. 485.</ref> He killed a Roman soldier in this battle and took a piece of jewel as trophy. Later he sold that jewel and bought a grove of date palm instead.<ref>Dhahabī, ''Siyar aʿlām al-nubalāʾ'', vol. 2, p. 485; Wāqidī, ''al-Maghāzī'', vol. 2, p. 769.</ref> | ||
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==Kuzayma's Testimony about 'Ammar b. Yasir's Murder by a Group of Oppressors == | ==Kuzayma's Testimony about 'Ammar b. Yasir's Murder by a Group of Oppressors == | ||
Khuzayma b. Thabit has quoted from the [[Prophet (s)]] that [['Ammar b. Yasir]] would be killed by a group of oppressors.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 3, p. 259; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn Ḥajar, ''Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb'', p. 279.</ref> Khuzayma was martyred in [[37 AH]]/657<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448.</ref> in a stage of [[Battle of Siffin]] when the fight became very fierce and has become known as [[Yawm Waq'a al-Khamis]].<ref>Minqarī, ''Waqʿat Ṣiffīn'', p. 362-363.</ref> [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] has mentioned Khuzayma b. Thabit as one of the martyrs of Siffin and one of his brothers who remained steadfast in the right way.<ref>''Nahj al-balāgha'', khutba 182.</ref> Therefore, according to previously mentioned traditions, this matter that Khuzayma b. Thabit did not fight in the battles of [[Battle of Jamal|Jamal]] and [[Battle of Siffin|Siffin]] until 'Ammar was martyred,<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 3, p. 259; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn Ḥajar, ''Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb'', vol. 3, p. 325.</ref> cannot be true.<ref>Tustarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 4, p. 173.</ref> | Khuzayma b. Thabit has quoted from the [[Prophet (s)]] that [['Ammar b. Yasir]] would be killed by a group of oppressors.<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 3, p. 259; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn Ḥajar, ''Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb'', p. 279.</ref> Khuzayma was martyred in [[37 AH|37]] /657<ref>Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448.</ref> in a stage of [[Battle of Siffin]] when the fight became very fierce and has become known as [[Yawm Waq'a al-Khamis]].<ref>Minqarī, ''Waqʿat Ṣiffīn'', p. 362-363.</ref> [[Imam 'Ali (a)]] has mentioned Khuzayma b. Thabit as one of the martyrs of Siffin and one of his brothers who remained steadfast in the right way.<ref>''Nahj al-balāgha'', khutba 182.</ref> Therefore, according to previously mentioned traditions, this matter that Khuzayma b. Thabit did not fight in the battles of [[Battle of Jamal|Jamal]] and [[Battle of Siffin|Siffin]] until 'Ammar was martyred,<ref>Ibn Saʿd, ''al-Ṭabaqāt al-kubrā'', vol. 3, p. 259; Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr, ''al-Istīʿāb'', vol. 2, p. 448; Ibn Ḥajar, ''Tahdhīb al-tahdhīb'', vol. 3, p. 325.</ref> cannot be true.<ref>Tustarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 4, p. 173.</ref> | ||
Some historical narrators believe that Khuzayma b. Thabit passed away at the time of [['Uthman]] and the one who attended the Battle of Siffin was a person with the same name.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 4, p. 447; Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 16, p. 371-372.</ref> However, according to general and specific traditions, [[martyrdom]] of Khuzayma b. Thabit in Siffin has been related by successive transmitters and denial of Khuzayma's martyrdom in Siffin is actually an attempt by the enemies to claim that those who struggled in the [[Battle of Badr]] did not side with 'Ali (a) in Siffin.<ref>Tustarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 4, p. 172.</ref> Moreover, most of the historians such as [[Khatib Baghdadi]] and [[Ibn Abi al-Hadid]] have said that Dhu al-Shahadatayn was Khuzayma b. Thabit, and according to genealogical references, there was no other one called Khuzayma b. Thabit among [[Ansar]]. The belief that Khuzayma is someone other than Dhu al-Shahadatayn is actually originated from the bias propagated by [[Umayyads]].<ref>Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balagha'', vol. 10, p. 109; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Iṣāba'', vol. 2, p. 280; Amīn, ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 6, p. 317-318.</ref> | Some historical narrators believe that Khuzayma b. Thabit passed away at the time of [['Uthman]] and the one who attended the Battle of Siffin was a person with the same name.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''Tārīkh al-Ṭabarī'', vol. 4, p. 447; Ibn ʿAsākir, ''Tārīkh madīnat Dimashq'', vol. 16, p. 371-372.</ref> However, according to general and specific traditions, [[martyrdom]] of Khuzayma b. Thabit in Siffin has been related by successive transmitters and denial of Khuzayma's martyrdom in Siffin is actually an attempt by the enemies to claim that those who struggled in the [[Battle of Badr]] did not side with 'Ali (a) in Siffin.<ref>Tustarī, ''Qāmūs al-rijāl'', vol. 4, p. 172.</ref> Moreover, most of the historians such as [[Khatib Baghdadi]] and [[Ibn Abi al-Hadid]] have said that Dhu al-Shahadatayn was Khuzayma b. Thabit, and according to genealogical references, there was no other one called Khuzayma b. Thabit among [[Ansar]]. The belief that Khuzayma is someone other than Dhu al-Shahadatayn is actually originated from the bias propagated by [[Umayyads]].<ref>Ibn Abī l-Ḥadīd, ''Sharḥ Nahj al-balagha'', vol. 10, p. 109; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Iṣāba'', vol. 2, p. 280; Amīn, ''Aʿyān al-Shīʿa'', vol. 6, p. 317-318.</ref> | ||
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It is mentioned that his daughter, Dubay'a or Na'ima, composed an elegy about his father after he martyred.<ref>Naṣr b. Muzāhim, ''Waqʿat Ṣiffīn'', p. 365-366.</ref> In his life story, such a daughter was not be mentioned, but 'Umara's daughter was called Na'ima. | It is mentioned that his daughter, Dubay'a or Na'ima, composed an elegy about his father after he martyred.<ref>Naṣr b. Muzāhim, ''Waqʿat Ṣiffīn'', p. 365-366.</ref> In his life story, such a daughter was not be mentioned, but 'Umara's daughter was called Na'ima. | ||
Ibn Funduq Ya'la b. Zayd al-Tabari (499-565/1105-6 - 1169-70), The famous historian of sixth/twelfth century, was of descendant of Khuzayma.<ref>Muṣṭafā b. Qaḥṭān al-Ḥabīb, p. 90.</ref> | |||
The grave of Khuzayma is not known in Siffin.<ref>Hirawī, ''al-Ishārāt ilā maʿrifat al-ziyārāt'', p. 62.</ref> | The grave of Khuzayma is not known in Siffin.<ref>Hirawī, ''al-Ishārāt ilā maʿrifat al-ziyārāt'', p. 62.</ref> | ||