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Hamza b. Abd al-Muttalib: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox sahaba | |||
| title =Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib | |||
| image =Grave o Hamza.jpg | |||
| image size = | |||
| caption =The current image of the grave of Hamza [[Sayyid al-Shuhada]] and other Martyrs of the [[Battle of Uhud]] | |||
| Full name =Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib | |||
| [[Kunya]] =Abu 'Umara and Abu Ya'la | |||
| Epithet =[[Sayyid al-Shuhada]] | |||
| Birth =two to four years before the [[Year of the Elephant]] | |||
| Home town =[[Mecca]] | |||
| [[Muhajir]]/[[Ansar]] =Muhajir | |||
| Lineage/tribe =[[Banu Hashim]] | |||
| Well-known relatives =[[The Prophet (s)]], [[Abu Talib]] | |||
| Death/Martyrdom =[[15 Shawwal|15th of Shawwal]] [[3]]/624 | |||
| Cause of death/martyrdom = He was martyred in the [[Battle of Uhud]] | |||
| Burial place =[[Uhud cemetery]], [[Medina]] | |||
| Converting to Islam = | |||
| Cause of converting to Islam = | |||
| Presence at [[ghazwas]] = [[battle of Badr|Badr]],[[battle of Uhud|Uhud]] | |||
| Migration to =[[Medina]] | |||
| Known for = | |||
| Notable roles = | |||
| Other activities = | |||
| Works = | |||
}} | |||
'''Ḥamza b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib''' (Arabic: حمزة بن عبدالمطّلب ) was the [[Prophet (s)|Prophet's (s)]] uncle and a [[martyr]] in the [[Battle of Uhud]]. Even when Hamza had not still become a Muslim, he defended the Prophet (s) against the harassments of idolaters. He was one of the noble people of [[Quraysh]] and therefore when he became Muslim, Quraysh would harass the Prophet (s) less than before. | '''Ḥamza b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib''' (Arabic: حمزة بن عبدالمطّلب ) was the [[Prophet (s)|Prophet's (s)]] uncle and a [[martyr]] in the [[Battle of Uhud]]. Even when Hamza had not still become a Muslim, he defended the Prophet (s) against the harassments of idolaters. He was one of the noble people of [[Quraysh]] and therefore when he became Muslim, Quraysh would harass the Prophet (s) less than before. | ||
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=== Becoming a Muslim === | === Becoming a Muslim === | ||
One day, [[Abu Jahl]] met the Prophet (s) near the [[mount Safa]] and insulted him. The Prophet (s) did not say anything to him. A woman slave was near there and saw what happened. When Hamza came back to [[Mecca]] from hunting, he used to circumambulate the Ka'ba then he would go to [[Quraysh]] gatherings. Quraysh loved Hamza because of his magnanimity. This time, when he came to Quraysh gathering, that woman slave went to Hamza and told him, "you were not here to see what Abu Jahl said to your nephew!" Hamza went to Abu Jahl and found him sitting among people in [[Masjid al-Haram]]. He stroke his bow on Abu Jahl so hard that his head was badly broke. Then told him, "you dare insult Muhammad?!! You do not know I have accepted his religion?! I say whatever he says!" [[Banu Makhzum]] wanted to go help Abu Jahl, but he told them, "Leave Hamza, because I have badly insulted his nephew." This happening was when Hamza declared his acceptance of Islam. Afterwards, Quraysh saw that the Prophet (s) has a great support like Hamza who will protect him against their harms and thus they annoyed the Prophet (s) less. | One day, [[Abu Jahl]] met the Prophet (s) near the [[mount Safa]] and insulted him. The Prophet (s) did not say anything to him. A woman slave was near there and saw what happened. When Hamza came back to [[Mecca]] from hunting, he used to circumambulate the [[Ka'ba]] then he would go to [[Quraysh]] gatherings. Quraysh loved Hamza because of his magnanimity. This time, when he came to Quraysh gathering, that woman slave went to Hamza and told him, "you were not here to see what Abu Jahl said to your nephew!" Hamza went to Abu Jahl and found him sitting among people in [[Masjid al-Haram]]. He stroke his bow on Abu Jahl so hard that his head was badly broke. Then told him, "you dare insult Muhammad?!! You do not know I have accepted his religion?! I say whatever he says!" [[Banu Makhzum]] wanted to go help Abu Jahl, but he told them, "Leave Hamza, because I have badly insulted his nephew." This happening was when Hamza declared his acceptance of Islam. Afterwards, Quraysh saw that the Prophet (s) has a great support like Hamza who will protect him against their harms and thus they annoyed the Prophet (s) less. | ||
Based on a narration by [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]], what made Hamza accept Islam was his defense of the Prophet (s) in a happening when idolaters threw a camel's uterus on the head of the Prophet (s). However, some researchers believe that Hamza's acceptance of Islam has been based on awareness and knowledge. | Based on a narration by [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]], what made Hamza accept Islam was his defense of the Prophet (s) in a happening when idolaters threw a camel's uterus on the head of the Prophet (s). However, some researchers believe that Hamza's acceptance of Islam has been based on awareness and knowledge. | ||
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He accepted Islam two or six years after the beginning of the Prophet's (s) mission before [[Abu Dhar]] became Muslim. Hamza's acceptance of Islam was influential in the tendency of his relatives towards Islam. | He accepted Islam two or six years after the beginning of the Prophet's (s) mission before [[Abu Dhar]] became Muslim. Hamza's acceptance of Islam was influential in the tendency of his relatives towards Islam. | ||
There is little information about Hamza after accepting Islam before [[Hijra]]. When the Prophet (s) revealed his invitation to Islam, Hamza also began inviting people to Islam. He stayed with the Prophet (s) and did not immigrate to [[Ethiopia]]. In the two or three years which idolaters besieged [[Banu Hashim]] and [[Banu Muttalib]] in the [[Shi'b Abi Talib]], Hamza stayed with them. In the second [[treaty of 'Aqaba]], twelve years after the Prophet (s) began his mission when some of the people of [[Medina]] made a treaty with the Prophet (s), Hamza accompanied [['Ali (a)]] in guarding that place against idolaters if they wanted to | There is little information about Hamza after accepting Islam before [[Hijra]]. When the Prophet (s) revealed his invitation to Islam, Hamza also began inviting people to Islam. He stayed with the Prophet (s) and did not immigrate to [[Ethiopia]]. In the two or three years which idolaters besieged [[Banu Hashim]] and [[Banu Muttalib]] in the [[Shi'b Abi Talib]], Hamza stayed with them. In the second [[treaty of 'Aqaba]], twelve years after the Prophet (s) began his mission when some of the people of [[Medina]] made a treaty with the Prophet (s), Hamza accompanied [['Ali (a)]] in guarding that place against idolaters if they wanted to approach there. | ||
=== Immigration to Medina === | === Immigration to Medina === | ||
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== His Martyrdom == | == His Martyrdom == | ||
{{Main|Battle of Uhud}} | {{Main|Battle of Uhud}} | ||
The [[Battle of Uhud]] happened on Saturday, [[15 Shawwal|15th of Shawwal]] 3/624. In that battle, Hamza was [[martyr]]ed by Wahshi b. Harb, the Ethiopian slave of the daughter of Harith b. 'Amir b. Nawfal or the slave of Jubayr b. Mut'im. | The [[Battle of Uhud]] happened on Saturday, [[15 Shawwal|15th of Shawwal]] [[3]]/624. In that battle, Hamza was [[martyr]]ed by Wahshi b. Harb, the Ethiopian slave of the daughter of Harith b. 'Amir b. Nawfal or the slave of Jubayr b. Mut'im. | ||
According to a report, Harith's daughter promised Wahshi to free him if he killed [[Muhammad (s)]], Hamza or [['Ali (a)]] as a revenge for her father who was killed in the [[Battle of Badr]]. According to another report, Jubayr b. Mut'im promised Wahshi freedom if he could take revenge of his uncle Tughayma b. 'Adi who was killed in the battle of Badr. However, undoubtedly, the motives of Hind, daughter of 'Utba, wife of [[Abu Sufyan]] was greater than that of Jubayr or the daughter of Harith to take revenge for her father, brother and uncle who were killed in the battle of Badr. According to some reports, Hind encouraged Wahshi to that with the promise of giving him money. | According to a report, Harith's daughter promised Wahshi to free him if he killed [[Muhammad (s)]], Hamza or [['Ali (a)]] as a revenge for her father who was killed in the [[Battle of Badr]]. According to another report, Jubayr b. Mut'im promised Wahshi freedom if he could take revenge of his uncle Tughayma b. 'Adi who was killed in the battle of Badr. However, undoubtedly, the motives of Hind, daughter of 'Utba, wife of [[Abu Sufyan]] was greater than that of Jubayr or the daughter of Harith to take revenge for her father, brother and uncle who were killed in the battle of Badr. According to some reports, Hind encouraged Wahshi to that with the promise of giving him money. | ||