Al-Hasan al-Muthanna: Difference between revisions

His father was [[Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)]]. His mother was [[Khawla bt. Manzur]]. After the death of her husband (36 AH), [[Muhammad b. Talha b. 'Ubayd Allah]], in the [[Battle of Jamal]], Khawla married Imam al-Hasan (a).

His teknonym was Abu Muhammad.

His wife was his cousin, [[Fatima bt. al-Husayn b. 'Ali|Fatima]], the daughter of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]]. They got married before the [[Event of 'Ashura]].

His sons whose mother was Fatima, the daughter of Imam al-Husayn (a), were 'Abd Allah Mahd, Ibrahim 'Amr, and Hasan Muthallath, all of whom passed away in the prison of Abu Ja'far Mansur, the [[Abbasid]] caliph.

His grandchildren, specially sons of 'Abd Allah b. Hasan, who himself was a literate and knowledgeable man, such as Muhammad known as Nafs Zakiyya and Ibrahim known as [[Qatil Bakhamra]], led important movements against the Abbasids.

Hasan al-Muthanna was present in the [[Battle of Karbala]]. Ahmad b. Ibrahim Hasani, in a tradition quoted from [[Abu Mikhnaf]], has said that his age at that time was nineteen or twenty.

On the day of [['Ashura]], he bravely fought beside [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] and was injured and was kept as captive. His maternal uncle, Asma' b. Kharijah Fazari, saved him. He was cured in [[Kufa]]; and after recovering, he returned to [[Medina]].

Hasan al-Muthanna has quoted hadiths from his father, [[Imam al-Hasan al-Mujtaba (a)]] and some others.

According to [['Ali (a)|Imam Ali's (a)]] will, Hasan al-Muthanna was the custodian of alms given by [['Ali (a)|Imam (a)]] and the properties he (a) had endowed in [[Medina]].

When [[Hajjaj b. Yusuf al-Thaqafi]] was the ruler of Medina, he wanted Hasan al-Muthanna to let [['Umar b. Ali]]  help him in custodianship of alms, because 'Umar was Hasan al-Muthanna's uncle. But, since only the children of [[Lady Fatima (a)]] have the right to hold custodianship of alms<ref>'Umar b. Ali was the son of 'Ali from Umm Habib bt. Rabi'a</ref>, he refused Hajjah's request. Hajjaj went to Syria to [['Abd al-Malik b. Marwan]], the [[Umayyad]] caliph; and the caliph prevented Hajjaj from that.

Hasan al-Muthanna put his son, 'Abd Allah, in charge of custodianship of alms after his death. But [[Mansur 'Abbasi]] imprisoned 'Abd Allah and held custodianship of alms himself.

When [['Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad al-Kindi]] rebelled against [[Hajjaj b. Yusuf]], he intended to call himself the [[caliph]]. But because only someone from [[Quraysh]] could hold [[caliphate]], he wrote letters to noblemen of [[Alids]], [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] and Hasan al-Muthanna, to convince them. Imam al-Sajjad (a) declined his request. Hasan al-Muthanna who thought rebels might break their allegiance, refused to accept caliphate of 'Abd al-Rahman as well. But, after their insistence, finally he became convinced and paid allegiance to him as the caliph. Famous Iraqi scholars such as [['Abd al-Rahman b. Abi Liyli]], [[Sha'bi]], [[Muhammad b. Sirin]], and [[al-Hasan al-Basri]] paid allegiance to him who was called al-Rida.

According to [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], Hasan al-Muthanna never claimed to be an Imam, nor did anyone with similar name.

In [[Zaydiyya|Zaydis]]' references, Hasan al-Muthanna has been mentioned as an Imam.

After the death of Ibn Ash'ath in 85 AH, Hasan al-Muthanna fled. Finally, the agents of Walid b. 'Abd al-Malik poisoned and killed him. They transferred his body to [[Medina]] and buried him in [[Baqi' cemetery]].

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