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Sariyya: Difference between revisions
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{{History of Early Islam}} | {{History of Early Islam}} | ||
'''Sarīyya''' is the kind of battles in which the [[Prophet (s)]], sent a group led by one of the [[Companion]]s but he (s) did not participate in them. Such battles are also called as '''Ba'th'''. | '''Sarīyya''' (Arabic: سريَّة) is the kind of battles in which the [[Prophet (s)]], sent a group led by one of the [[Companion]]s but he (s) did not participate in them. Such battles are also called as '''Ba'th'''. | ||
== Meaning of the Word == | == Meaning of the Word == | ||
There are two possibilities about the meaning of the word Sariyya; | There are two possibilities about the meaning of the word Sariyya; | ||
* An army of less than 400 soldiers | |||
* Those soldiers dispatched secretly. | |||
== | It is said that the second meaning is not true since the word Sirr (Arabic: سِرّ, secret) is different from Sary (Arabic: سَری, the root form of Sariyya]. In any case, Sariyya usually was a title for militia and minor attacks and operations.<ref>Ibn Athir, ''al-Nihaya'', vol.2 p.159</ref> | ||
== Number == | |||
[[Ibn Ishaq]] says, "[[The Prophet (s)|The Prophet]]'s (s) Ba'aths and Sariyyas were 38." [[Al-Mas'udi]] quotes 35 Ba'ths and Sariyyas from some different authors, quotes 48 Sariyyas from [[al-Tabari]] and quotes 66 Sariyyas from some other authors. In ''[[I'lam al-wara]]'', [[Fadl b. Hasan al-Tabrisi|al-Tabrisi]] mentions 36 Sariyyas.<ref>Al-Tabrisi, ''I'lam al-wara'', p.69-70</ref> | |||
== Names and Historical Order == | |||
<div style="{{column-count|3}}"> | <div style="{{column-count|3}}"> | ||
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# Sariyya 'Ubayda b. Harith b. Muttalib towards down the Thaniyyat al-Marra - 2 years after the battle of Abwa'. | # Sariyya 'Ubayda b. Harith b. Muttalib towards down the Thaniyyat al-Marra - 2 years after the battle of Abwa'. | ||
# Sariyya [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]] towards Kharrar, a basin in Juhfa – After Sariyya Hamza 2/624. | # Sariyya [[Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas]] towards Kharrar, a basin in Juhfa – After Sariyya Hamza 2/624. | ||
# Sariyya 'Umayr b. 'Uday – [[Ramadan]] 2/624 | # Sariyya 'Umayr b. 'Uday – [[Ramadan]] 2/624 | ||
# Sariyya Salim b. 'Umayr to kill Abi 'Ifk – [[Shawwal]] 2/624 | # Sariyya Salim b. 'Umayr to kill Abi 'Ifk – [[Shawwal]] 2/624 | ||
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{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Time !! Name | ! Time !! Name !! Number of Muslims !! Commander !! Number of Enemies !! Commander !! Location !! Result | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 1/623 [[Ramadan]] || [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] || 30 from [[Muhajirun]] || Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib || 300 cavalries || Abu Jahl b. Hisham || 'Is || No Battle | | 1/623 [[Ramadan]] || [[Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] || 30 from [[Muhajirun]] || Hamza b. 'Abd al-Muttalib || 300 cavalries || Abu Jahl b. Hisham || 'Is || No Battle | ||
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| 2/624 [[Rajab]] || 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh || 8 or 11 from Muhajirun || 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh || 4 || 'Amr b. al-Hadrami || Nakhla || 'Amr b. al-Hadrami was killid and two others and some goods were captured as slave and trophy. | | 2/624 [[Rajab]] || 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh || 8 or 11 from Muhajirun || 'Abd Allah b. Jahsh || 4 || 'Amr b. al-Hadrami || Nakhla || 'Amr b. al-Hadrami was killid and two others and some goods were captured as slave and trophy. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2/624 [[Ramadan]] || 'Umayr b. ' | | 2/624 [[Ramadan]] || 'Umayr b. 'Adi || 1 || || 'Asma' bt. Marwan || || || 'Asma' bt. Marwan was killid. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 2/624 [[ | | 2/624 [[Shawwal]] || Salim b. 'Umayr || 1 || || Abu 'Afak || || || Abu 'Afak was killed. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 3/624 Rabi' al-Awwal || Muhammad b. Maslama || 4 || Muhammad b. Muslima || Ka'b b. Ashraf || || || Ka'b b. Ashraf was killed. | | 3/624 Rabi' al-Awwal || Muhammad b. Maslama || 4 || Muhammad b. Muslima || Ka'b b. Ashraf || || || Ka'b b. Ashraf was killed. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| 9/630 Rabi' al-Thani || 'Ukkasha b. Mihsan || || || 'Udhra & Baliyy || || Jinab|| | | 9/630 Rabi' al-Thani || 'Ukkasha b. Mihsan || || || 'Udhra & Baliyy || || Jinab|| | ||
|} | |} | ||
<ref>Ayati, ''Tarikh'', p.192-510</ref> | <ref>Ayati, ''Tarikh'', p.192-510</ref> | ||
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* Hadira: a group of less than 10 sent for war. | * Hadira: a group of less than 10 sent for war. | ||
* Ar'an: unparalleled Grand Army. | * Ar'an: unparalleled Grand Army. | ||
* Khamis: A great army.<ref>Ayati, ''Tarikh | * Khamis: A great army.<ref>Ayati, ''Tarikh'', p.283</ref> | ||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
{{ | {{notes}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{References}} | {{References}} | ||
* Ayati, Muhammad Ibrahim. ''Tarikh payambar Islam''. Tehran: Tehran Universiy, 1378 | * Ayati, Muhammad Ibrahim. ''Tarikh-i payambar-i Islam''. Tehran: Tehran Universiy, 1378 | ||
* Halabi, 'Ali b. Ibrahim al-. ''Al-Sira al- | * Halabi, 'Ali b. Ibrahim al-. ''Al-Sira al-halabiyya''. | ||
* Ibn Athir, Mubarak b. Muhammad. ''Al-Nihaya fi gharib al-hadith wa l-athar''. Qom: Isma'iliyan, 1376 | * Ibn Athir, Mubarak b. Muhammad. ''Al-Nihaya fi gharib al-hadith wa l-athar''. Qom: Isma'iliyan, 1376 | ||
* Ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat al-nabiyy''. Mustafa al-Halabi, 1355 | * Ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat al-nabiyy''. Mustafa al-Halabi, 1355 | ||
* Mas'udi, 'Ali b. Husayn al-. ''Al-Tanbih wa l-Ishraf''. Tehran: Intishart 'Ilmi Farhangi, 1356 | * Mas'udi, 'Ali b. Husayn al-. ''Al-Tanbih wa l-Ishraf''. Tehran: Intishart-i 'Ilmi Farhangi, 1356 | ||
* Miqrizi, Ahamd b. 'Ali al-. ''Imta' al-asma' ''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya | * Miqrizi, Ahamd b. 'Ali al-. ''Imta' al-asma' ''. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-'Ilmiyya | ||
* Tabrisi, Fadl b. Hasan al-. ''I'lam al-wara bi | * Tabrisi, al-Fadl b. al-Hasan al-. ''I'lam al-wara bi a'lam al-huda''. Beirut: Dar al-Ma'rifa, 1399 | ||
{{end}} | {{end}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
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[[Category:Prophet Muhammad (s)]] | [[Category:Prophet Muhammad (s)]] | ||
[[Category:History of Islam]] | |||