Amina bt. Wahb: Difference between revisions

Amina was born in [[Mecca]]. His father, Wahb, was a great member of [[Banu Zuhra]] tribe, and his ancestor, Abd Manaf b. Zuhrah was his cousin's peer, Abd Manaf b. Qusay. They are called Manafayn for respect. The female ancestor of his father, 'Atika, Awaqas b. Murrat b. Hilal al-Salimah's daughter, one of the third 'Atika whom the prophet was proud of being her offspring and said: "I'm the offspring of 'Awatik from Banu Salim."

Her mother was Barrah. Her mother's ancestor was 'Umm Habib, daughter of 'Asad b. al-'izz b. Qusay and the mother of her was Barrah bt. 'Awaf.

She was the best girl in [[Quraysh]] in terms of lineage and character when getting married with [['Abd Allah b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]]. Before 'Abd Allah proposed to Amina, some women such as Nufil b. Asad's daughter, Fatima bt. Marr, and Liyli 'Udwiyyah had proposed to him. According to Bandarli, when Amina got married with 'Abd Allah, many [[Mecca]] women became heartbroken. Their ceremony lasted for three days and nights. During this period, 'Abd Allah was in bride's house on the basis of the tribe tradition.

 

The house where they lived had stone stairs which were connected to the door opening to the North. From that area, they could enter a place 12 meters length and 6 meters width. In the right side of right wall was a door opening to a dome. In the middle, inclining to the west wall,s was a room made of wood, for the bride's rest and sleep.

According to some historical reports, 'Abd Allah passed away a little time after prophet's birth. Some people think 'Abd Allah's early death after his survival from being sacrificed represents that it was doomed for 'Abd Allah to marry Amina, therefore the prophet would be born.

Sawda, daughter of Zuhrah Kalabiyya, who was the fortune teller of [[Quraysh]] said to Bani Zuhrah: "There is a woman among you who warns from bad things or she will give birth to a prophet; show me your girls." They did so. Afterwards, she talked to each of them, and said about Amina:"She either is a prophet or will give birth to one."

Amina told [[Muhammad]] about her pregnancy: I didn't notice my pregnancy and did not feel like being heavy like other pregnant women. Someone, in dream or reality, came to me and asked: Do you think you are pregnant? I replied I didn't know. That person said: You are pregnant of a baby superior to all people in this 'ummat.

Another narration is: Amina said when pregnancy, someone told me you have the baby superior to all people of this 'ummat; when you give birth to him say:"Aya'izuhu Bi al-Wahid Min Sharr Kull Hasid.", and name him Muhammad.

She gave birth to him in [[Rabi' I 17]], [['Am al-Fil]]. [[Sunnis]] believe it was in [[Rabi' I 12]]. The news of his birth made [[Banu Hashim]] very happy so that [[Abu Lahab]] set free his slave Thabiyyah Aslamiyah who brought his cousin's birth news. [['Abd al-Muttalib]] named him Muhammad. When [[Quraysh]] asked about his grandson's name, he replied:"I want him to be praised in heaven and earth."

After two years of milking to Muhammad, she brought the baby to Amina, but asked her to let her take Muhammad to the desert and keep him; since he had some blesses for them and protected her from cholera which was spread in [[Mecca]]. Amina consented to her request. Finally, Halima al-Sa'diyya brought back Muhammad to his mother in 6th year of 'Am al-Fil.

Amina took her offspring to visit [['Abd Allah]]'s uncles to [[Medina]] in 7th year of 'Am al-Fil. Muhammad's father uncles were from Banu Najjar. She got sick when returning from Medina and passed away in [[al-Abwa']]. 'Umm Ayman brought Muhammad back to Mecca and five days later they arrived to Mecca.

Some people say the [[Prophet (s)]] decided to do [[hajj]] 'umra while coming back from [[ghazwa Tabuk]]. Therefore, he set off for [[Mecca]]: When he arrived in his mother's shrine, he asked [[God]] for the permission to pray for her forgiveness, but his request was rejected and this [[verse]] was sent to him:"And the request of forgiveness of [[Ibrahim]] for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became apparent to Ibrahim that his father was an enemy to [[Allah]], he disassociated himself from him. Indeed was Ibrahim compassionate and patient."

In [[Shi'a]] view, these [[hadith]]s are not authentic, because imami shi'a unanimously believes in faith of [[Abu Talib]], Amina bt. Wahb, [['Abd Allah b. 'Abd al-Muttalib]] and the entire prophet's ancestor to [[Adam]]. This was pointed out in hadiths: "[[Jibra'il]] came to the [[prophet (s)]] and said: Muhammad! Your God sends his regards to you and states: I've made hell's fire forbidden for the waist (sulb) which descended you, the uterus which was pregnant of you, and the one who brought you up. That waist belongs to 'Abd Allah b. 'Abd al-Muttalib, that uterus is Amina bt. Wahb's, and the one who brought the prophet up was Abu Talib, according to Ibn Faddal's hadith, and Fatima bt. Asad.", [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] stated.

In addition to this, Shi'a has raised some problems to the mentioned hadiths. For instance, [[al-'Allama al-Amini]] says: Didn't the prophet know he and his followers could not pray for idolaters' forgiveness and mediate for them, even after sending many verses in Tabuk day? So, how he asked for the permission to pray for his mother's forgiveness and to mediate for her? Did he think his mother is not counted as human? Has this [[hadith]] been made to contaminate the holy prophet's reputation or view his mother an idolater? He writes in the following: Some have interpreted requesting for forgiveness praying for the corpse. In this case, it would be in harmony with the mentioned hadiths.

* The material for writing this article has been mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/آمنه بنت وهب آمنه_بنت_وهب] in Farsi wikishia.