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Ahl al-Bayt (a): Difference between revisions
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In the Arabic lexicon, the word "ahl" ({{ia|أهل}}) refers to a relation and connection between a person with another. For example, in Arabic, wife is known as the "ahl" of her husband, the people of every prophet is known as his "ahl", or the residents of a city are the "ahl" of that city. Also, followers of a religion are the "ahl" of that religion.<ref>Ibn Fāris, ''Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha'', vol. 1, p. 93; Fayyūmī, ''al-Miṣbāḥ al-munīr'', vol. 1, p. 37; Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', vol. 1, p. 186.</ref> Ahl al-Bayt (a) means the people of the house of the [[Prophet (s)]]; The famous lexicographer, Ibn Hayyan, has defined Ahl al-Bayt as: "The family of a man: his wife and people closely related to him." This title has a special meaning for Muslims.<ref>Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, ''al-Mufradāt'', p. 29.</ref> | In the Arabic lexicon, the word "ahl" ({{ia|أهل}}) refers to a relation and connection between a person with another. For example, in Arabic, wife is known as the "ahl" of her husband, the people of every prophet is known as his "ahl", or the residents of a city are the "ahl" of that city. Also, followers of a religion are the "ahl" of that religion.<ref>Ibn Fāris, ''Muʿjam maqāyīs al-lugha'', vol. 1, p. 93; Fayyūmī, ''al-Miṣbāḥ al-munīr'', vol. 1, p. 37; Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', vol. 1, p. 186.</ref> Ahl al-Bayt (a) means the people of the house of the [[Prophet (s)]]; The famous lexicographer, Ibn Hayyan, has defined Ahl al-Bayt as: "The family of a man: his wife and people closely related to him." This title has a special meaning for Muslims.<ref>Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, ''al-Mufradāt'', p. 29.</ref> | ||
The word "{{ia|آل}}" (Āl) is derived from"{{ia|أهل}}" (ahl) with the letter "ha" ({{ia|ه}}) | The word "{{ia|آل}}" (Āl) is derived from"{{ia|أهل}}" (ahl) with the letter "ha" ({{ia|ه}}) turned into hamza and then into alif.<ref>Ibn Manẓūr, ''Lisān al-ʿArab'', vol. 1, p. 186.</ref> The usage of the word "āl ({{ia|آل}})" is more specific than the usage of "ahl" because "آل" is only used to describe a relation or connection between two people such as: [[Ibrahim (a)]] in Al Ibrahim (a), 'Imran in Al 'Imran, and to [[Fir'awn]] (Pharaoh) in Al Fir'awn.<ref>Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, ''al-Mufradāt'', p. 30.</ref> | ||
== In the Qur'an == | == In the Qur'an == | ||
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# Its '''overly general''' usage includes those with no kinship with the Prophet (s). Those Muslims who have been resolute and sincere in following the Prophet (s). [[Salman al-Farsi]],<ref>Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib'', vol. 1, p. 85; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> and [[Abu Dhar]]<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Makārim al-akhlāq'', p. 459.</ref> have been mentioned among the Ahl al-Bayt by the Prophet (s). Also, in some other traditions, other people have also been referred to as Ahl al-Bayt, such as [[Usama b. Zayd]]<ref>Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> and Wathila b. Asqa'.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''al-Kabīr'', vol. 22, p. 12.</ref> | # Its '''overly general''' usage includes those with no kinship with the Prophet (s). Those Muslims who have been resolute and sincere in following the Prophet (s). [[Salman al-Farsi]],<ref>Ibn Shahrāshūb, ''Manāqib'', vol. 1, p. 85; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> and [[Abu Dhar]]<ref>Ṭabrisī, ''Makārim al-akhlāq'', p. 459.</ref> have been mentioned among the Ahl al-Bayt by the Prophet (s). Also, in some other traditions, other people have also been referred to as Ahl al-Bayt, such as [[Usama b. Zayd]]<ref>Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> and Wathila b. Asqa'.<ref>Ṭabarī, ''al-Kabīr'', vol. 22, p. 12.</ref> | ||
# The '''general usage''' which include all relatives of the Prophet (s), to whom giving [[ | # The '''general usage''' which include all relatives of the Prophet (s), to whom giving [[zakat]] is prohibited.<ref>Muslim, ''Saḥīḥ Muslim'', vol. 4, p. 1873.</ref> In another hadith, [[al-'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib|al-'Abbas]], the uncle of the Prophet (s) and his children have been considered to be from among the Ahl al-Bayt.<ref>Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> | ||
# The '''special usage''' of Ahl al-Bayt is about the [[wives of the Prophet (s)]]. Undoubtedly, the Prophet's (s) wives are the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet (a) according to the lexical and common meaning of the Ahl al-Bayt, and here "Bayt" refers to the house, not kinship nor prophethood. | # The '''special usage''' of Ahl al-Bayt is about the [[wives of the Prophet (s)]]. Undoubtedly, the Prophet's (s) wives are the Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet (a) according to the lexical and common meaning of the Ahl al-Bayt, and here "Bayt" refers to the house, not kinship nor prophethood. | ||
# The '''very special usage''' of Ahl al-Bayt refers to those in the family of the Prophet (s) who are [[infallible]], whom have been referred to in the [[al-Tathir verse|al-Tathir]], [[al-Mubahala verse|al-Mubahala]] verses, and the [[people of Kisa']] as [[Ali (a)]], [[lady Fatima (a)|Fatima (a)]], [[al-Hasan (a)]], and [[al-Husayn (a)]].<ref>Ṭaḥāwī, ''Mushkil al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 332-339.; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> Some hadiths such as [[hadith al-Thaqalayn]], [[hadith al-Safina]], etc. imply the existence of the Ahl al-Bayt (a) at all times who are the people of Kisa' as well as the infallible Imams (a) among the children of Imam al-Husayn (a). | # The '''very special usage''' of Ahl al-Bayt refers to those in the family of the Prophet (s) who are [[infallible]], whom have been referred to in the [[al-Tathir verse|al-Tathir]], [[al-Mubahala verse|al-Mubahala]] verses, and the [[people of Kisa']] as [[Ali (a)]], [[lady Fatima (a)|Fatima (a)]], [[al-Hasan (a)]], and [[al-Husayn (a)]].<ref>Ṭaḥāwī, ''Mushkil al-āthār'', vol. 1, p. 332-339.; Ibn Ḥajar, ''al-Ṣawāʾiq al-muḥraqa'', p. 281.</ref> Some hadiths such as [[hadith al-Thaqalayn]], [[hadith al-Safina]], etc. imply the existence of the Ahl al-Bayt (a) at all times who are the people of Kisa' as well as the infallible Imams (a) among the children of Imam al-Husayn (a). | ||