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Al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli: Difference between revisions
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| Permission for hadith transmission to = | | Permission for hadith transmission to = | ||
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| Works =''[[Sharayi' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa | | Works =''[[Sharayi' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa l-haram|Sharayi' al-islam]]'', ''[[Al-Mukhtasar al-nafi' fi fiqh al-Imamiyya]]'', ''[[Al-Nafi' fi mukhtasar al-sharayi']]'', ... | ||
| Scholarly activities = | | Scholarly activities = | ||
| Socio-political activities = | | Socio-political activities = | ||
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'''Abu l-Qāsim Jaʿfar b. Ḥasan b. Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Ḥillī''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|ابوالقاسم جعفر بن حسن بن یحیی بن سعید الحلي}}), (b. [[602]]/1205 - d. [[676]]/1277) commonly regarded as '''al-Muhaqqiq al-Hillī''' or '''al-Muhaqqiq al-Awwal''', was a great [[Shi'a]] [[faqih]] (jurist), [[usuli]], and poet in the 7/[[13]] century. He was one of the best-known faqihs of his time, and he is meant by the word "Muhaqqiq" (researcher) whenever it is used without any indication in the works of faqihs. | '''Abu l-Qāsim Jaʿfar b. Ḥasan b. Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd al-Ḥillī''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|ابوالقاسم جعفر بن حسن بن یحیی بن سعید الحلي}}), (b. [[602]]/1205 - d. [[676]]/1277) commonly regarded as '''al-Muhaqqiq al-Hillī''' or '''al-Muhaqqiq al-Awwal''', was a great [[Shi'a]] [[faqih]] (jurist), [[usuli]], and poet in the 7/[[13]] century. He was one of the best-known faqihs of his time, and he is meant by the word "Muhaqqiq" (researcher) whenever it is used without any indication in the works of faqihs. | ||
Some great scholars, such as [[al-'Allama al-Hilli]], [[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]], [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim b. Tawus]], and [[Ibn Sa'id al-Hilli]] were among his students. He was exceptionally respected by [[Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi]]. He was the author of ''[[Sharayi' al-Islam]]'' and ''[[ | Some great scholars, such as [[al-'Allama al-Hilli]], [[Ibn Dawud al-Hilli]], [[Sayyid 'Abd al-Karim b. Tawus]], and [[Ibn Sa'id al-Hilli]] were among his students. He was exceptionally respected by [[Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi]]. He was the author of ''[[Sharayi' al-Islam]]'' and ''[[al-Mukhtasar al-nafi' fi fiqh al-Imamiyya]]''. | ||
==Birth and Education== | ==Birth and Education== | ||
Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli was born in 602/1205 in [[Hillah]], [[Iraq]]. He was gifted with great intelligence and talent. He started the study of conventional sciences of the time in his childhood. As it was his mother tongue, he studied Arabic literature very well, and acquired a good knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, [[logic]], and [[theology]]. Then he learned [[fiqh]] and [[usul]] from his learned father [[ | Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli was born in 602/1205 in [[Hillah]], [[Iraq]]. He was gifted with great intelligence and talent. He started the study of conventional sciences of the time in his childhood. As it was his mother tongue, he studied Arabic literature very well, and acquired a good knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, [[logic]], and [[theology]]. Then he learned [[fiqh]] and [[usul]] from his learned father [[Hasan b. Yahya]], and from other famous scholars of Hillah, such as [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Nama|Ibn Nama]] and [[Sayyid Fakhkhar al-Musawi]], who were the students of the great [[Shi'a]] jurist; [[Ibn Idris al-Hilli]]. He passed away in the morning of [[Rabi' I 13]], 676/August 21, 1277 at the age of 74 and was buried in Hillah. | ||
==Teachers== | ==Teachers== | ||
{{col-begin}} | {{col-begin}} | ||
* His father; Shams al-Din [[ | * His father; Shams al-Din [[Hasan b. Yahya al-Hilli]]. | ||
* [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Nama]] | * [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Nama]] | ||
* [[Abu l-Makarim Ibn Zuhra]]. Of course there are doubts about his being a student of Ibn Zuhra. [[Murtada Mutahhari]] states that al-Muhaqiq passed away in 676/1277-78 and he could definitely not have attended the lessons of Ibn Zuhra who had died in 585/1189.<ref>Mutahhari, ''Ashnayi ba 'ulum isalmi'', vol.3 p.81-82</ref> | * [[Abu l-Makarim Ibn Zuhra]]. Of course there are doubts about his being a student of Ibn Zuhra. [[Murtada Mutahhari]] states that al-Muhaqiq passed away in 676/1277-78 and he could definitely not have attended the lessons of Ibn Zuhra who had died in 585/1189.<ref>Mutahhari, ''Ashnayi ba 'ulum isalmi'', vol.3 p.81-82</ref> | ||
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He was a fluent writer and had many profound books. The author of ''[[Rayhanat al-adab]]'' and the author of ''[[Riyad al-'ulama']]'' have counted up to fourteen volumes of his books, some of which are still among the course books of religious studies: | He was a fluent writer and had many profound books. The author of ''[[Rayhanat al-adab]]'' and the author of ''[[Riyad al-'ulama']]'' have counted up to fourteen volumes of his books, some of which are still among the course books of religious studies: | ||
* ''[[Shara'i' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa | * ''[[Shara'i' al-Islam fi masa'il al-halal wa l-haram]]''; regarding both text and context, it is one of the greatest [[fiqh]] books of [[Shi'a]]. It has been considered and highly acclaimed by great scholars, and many commentaries and annotations are written on it, the best example of which is ''[[Jawahir al-kalam]]'' in 43 volumes. ''Sharayi' al-Islam'' is translated into Persian, Russian, French, German, and Urdu, and is used in judicial faculties and institutes; | ||
* ''[[Al-Mukhtasar al-nafi' fi fiqh al-Imamiyya]]''; this is the abridged edition of ''Sharayi' al-Islam''. Due to its briefness and inclusiveness, this book is in favor with scholarly and educational circles. ''[[Riyad al-masa'il]]'' by [[al-Sayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i]] is a commentary on this book. | * ''[[Al-Mukhtasar al-nafi' fi fiqh al-Imamiyya]]''; this is the abridged edition of ''Sharayi' al-Islam''. Due to its briefness and inclusiveness, this book is in favor with scholarly and educational circles. ''[[Riyad al-masa'il]]'' by [[al-Sayyid 'Ali al-Tabataba'i]] is a commentary on this book. | ||
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* ''[[Istihbab al-tayasur li-'Ahl al-Iraq]]'' | * ''[[Istihbab al-tayasur li-'Ahl al-Iraq]]'' | ||
* ''[[Sharh nukat al-nihaya]]'' | * ''[[Sharh nukat al-nihaya]]'' | ||
* ''[[Al-Kuhna fi | * ''[[Al-Kuhna fi l-mantiq]]'' | ||
* ''[[Mukhtasar al-marasim]]'', which is an abridged edition of ''[[al-Marasim]]'', by [[Sallar al-Daylami]]. | * ''[[Mukhtasar al-marasim]]'', which is an abridged edition of ''[[al-Marasim]]'', by [[Sallar al-Daylami]]. | ||
* ''[[Al-Masa'il al-Qariyya]]'' | * ''[[Al-Masa'il al-Qariyya]]'' | ||
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[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] has noted about him in an [[Ijaza]] (authorization) he gave to [[Zuhra Dynasty]]: "He was the greatest [[fiqh]] scholar of his time."<ref>[[Sayyid_Muhsin_al-Amin|Al-Amin]], ''[[A'yan al-shi'a]]'', vol.4 p.89</ref> | [[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] has noted about him in an [[Ijaza]] (authorization) he gave to [[Zuhra Dynasty]]: "He was the greatest [[fiqh]] scholar of his time."<ref>[[Sayyid_Muhsin_al-Amin|Al-Amin]], ''[[A'yan al-shi'a]]'', vol.4 p.89</ref> | ||
[[Al-Muhaddith al-Nuri]] has praised him as follows: | |||
:"(He was) the discoverer of facts of [[Shari'a]] (Divine Law), with such delicate points known by no one before. He was the chief of scholars, the [[jurist]] of [[philosophy|philosophers]], the luminous sun of the learned, and the full moon of [[:Category:Shiʿa mystics|mystics]]. His name and knowledge recounts the story of [[Khazra' Island]], and is the heir to the knowledge of the [[infallible]] [[Imams (a)]] and legitimate leaders of all creatures. He raised the flag of investigation over creatures. May [[God]] send apparent and concealed beam of His [[blessing]]s on his tomb, and grant him a proper place and elevated position in [[Paradise]]." | :"(He was) the discoverer of facts of [[Shari'a]] (Divine Law), with such delicate points known by no one before. He was the chief of scholars, the [[jurist]] of [[philosophy|philosophers]], the luminous sun of the learned, and the full moon of [[:Category:Shiʿa mystics|mystics]]. His name and knowledge recounts the story of [[Khazra' Island]], and is the heir to the knowledge of the [[infallible]] [[Imams (a)]] and legitimate leaders of all creatures. He raised the flag of investigation over creatures. May [[God]] send apparent and concealed beam of His [[blessing]]s on his tomb, and grant him a proper place and elevated position in [[Paradise]]." | ||