Al-Muhaqqiq al-Hilli: Difference between revisions

Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli was born in 602/1205 in [[Hillah]], [[Iraq]]. He was gifted with great intelligence and talent. He started the study of conventional sciences of the time in his childhood. As it was his mother tongue, he studied Arabic literature very well, and acquired a good knowledge of astronomy, mathematics, [[logic]], and [[theology]]. Then he learned [[fiqh]] and [[usul]] from his learned father [[Hasan b. Yahya]], and from other famous scholars of Hillah, such as [[Muhammad b. Ja'far b. Nama|Ibn Nama]] and [[Sayyid Fakhkhar al-Musawi]], who were the students of the great [[Shi'a]] jurist; [[Ibn Idris al-Hilli]]. He passed away in the morning of [[Rabi' I 13]], 676/August 21, 1277 at the age of 74 and was buried in Hillah.

* [[Abu l-Makarim Ibn Zuhra]]. Of course there are doubts about his being a student of Ibn Zuhra. [[Murtada Mutahhari]] states that al-Muhaqiq passed away in 676/1277-78 and he could definitely not have attended the lessons of Ibn Zuhra who had died in 585/1189.<ref>Mutahhari, ''Ashnayi ba 'ulum isalmi'', vol.3 p.81-82</ref>

* Taj al-Din [[Hasan b. 'Ali b. Dirbi]].<ref>Amin, ''A'yan al-shi'a'', Vol.4 p.91; [[Khuwansari]], ''[[Rawdat al-jannat]]'', vol.2 p.188</ref>

* [[Muhammad b. Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Kufi]].<ref>Khwansari, ''Rawdat al-jannat'', vol.2 p.183; Afandi, ''[[Riyad al-'ulama' wa hiyad al-fudala' (Book)|Riyad al-'ulama']]'', vol.1 p.104</ref>

* ''[[Nukat al-nihaya]]'' <ref>Mudarris, ''Rayhana al-adab'', vol.5 p.235</ref>

Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli was also a poet. [[Ethics]], [[mysticism]], and [[wisdom]] were the main contents of his poetry, and they were written in forms of correspondence and capping verses, addressing his father or friends.<ref>[[Sayyid_Muhsin_al-Amin|Al-Amin]], ''[[A'yan al-shi'a]]'', vol.4 p.89</ref>

[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] has noted about him in an [[Ijaza]] (authorization) he gave to [[Zuhra Dynasty]]: "He was the greatest [[fiqh]] scholar of his time."<ref>[[Sayyid_Muhsin_al-Amin|Al-Amin]], ''[[A'yan al-shi'a]]'', vol.4 p.89</ref>

:"The pen is impotent in counting his virtues. He is the author of ''[[Sharayi' al-Islam]]'', which is as the [[Qur'an]] of fiqh [it is the most important book in the field]. He has some well-known books in [[usul al-fiqh]] as ''[[al-Nafi']]'', ''[[al-Mu'tabar]]'', and ''[[al-Ma'arij]]'', and has some compilations in [[theology]] which are mentioned in the comprehensive books, and more than 400 learned [[mujtahid]]s were graduated from his lessons, the resume of whom is recorded in [[rijal]] books, and such achievements are yet gained by no one else. He passed away in [[Hillah]] in [[Rabi' II]], [[696]], and there is a shrine to his honorable grave, which is blessed by [[pilgrim]]s."<ref>Sadr, ''Ta'sis al-shi'a'', p.305-306</ref>

:"[[Al-'Allama al-Hilli]] would have better called al-Muhaqiq the greatest fiqh scholar of all times, for he was the foremost amongst the Shi'a faqihs, and no one resembles him."<ref>Al-Amin, ''A'yan al-shi'a'', vol.4 p.89</ref>

:"In his time, al-Muhaqiq was incomparable, the most eloquent, and the most logical, and mindful."<ref>Dawani, ''Maktab-i Islam mag'', 3rd year, no.1 p.64-65</ref>

Describing him, [[Murtada Mutahhari]] says:

:"There is no precedent for him in fiqh. His highness is meant by the word "Muhaqiq" (investigator) whenever it is used without any indication in the works of jurists. The great philosopher and mathematician, [[Khwaja Nasir al-Din al-Tusi]], has visited him in [[Hillah]], and attended his fiqh lessons. The books of al-Muhaqiq, especially ''Sharayi''', are, and have been among the course books of religious students, and many scholars have written commentaries and annotations on them.<ref>Mutahhari, ''Ashnayi ba 'ulum Isalmi'', vol.3 p.81-82</ref>

Al-Muhaqiq al-Hilli passed away in [[676]]/1277-78 at the age of 74, and was buried in Hillah.<ref>Mudarris, ''Rayhana al-adab'', vol.5 p.236</ref>

* The material for this article is mainly taken from [http://fa.wikishia.net/view/محقق_حلی محقق حلي] in Farsi Wikishia.

* Mudarris, Muhammad 'Ali. ''Rayhana al-adab'',  [[Qom]], Khayyam, 1369;

* Mutahhari, Murtada. ''Ashnayi ba 'ulum Isalmi'', Qom, Sadra;

* Al-Amin, Muhsin. ''[[A'yan al-shi'a]]'', Beirut, 1403;

* Khuwansari, Muhammad Baqir. ''[[Rawdat al-jannat]]'', Qom, Isma'iliyan;

* Afandi, 'Abd Allah. ''[[Riyad al-'ulama' wa hiyad al-fudala' (Book)|Riyad al-'ulama' wa hiyad al-fudala']]'', Qom, Khayyam, 1401;

* Sadr, Sayyid Hasan. ''Ta'sis al-shi'a'', Tehran, A'lami, 1375;

* Dawani, ''Maktab-i Islam mag''.