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Ziyara: Difference between revisions
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Although Ziyarah of the graves of the righteous, especially the Prophet (s) is accepted by all Muslims, however the concept of Ziyarah is more important in Shi'a culture. In addition to Ziyarah of the Prophet (s), Ziyarah of infallible Imams (a) is also a part of Shi'a rituals and is very important to them. | Although Ziyarah of the graves of the righteous, especially the Prophet (s) is accepted by all Muslims, however the concept of Ziyarah is more important in Shi'a culture. In addition to Ziyarah of the Prophet (s), Ziyarah of infallible Imams (a) is also a part of Shi'a rituals and is very important to them. | ||
In Shi'a culture, Ziyarah means the connection with the infallible Imam (a) and admitting his [[ | In Shi'a culture, Ziyarah means the connection with the infallible Imam (a) and admitting his [[Wilaya]], Ziyarah has a tight relation with the issue of the [[love of the Ahl al-Bayt (a)]], [[Tawalli]] [Loving] and [[Tabarri]] [rejecting]. | ||
Ziyarah of the [[Infallible]] (a) is among the signs and requirements of loyalty towards them and doing justice to their rights of | Ziyarah of the [[Infallible]] (a) is among the signs and requirements of loyalty towards them and doing justice to their rights of Wilaya over their followers; since, in the view of Shi'a, the Prophet (s) and Imams (a) have Wilaya and even after they pass away, their positions are preserved. | ||
One of the fruits of Imam's | One of the fruits of Imam's Wilaya is his control over the hearts, meaning that Imam has control over souls and hearts of people. In most Ziyarah texts, such a Wilaya and Imama is admitted; for example, it is mentioned in texts for Ziyarah of Imams (a), "I attest that you see me here and hear my word and answer my salutation." In Shi'a view, the soul of Imam becomes aware about his visitor with God's permission and this has made Ziyarah for Shi'a a lovely and spiritual meeting, the influence of which can obviously be seen in Shi'a prose and poetry. Ziyarah and the holy shrines of the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] have had great roles in Shi'a history and paying great attention to these is considered among significant cultural symbols of Shi'a. | ||
== Types == | == Types == | ||
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Some common manners of Ziyarah are: | Some common manners of Ziyarah are: | ||
* To make Ziyarah with knowledge; according to many hadiths, the full reward of Ziyarah would be given to those who do it being aware and having knowledge about the position of Imam (a) ('Arif bi-haqqih [knowing his rights]). Although, having knowledge has different levels, but the minimum degree of that is that the visitor knows that he is visiting an [[infallible]] Imam (a) who has [[ | * To make Ziyarah with knowledge; according to many hadiths, the full reward of Ziyarah would be given to those who do it being aware and having knowledge about the position of Imam (a) ('Arif bi-haqqih [knowing his rights]). Although, having knowledge has different levels, but the minimum degree of that is that the visitor knows that he is visiting an [[infallible]] Imam (a) who has [[Wilaya]], whose obedience is [[obligatory]], that he (a) is the successor of the Prophet (s) and that the visitor needs to admit to Imam's (a) rights and obey his orders. To explain what it means to be aware and to have knowledge about the rights of Imam, Imam al-Kazim (a) said, "It is to know that his obedience is obligatory and that he is [[Gharib]] [left in distance without help] and martyred." | ||
* To do ritual bath for Ziyarah | * To do ritual bath for Ziyarah | ||
* To make [[Wudu]] [ablution] and be pure | * To make [[Wudu]] [ablution] and be pure | ||
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* Reciting [[Idn Dukhul]] [permission for entrance] | * Reciting [[Idn Dukhul]] [permission for entrance] | ||
* Going near the grave, so that the visitor reaches [[Darih]] and hang on it, provided that he does not have any bothering for other visitors and do not lead to mixing with [[Non-Mahrams]]. (However, Ziyarah of Imams (a) is not only touching and kissing Darih; but the visitor can receive the full rewards of Ziyarah without touching Darih, only by reciting Ziyarah text and saluting those honorable ones; and the idea that if a person does not reach Darih or kiss it, his Ziyarah would be incomplete, is wrong.) | * Going near the grave, so that the visitor reaches [[Darih]] and hang on it, provided that he does not have any bothering for other visitors and do not lead to mixing with [[Non-Mahrams]]. (However, Ziyarah of Imams (a) is not only touching and kissing Darih; but the visitor can receive the full rewards of Ziyarah without touching Darih, only by reciting Ziyarah text and saluting those honorable ones; and the idea that if a person does not reach Darih or kiss it, his Ziyarah would be incomplete, is wrong.) | ||
* Reciting [[Ziyarah texts]] received from [[Imams (a)]], such as the [[Ziyarah | * Reciting [[Ziyarah texts]] received from [[Imams (a)]], such as the [[Ziyarah Amin Allah]] , [[Ziyara Jami’a Kabira|Jami'a al-Kabira]] and the [[Ziyarah of A'immat al-Mu'minin]]. | ||
* Not speaking loudly and reciting [[du'a]] in low tone | * Not speaking loudly and reciting [[du'a]] in low tone | ||
* Doing two [[rak'a]]s of [[prayer]] and gifting its reward to the dweller of the grave | * Doing two [[rak'a]]s of [[prayer]] and gifting its reward to the dweller of the grave | ||
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The importance of Ziyarah and great range of its manners has made the discussion of Ziyarat text (Farsi: زیارت نامه, Ziyrat nameh) or Mazar (Arabic: مزار, lit.: visiting) as an important religious issue, to be the subject for many works. [[Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi]]'s ''[[Kamil al-Ziyarat]]'' is among the most authentic such references. Other such works are [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]'s ''[[al-Mazar]]'', [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]'s ''[[Misbah al-mutahajjid]]'', [[Sayyid b. Tawus]]'s ''[[Muhaj al-da'awat]]'', [[Shaykh Baha'i]]'s ''[[al-Mazar al-kabir]]'', [[al-Allama al-Majlisi]]'s ''[[Tuhfat al-za'ir]]'' and [[Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi]]'s ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''. | The importance of Ziyarah and great range of its manners has made the discussion of Ziyarat text (Farsi: زیارت نامه, Ziyrat nameh) or Mazar (Arabic: مزار, lit.: visiting) as an important religious issue, to be the subject for many works. [[Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi]]'s ''[[Kamil al-Ziyarat]]'' is among the most authentic such references. Other such works are [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]'s ''[[al-Mazar]]'', [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]'s ''[[Misbah al-mutahajjid]]'', [[Sayyid b. Tawus]]'s ''[[Muhaj al-da'awat]]'', [[Shaykh Baha'i]]'s ''[[al-Mazar al-kabir]]'', [[al-Allama al-Majlisi]]'s ''[[Tuhfat al-za'ir]]'' and [[Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi]]'s ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''. | ||
Ziyarah texts received from the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] mostly have content rich from authentic Islamic beliefs and teachings. Some of such Ziayarah texts have found more importance and fame due to their special content or reference; such as [[Ziyarh 'Ashura]], [[Ziyarah Jami'a al- | Ziyarah texts received from the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] mostly have content rich from authentic Islamic beliefs and teachings. Some of such Ziayarah texts have found more importance and fame due to their special content or reference; such as [[Ziyarh 'Ashura]], [[Ziyara Jami’a Kabira|Ziyarah al-Jami'a al-kabira]], [[Ziyarah Amin Allah]], [[Ziyarah Warith]], [[Ziyarah Al Yasin]] and [[Ziyarah Jami'a A'immat al-Mu'minin]]. | ||
=== Content === | === Content === | ||