Anonymous user
Ziyara: Difference between revisions
m
no edit summary
imported>Rezvani m (پیوند میان ویکی در ویکی داده و حذف آن از مبدا ویرایش) |
imported>E.amini mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
== Manners == | == Manners == | ||
The heart of ziyara is the spiritual attention towards Imam and showing respect, greetings and making spiritual bond with him. However, since Ziyara is considered as going before Imam (a), certain instructions are given for it, following which increases the benefits one can receive from Ziyara. Certain instructions are given for the ziyarah of some Imams (a) such as the Prophet (s) or Imam al-Husayn (a). For example, there are certain [[Du'a]]s and manners recommended to be observed during the ziyara of the Prophet (s), and ziyara of Imam al-Husayn (a) on the day of [['Arafa]] will have more rewards; or ziyara of Imam al-Rida (a) in the months of [[Dhu l-Qa'da]] and [[Rajab]] has been recommended. | The heart of ziyara is the spiritual attention towards Imam and showing respect, greetings, and making a spiritual bond with him. However, since Ziyara is considered as going before Imam (a), certain instructions are given for it, following which increases the benefits one can receive from Ziyara. Certain instructions are given for the ziyarah of some Imams (a) such as the Prophet (s) or Imam al-Husayn (a). For example, there are certain [[Du'a]]s and manners recommended to be observed during the ziyara of the Prophet (s), and ziyara of Imam al-Husayn (a) on the day of [['Arafa]] will have more rewards; or ziyara of Imam al-Rida (a) in the months of [[Dhu l-Qa'da]] and [[Rajab]] has been recommended. | ||
Some common manners of ziyara are:<ref>See: Qummī, ''Mafātīḥ al-janān'', ādāb zīyārat.</ref> | Some common manners of ziyara are:<ref>See: Qummī, ''Mafātīḥ al-janān'', ādāb zīyārat.</ref> | ||
* To make ziyara with knowledge; according to many hadiths, the full reward of ziyara would be given to those who do it being aware and having knowledge about the position of Imam (a) ('Arif bi-haqqih [knowing his rights]). Although | * To make ziyara with knowledge; according to many hadiths, the full reward of ziyara would be given to those who do it being aware and having knowledge about the position of Imam (a) ('Arif bi-haqqih [knowing his rights]). Although having knowledge has different levels, but the minimum degree of that is that the visitor knows that he is visiting an [[infallible]] Imam (a) who has [[Wilaya]], whose obedience is [[obligatory]], that he (a) is the successor of the Prophet (s) and that the visitor needs to admit to Imam's (a) rights and obey his orders. To explain what it means to be aware and to have knowledge about the rights of Imam, Imam al-Kazim (a) said, "It is to know that his obedience is obligatory and that he is [[Gharib]] [left in distance without help] and martyred."<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 99, p. 35.</ref> | ||
* To do [[ghusl]] (ritual bath) for Ziyara<ref>Risālah āyat Allāh Makārim Shīrāzī, rulings of ṭahārat, decree 609.</ref> | * To do [[ghusl]] (ritual bath) for Ziyara<ref>Risālah āyat Allāh Makārim Shīrāzī, rulings of ṭahārat, decree 609.</ref> | ||
* To make [[Wudu]] [ablution] and be pure | * To make [[Wudu]] [ablution] and be pure | ||
| Line 51: | Line 51: | ||
* Going near the grave, so that the visitor reaches [[Darih]] and hang on it, provided that he does not disturb other visitors. (However, ziyara of Imams (a) is not only touching and kissing Darih; but the visitor can receive the full rewards of ziyara without touching Darih, only by reciting ziyara text and saluting those honorable ones; and the idea that if a person does not reach Darih or kiss it, his ziyara would be incomplete, is wrong.) | * Going near the grave, so that the visitor reaches [[Darih]] and hang on it, provided that he does not disturb other visitors. (However, ziyara of Imams (a) is not only touching and kissing Darih; but the visitor can receive the full rewards of ziyara without touching Darih, only by reciting ziyara text and saluting those honorable ones; and the idea that if a person does not reach Darih or kiss it, his ziyara would be incomplete, is wrong.) | ||
* Reciting [[Ziyara texts]] received from [[Imams (a)]], such as the [[Ziyarat Amin Allah]] and [[Al-Ziyara al-Jami'a al-Kabira|al-Jami'a al-Kabira]]. | * Reciting [[Ziyara texts]] received from [[Imams (a)]], such as the [[Ziyarat Amin Allah]] and [[Al-Ziyara al-Jami'a al-Kabira|al-Jami'a al-Kabira]]. | ||
* Not speaking loudly and reciting [[du'a]] in low tone | * Not speaking loudly and reciting [[du'a]] in a low tone | ||
* Doing two [[rak'a]]s of [[prayer]] and gifting its reward to the one buried in the grave | * Doing two [[rak'a]]s of [[prayer]] and gifting its reward to the one buried in the grave | ||
* Reciting du'a and the [[Qur'an]] and gifting its reward to the one buried in the grave | * Reciting du'a and the [[Qur'an]] and gifting its reward to the one buried in the grave | ||
| Line 58: | Line 58: | ||
* Leaving the shrine (especially from around Darih) after ziyara to empty room for others to make ziyara and also not become tired of ziyara and to keep the love of ziyara in his heart. | * Leaving the shrine (especially from around Darih) after ziyara to empty room for others to make ziyara and also not become tired of ziyara and to keep the love of ziyara in his heart. | ||
If someone cannot go to ziyara of an Imam, he can make ziyara from distance. In references of du'a and ziyara (such as ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''), there are special ziyara texts for making ziyara from distance. | If someone cannot go to the ziyara of an Imam, he can make ziyara from distance. In references of du'a and ziyara (such as ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''), there are special ziyara texts for making ziyara from distance. | ||
== Benefits == | == Benefits == | ||
There are different types of Ziyara, each of which has unique benefits. For example, ziyara of [[Ka'ba]] has certain philosophy and certain manners of performance which are mentioned in the references of du'a and ziyara in detail.<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', kitāb al-Ḥajj.</ref> | There are different types of Ziyara, each of which has unique benefits. For example, ziyara of [[Ka'ba]] has certain philosophy and certain manners of performance which are mentioned in the references of du'a and ziyara in detail.<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', kitāb al-Ḥajj.</ref> | ||
Ziyara of the faithful and their graves is a mutual relationship | Ziyara of the faithful and their graves is a mutual relationship that has benefits and fruits both for the visitor and the visited. In addition to abundant rewards for visiting the faithful, it is mentioned in many hadiths that the one is buried in the grave senses the presence of his visitor and becomes happy with their presence.<ref>Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār, vol. 6, p. 256.</ref> Other benefits for the ziyara of the graves of the faithful include being reminded about death, taking lessons, and being prepared for a correction.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 79, p. 64.</ref> | ||
=== Merits of the ziyara of Infallible Imams (a) === | === Merits of the ziyara of Infallible Imams (a) === | ||
| Line 76: | Line 76: | ||
* [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] said, "Anyone who visits the grave of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] for the sake of God, God will free him from the fire of the hell and keeps him safe on the Day of Judgment. He would not ask God any request whether about the world or the hereafter except he would be granted."<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 10, p. 324.</ref> | * [[Imam al-Sadiq (a)]] said, "Anyone who visits the grave of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] for the sake of God, God will free him from the fire of the hell and keeps him safe on the Day of Judgment. He would not ask God any request whether about the world or the hereafter except he would be granted."<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 10, p. 324.</ref> | ||
* [[Imam al-Rida (a)]] said, "The friend and followers of every Imam are bound to a covenant with him which would be fulfilled completely only when those Imams's (a) graves are visited. Thus, one who visits Imams (a) with all his love and admits to anything they desired, his Imams (a) will intercede for him on the [[Day of Judgment]]."<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 14, p. 322.</ref> | * [[Imam al-Rida (a)]] said, "The friend and followers of every Imam are bound to a covenant with him which would be fulfilled completely only when those Imams's (a) graves are visited. Thus, one who visits Imams (a) with all his love and admits to anything they desired, his Imams (a) will intercede for him on the [[Day of Judgment]]."<ref>Ḥurr al-ʿĀmilī, ''Wasāʾil al-Shīʿa'', vol. 14, p. 322.</ref> | ||
* Imam al-Rida (a) said, "Anyone who visits me in this lonely town ([[Mashhad]]), I will come to visit him in three places and will free him from fears: when his records of actions | * Imam al-Rida (a) said, "Anyone who visits me in this lonely town ([[Mashhad]]), I will come to visit him in three places and will free him from fears: when his records of actions are submitted to him when he passes [[Sirat]] and when his actions are being measured." | ||
=== Educational Functions === | === Educational Functions === | ||
| Line 87: | Line 87: | ||
=== Social and Political Functions === | === Social and Political Functions === | ||
[[File:حرم عبدالعظیم حسنی.jpg|thumbnail|right|In the course of the [[Iranian Constitutional Revolution]], some of Shi'a scholars held a sit-in at the Shrine of [['Abd al-'Azim al-Hasani]]]] | [[File:حرم عبدالعظیم حسنی.jpg|thumbnail|right|In the course of the [[Iranian Constitutional Revolution]], some of Shi'a scholars held a sit-in at the Shrine of [['Abd al-'Azim al-Hasani]]]] | ||
Since the beginning of their history and in most ages, Shi'a | Since the beginning of their history and in most ages, Shi'a has been a minority opposite to the government and hated by different political powers; therefore, political and social issues have been blended with the souls and beliefs of Shi'a. | ||
During history of Shi'a, respected shrines of infallible Imams (a) have been centers for knowledge and preaching religion, origins of revolutions and uprisings, places to make covenants for revolutions and social movements, etc. Largest Shi'a seminaries have been developed in [[Najaf]], [[Qom]] and [[Mashhad]]. | During the history of Shi'a, respected shrines of infallible Imams (a) have been centers for knowledge and preaching religion, origins of revolutions and uprisings, places to make covenants for revolutions and social movements, etc. Largest Shi'a seminaries have been developed in [[Najaf]], [[Qom]] and [[Mashhad]]. | ||
According to political and social problems, some major roles can be mentioned for ziyara in brief: | According to political and social problems, some major roles can be mentioned for ziyara in brief: | ||
| Line 102: | Line 102: | ||
== Ziyara-texts == | == Ziyara-texts == | ||
{{main|Ziyara-text}} | {{main|Ziyara-text}} | ||
Besides giving certain instructions for the ziyara, also some texts | Besides giving certain instructions for the ziyara, also some texts were taught in Shi'a tradition and hadiths to be recited during the ziyara of Imam's tombs. Ziyara-texts received from the [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]] mostly have content-rich with authentic Islamic beliefs and teachings. Some of such ziyara-texts have found more importance and fame due to their special content or reference; such as [[Ziyara Ashura']], [[Al-Ziyara al-Jami'a al-Kabira|al-Jami'a al-Kabira]], [[Ziyara Amin Allah]], [[Ziyara Warith]] and [[Ziyara Al Yasin]]. | ||
The importance of ziyara and great range of its manners has made the discussion of ziyara-text as an important religious issue, to be the subject for many works.<ref>See: Āqā Buzurg, ''al-Dharīʿa'', vol. 12, p. 77-80.</ref> [[Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi]]'s ''[[Kamil al-Ziyarat]]'' is among the most authentic such references. Other such works are [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]'s ''[[al-Mazar]]'', [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]'s ''[[Misbah al-mutahajjid]]'', [[Sayyid b. Tawus]]'s ''[[Muhaj al-da'awat]]'', [[Ibn al-Mashhadi]]'s ''[[al-Mazar al-kabir]]'', [[al-Allama al-Majlisi]]'s ''[[Tuhfat al-za'ir]]'' and [[Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi]]'s ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''. | The importance of ziyara and great range of its manners has made the discussion of ziyara-text as an important religious issue, to be the subject for many works.<ref>See: Āqā Buzurg, ''al-Dharīʿa'', vol. 12, p. 77-80.</ref> [[Ibn Qulawayh al-Qummi]]'s ''[[Kamil al-Ziyarat]]'' is among the most authentic such references. Other such works are [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]]'s ''[[al-Mazar]]'', [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]'s ''[[Misbah al-mutahajjid]]'', [[Sayyid b. Tawus]]'s ''[[Muhaj al-da'awat]]'', [[Ibn al-Mashhadi]]'s ''[[al-Mazar al-kabir]]'', [[al-Allama al-Majlisi]]'s ''[[Tuhfat al-za'ir]]'' and [[Shaykh 'Abbas Qummi]]'s ''[[Mafatih al-jinan]]''. | ||
| Line 143: | Line 143: | ||
| good article = | | good article = | ||
| featured article = | | featured article = | ||
| | | quick edit =done | ||
}}}}</onlyinclude> | }}}}</onlyinclude> | ||