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Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a): Difference between revisions
Imam Musa b. Ja'far al-Kazim (a) (view source)
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During his imamate, Imam al-Kazim (a) was repeatedly summoned and imprisoned by Abbasid caliphs. For the first time, he was taken from [[Medina]] to [[Baghdad]] at the command of the Abbasid caliph, [[al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi]].<ref>Ibn al-Jawzī, ''Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ'', p. 313.</ref> Harun also imprisoned the Imam (a) two times. The time of their first arrest and the first prison are not mentioned in sources, but the second arrest occurred on [[Shawwal 20]], [[179]]/[[January 6]], 796 when he was arrested in Medina<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 476.</ref> and was imprisoned in [[Basra]] in the house of 'Isa b. Ja'far on [[Dhu l-Hijja 7]] ( | During his imamate, Imam al-Kazim (a) was repeatedly summoned and imprisoned by Abbasid caliphs. For the first time, he was taken from [[Medina]] to [[Baghdad]] at the command of the Abbasid caliph, [[al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi]].<ref>Ibn al-Jawzī, ''Tadhkirat al-khawāṣṣ'', p. 313.</ref> Harun also imprisoned the Imam (a) two times. The time of their first arrest and the first prison are not mentioned in sources, but the second arrest occurred on [[Shawwal 20]], [[179]]/[[January 6]], 796 when he was arrested in Medina<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 476.</ref> and was imprisoned in [[Basra]] in the house of 'Isa b. Ja'far on [[Dhu l-Hijja 7]] (February 21)<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā'', vol. 1, p. 86.</ref>. According to al-Shaykh al-Mufid, Harun wrote a letter to 'Isa b. Ja'far in 180/796-7 and asked him to kill the Imam (a), but he refused to do so.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 239.</ref> After a while, the Imam (a) was moved to the prison of al-Fadl b. Rabi'. Imam al-Kazim (a) spent the last years of his life in the prisons of al-Fadl b. Yahya and [[al-Sindi b. Shahik]].<ref>Qummī, ''al-Anwār al-bahīyya'', p. 192-196.</ref> In Imam al-Kazim's (a) [[ziyarah text]] (visitation supplication), he is greeted as "tortured in the depths of the prisons" ({{ia|المُعَذَّب فی قَعر السُجون}}).<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 99, p. 17.</ref> | ||
There are different accounts of why Imam al-Kazim (a) was arrested and imprisoned by the Abbasid caliphs. According to some accounts, he was arrested by Harun because of [[Yahya al-Barmaki]]'s jealousy of the Imam (a) and slanders of 'Ali b. Isma'il b. Ja'far.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 237-238; Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma, vol. 2, p. 760; Abū l-Faraj al-Isfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 380.</ref> It is said that Harun was suspicious of Imam al-Kazim's (a) relations with the Shi'as and feared that the Shiite belief in his imamate would undermine his government.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā'', vol. 1, p. 101.</ref> According to other accounts, the Imam (a) was imprisoned because some Shi'as, such as [[Hisham b. al-Hakam]], did not practice the taqiyya, despite the Imam's (a) commands.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-dīn'', vol. 2, p. 361-363.</ref> Thus, Hisham b. al-Hakam's debates contributed to the Imam's (a) imprisonment.<ref>Kashshī, ''al-Rijāl'', p. 270-271.</ref> | There are different accounts of why Imam al-Kazim (a) was arrested and imprisoned by the Abbasid caliphs. According to some accounts, he was arrested by Harun because of [[Yahya al-Barmaki]]'s jealousy of the Imam (a) and slanders of 'Ali b. Isma'il b. Ja'far.<ref>Mufīd, ''al-Irshād'', vol. 2, p. 237-238; Irbilī, Kashf al-ghumma, vol. 2, p. 760; Abū l-Faraj al-Isfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 380.</ref> It is said that Harun was suspicious of Imam al-Kazim's (a) relations with the Shi'as and feared that the Shiite belief in his imamate would undermine his government.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''ʿUyūn akhbār al-Riḍā'', vol. 1, p. 101.</ref> According to other accounts, the Imam (a) was imprisoned because some Shi'as, such as [[Hisham b. al-Hakam]], did not practice the taqiyya, despite the Imam's (a) commands.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''Kamāl al-dīn'', vol. 2, p. 361-363.</ref> Thus, Hisham b. al-Hakam's debates contributed to the Imam's (a) imprisonment.<ref>Kashshī, ''al-Rijāl'', p. 270-271.</ref> | ||