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Lady Fatimah al-Zahra' (a): Difference between revisions
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==Lineage, Kunya, and Titles== | ==Lineage, Kunya, and Titles== | ||
[[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] was her father, and her mother was [[Khadija bt. Khuwaylid]]. | [[Prophet Muhammad (s)]] was her father, and her mother was [[Khadija bt. Khuwaylid]]. | ||
Fatima (a) had several titles, such as al-Zahra', al-Siddiqa, al-Tahira, al-Radiyya, al-Mardiyya, al-Mubaraka, [[al-Batul]], etc. Among these titles, al-Zahra' is the most famous one that sometimes comes along with her name (Fatima al-Zahra'). Literally, al-Zahra' means shining, radiant, and bright.<ref> | Fatima (a) had several titles, such as al-Zahra', al-Siddiqa, al-Tahira, al-Radiyya, al-Mardiyya, al-Mubaraka, [[al-Batul]], etc. Among these titles, al-Zahra' is the most famous one that sometimes comes along with her name (Fatima al-Zahra'). Literally, al-Zahra' means shining, radiant, and bright.<ref>Ṣadūq, ''al-Amālī'', p. 74, 187, 688, 691, 692; Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 240; Masʿūdī, ''Asrār al-Fāṭimīyya'', p. 409.</ref> | ||
She also had several [[Kunya]]s the most famous of which are: [[Umm Abiha]], Umm al-A'imma, Umm al-Hasan, Umm al-Husayn, and Umm al-Mushin.<ref> | She also had several [[Kunya]]s the most famous of which are: [[Umm Abiha]], Umm al-A'imma, Umm al-Hasan, Umm al-Husayn, and Umm al-Mushin.<ref>Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 43, p. 16; Ibn Shahr Āshūb, ''Manāqib Āl Abī Ṭālib'', vol. 3, p. 132.</ref> | ||
{{Family tree Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | {{Family tree Ahl al-Bayt (a)}} | ||
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===Birth=== | ===Birth=== | ||
It has been narrated in [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] sources that before her mother was pregnant with her, [[God]] ordered the Prophet (s) to avoid [[Lady Khadija (a)]] for 40 days. After 40 days of [[praying]], [[fasting]], and worship, he was taken to [[Mi'raj]], where he ate heavenly foods, then he went back to Khadija and she got pregnant with Fatima (a).<ref> | It has been narrated in [[Shi'a]] and [[Sunni]] sources that before her mother was pregnant with her, [[God]] ordered the Prophet (s) to avoid [[Lady Khadija (a)]] for 40 days. After 40 days of [[praying]], [[fasting]], and worship, he was taken to [[Mi'raj]], where he ate heavenly foods, then he went back to Khadija and she got pregnant with Fatima (a).<ref>See: Majlisī, ''Biḥār al-anwār'', vol. 16, p. 78.</ref> | ||
Fatima (a) was born in [[Mecca]] in the Prophet's (s) house. There are different reports about her birthday in Shi'a and Sunni sources. Sunnis believe that she was born five years before [[Bi'tha]]/605, in the year that [[Ka'ba]] was rebuilt.<ref>Ayati, ''Chikida-yi tarikh-i payambar-i Islam'', p.35</ref> Al-Ya'qubi writes that she was 23 at her demise.<ref>Al-Ya'qubi, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'', trans. Ayati, vol.1, p.512</ref> According to this report she must have been born on the year of Bi'tha/610. This also matches [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]'s opinion that Fatima (a) was 13 when she married [['Ali (a)]] five months after Hijra.<ref>Ayati, ''Chikida-yi tarikh-i payambar-i Islam'', pp.35-36; (cited from ''Misbah al-mutahajjid'', p.561)</ref> [[Al-Kulayni]], however, says in ''[[al-Kafi]]'' that she was born five years after Bi'tha/615.<ref>Al-Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.1, p.530</ref> | Fatima (a) was born in [[Mecca]] in the Prophet's (s) house. There are different reports about her birthday in Shi'a and Sunni sources. Sunnis believe that she was born five years before [[Bi'tha]]/605, in the year that [[Ka'ba]] was rebuilt.<ref>Ayati, ''Chikida-yi tarikh-i payambar-i Islam'', p.35</ref> Al-Ya'qubi writes that she was 23 at her demise.<ref>Al-Ya'qubi, ''Tarikh al-Ya'qubi'', trans. Ayati, vol.1, p.512</ref> According to this report she must have been born on the year of Bi'tha/610. This also matches [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]]'s opinion that Fatima (a) was 13 when she married [['Ali (a)]] five months after Hijra.<ref>Ayati, ''Chikida-yi tarikh-i payambar-i Islam'', pp.35-36; (cited from ''Misbah al-mutahajjid'', p.561)</ref> [[Al-Kulayni]], however, says in ''[[al-Kafi]]'' that she was born five years after Bi'tha/615.<ref>Al-Kulayni, ''al-Kafi'', vol.1, p.530</ref> | ||