Anonymous user
Akhbaris: Difference between revisions
no edit summary
imported>Shakeri No edit summary |
imported>Shakeri No edit summary |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
The opposition between Imamiyya Akhbaris and Usulis was already there before the 17th century, though in a non-official and implicit fashion. However, in this century, the opposition increased, the terminologies of Akhbari and Usuli became current, and they explicitly expressed their oppositions to one another. | The opposition between Imamiyya Akhbaris and Usulis was already there before the 17th century, though in a non-official and implicit fashion. However, in this century, the opposition increased, the terminologies of Akhbari and Usuli became current, and they explicitly expressed their oppositions to one another. | ||
[[Muhammad Amin al-Astarabadi]], [['Abd Allah b. Salih b. Jumu'a al-Samahiji al-Bahrani]] and [[Mirza Muahmmad al-Akhbari]] were extreme Akhabris, and [[al-Shaykh Yusuf al-Bahrani]], [[al-Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri]], [[Mulla Muhsin al-Fayd al-Kashani]], [[Muhammad Taqi al-Majlisi]], [[Muhammad Tahir al-Qummi]], and [[al-Shaykh Hurr al-'Amili]], among others, were moderate Akhbaris. Opposed to them were prominent Usulis such as [[Wahid al-Bihbahani]], [[al-Shaykh al-Ansari]], and [[al-Shaykh Ja'far Kashif al-Ghita']]. | [[Muhammad Amin al-Astarabadi]], [['Abd Allah b. Salih b. Jumu'a al-Samahiji al-Bahrani]] and [[Mirza Muahmmad al-Akhbari]] were extreme Akhabris, and [[al-Shaykh Yusuf al-Bahrani]], [[al-Sayyid Ni'mat Allah al-Jaza'iri]], [[Mulla Muhsin al-Fayd al-Kashani]], [[Muhammad Taqi al-Majlisi]], [[Muhammad Tahir al-Qummi]], and [[al-Shaykh Hurr al-'Amili]], among others, were moderate Akhbaris. Opposed to them were prominent Usulis such as [[Muhammad Baqir Bihbahani|Wahid al-Bihbahani]], [[al-Shaykh al-Ansari]], and [[al-Shaykh Ja'far Kashif al-Ghita']]. | ||
The main points of disagreements between Akhbaris and Usulis concern issues such as illegitimacy or permissibility of the method of [[ijtihad]] (deducing the laws of Shari'a via methods of [[usul al-fiqh|Usul]]), the restriction of evidence for laws of Shari'a to the [[Qur'an]] and [[Sunna]] or [[hadith]]s, the prohibition of acquiring probable beliefs about Islamic laws, the way hadiths should be classified, the permissibility of following people other than [[the Prophet (s)]] and [[Imams (a)]], subscription to the appearances of the Qur'an, [[rational good and badness|rational goodness]] (husn) and [[rational good and badness|badness]] (qubh), the practical principle of Bara'a (exemption or exoneration), the prohibition of employing some kinds of analogy ([[qiyas]]) to deduce laws of Shari'a, the reliability of all hadiths contained in [[the Four Books]] (al-Kutub al-Arba'a), and so on. | The main points of disagreements between Akhbaris and Usulis concern issues such as illegitimacy or permissibility of the method of [[ijtihad]] (deducing the laws of Shari'a via methods of [[usul al-fiqh|Usul]]), the restriction of evidence for laws of Shari'a to the [[Qur'an]] and [[Sunna]] or [[hadith]]s, the prohibition of acquiring probable beliefs about Islamic laws, the way hadiths should be classified, the permissibility of following people other than [[the Prophet (s)]] and [[Imams (a)]], subscription to the appearances of the Qur'an, [[rational good and badness|rational goodness]] (husn) and [[rational good and badness|badness]] (qubh), the practical principle of Bara'a (exemption or exoneration), the prohibition of employing some kinds of analogy ([[qiyas]]) to deduce laws of Shari'a, the reliability of all hadiths contained in [[the Four Books]] (al-Kutub al-Arba'a), and so on. | ||
| Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
===Kashif al-Ghita'=== | ===Kashif al-Ghita'=== | ||
Another Usuli scholar who seriously campaigned against Akhbarism was [[Shaykh Ja'far al-Najafi Kashif al-Ghita']] (d. 1227 or 1228 A.H./ 1812 or 1813), who opposed to [[Mirza Muhamamd al-Akhbari]], writing his well-known essay, Kashf al-ghita' 'an ma'a'ib-i Mirza Muhammad 'aduw al-'ulama (uncovering the faults of Mirza Muhammad [al-Akhbari], the enemy of scholars). He sent this essay to [[Fat'hali Shah Qajar]] to discourage him from supporting Mirza Muhamamd. | Another Usuli scholar who seriously campaigned against Akhbarism was [[Shaykh Ja'far al-Najafi Kashif al-Ghita']] (d. 1227 or 1228 A.H./ 1812 or 1813), who opposed to [[Mirza Muhamamd al-Akhbari]], writing his well-known essay, Kashf al-ghita' 'an ma'a'ib-i Mirza Muhammad 'aduw al-'ulama (uncovering the faults of Mirza Muhammad [al-Akhbari], the enemy of scholars). He sent this essay to [[Fat'hali Shah Qajar]] to discourage him from supporting Mirza Muhamamd. | ||
| Line 67: | Line 68: | ||
Today the only places in Iran where Akhbarism has considerable proponents are parts of the Khuzestan province, particularly Khorramshahr and Abadan. | Today the only places in Iran where Akhbarism has considerable proponents are parts of the Khuzestan province, particularly Khorramshahr and Abadan. | ||