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Abd al-Muttalib: Difference between revisions
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==The Companions of the Elephant== | ==The Companions of the Elephant== | ||
[[File:Companions-of-the-elephant.jpg|285px|thumbnail|[['Am al-Fil|The Companions of the Elephant]]: A scene from ''Muhammad (s): The Messenger of God'' directed by Majid Majidi]] | [[File:Companions-of-the-elephant.jpg|285px|thumbnail|[['Am al-Fil|The Companions of the Elephant]]: A scene from ''Muhammad (s): The Messenger of God'' directed by Majid Majidi]] | ||
According to religious and regional narrations, Abraha’s offensive against Mecca, famously known as [['Am al-Fil|the Companions of the Elephant]], was contemporary to 'Abd al-Muttalib. Abraha marched from Yemen to Mecca with an army of elephants to destroy [[the | According to religious and regional narrations, Abraha’s offensive against Mecca, famously known as [['Am al-Fil|the Companions of the Elephant]], was contemporary to 'Abd al-Muttalib. Abraha marched from Yemen to Mecca with an army of elephants to destroy [[the Ka'ba]]. Abraha’s army pillaged the camels of Quraysh, for which a meeting between 'Abd al-Muttalib and Abraha was organized, where 'Abd al-Muttalib only requested his camels be freed. Abraha said, “I thought you have come to negotiate about the Ka'ba.” 'Abd al-Muttalib replied, “I am the master of the camels, and that house (i.e. the Ka'ba) has a master for itself.” He went back to Mecca and told the people to go to the mountains and take their belongings with them. Only a couple of Abraha’s men survived and fled the following day, when a giant flock of birds attacked his army. | ||
==Digging the Zamzam Well== | ==Digging the Zamzam Well== | ||
According to historical documents of Mecca, prior to Qusai b. Kilab’s conquest, who was 'Abd al-Muttalib’s grandfather, the Jurhum tribe ruled over Mecca. The oppressiveness of their tribesmen evoked a rise against them by other tribes. In the end, the Khuza’a tribe defeated them. 'Umar b. Harith, the final Jurhum ruler went inside the | According to historical documents of Mecca, prior to Qusai b. Kilab’s conquest, who was 'Abd al-Muttalib’s grandfather, the Jurhum tribe ruled over Mecca. The oppressiveness of their tribesmen evoked a rise against them by other tribes. In the end, the Khuza’a tribe defeated them. 'Umar b. Harith, the final Jurhum ruler went inside the Ka'ba and hid all the jewelry and valuable presents that had been gifted to the Ka'ba, in the Zamzam well and filled the well with soil to hide it. | ||
Years later, 'Abd al-Muttalib attempted to find the well. It is said that he found the place of the well in a dream and was given the mission to excavate it. 'Abd al-Muttalib excavated Zamzam, found the jewelry, and spent it for the | Years later, 'Abd al-Muttalib attempted to find the well. It is said that he found the place of the well in a dream and was given the mission to excavate it. 'Abd al-Muttalib excavated Zamzam, found the jewelry, and spent it for the Ka'ba. Zamzam once again sprang with water. | ||
==Pledge== | ==Pledge== | ||
According to reports 'Abd al-Muttalib faced disagreement and obstruction by the Quraysh when he decided to excavate the well. He made a pledge that if God gives him ten sons he would sacrifice one of them next to the | According to reports 'Abd al-Muttalib faced disagreement and obstruction by the Quraysh when he decided to excavate the well. He made a pledge that if God gives him ten sons he would sacrifice one of them next to the Ka'ba. God Almighty blessed him with ten sons. He randomly selected one of his sons, and Abdullah's name came out, but he sacrificed a hundred camels instead. | ||
'Ali Davani believes this story is not true and was composed by the [[Ammawids]], arguing based on the weak chain of narrators that includes unknown or weak persons, and the fact that child sacrificing was a pagan tradition while 'Abd al-Muttalib was a monotheist. He believes that the Ammawids fabricated this story in order to decrease Imam 'Ali's (a) position through damaging his ancestral nobility. | 'Ali Davani believes this story is not true and was composed by the [[Ammawids]], arguing based on the weak chain of narrators that includes unknown or weak persons, and the fact that child sacrificing was a pagan tradition while 'Abd al-Muttalib was a monotheist. He believes that the Ammawids fabricated this story in order to decrease Imam 'Ali's (a) position through damaging his ancestral nobility. | ||
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|source=Sura al-Tawba, no.19 | |source=Sura al-Tawba, no.19 | ||
}} | }} | ||
'Abd al-Muttalib set the blood money for killing a man at one hundred camels, and God also applied this in Islam. The Quraysh did not know how many times they must circumambulate the | 'Abd al-Muttalib set the blood money for killing a man at one hundred camels, and God also applied this in Islam. The Quraysh did not know how many times they must circumambulate the Ka'ba, 'Abd al-Muttalib set this to seven and God applied these seven circumambulations to Islam as well. | ||
Ya'qubi wrote: He established traditions that the Prophet acted upon, and verses were revealed for it, and they were: | Ya'qubi wrote: He established traditions that the Prophet acted upon, and verses were revealed for it, and they were: | ||
Loyalty to pledges, a hundred camels for blood money, illegalized marriage with maharim, refraining from entering a house from its roof, amputation of a thief's hand, disapproved of killing daughters, [[Mubahala]], prohibition of wine, prohibition of adultery and appointing a punishment for it, lottery, prohibition of circumambulating the | Loyalty to pledges, a hundred camels for blood money, illegalized marriage with maharim, refraining from entering a house from its roof, amputation of a thief's hand, disapproved of killing daughters, [[Mubahala]], prohibition of wine, prohibition of adultery and appointing a punishment for it, lottery, prohibition of circumambulating the Ka'ba naked, respect for guests, supplying Hajj expenses with legitimate money, respect for [[Haram months]], avoid ostentation and hypocrisy. | ||
==Demise== | ==Demise== | ||