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Al-Khabar al-Wahid: Difference between revisions
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Al-Khabar al-Wahid is not certainly reported from the [[Infallibles]], in addition they are not handy on their own in religious matters. In issuing [[fatwa]] on [[Furu' al-Din]] (branches of religion), religious scholars mostly accept verses of the [[Qur'an]] and Mutawatir hadiths first and al-Khabar al-Wahid is acceptable only in exceptional situations. | Al-Khabar al-Wahid is not certainly reported from the [[Infallibles]], in addition they are not handy on their own in religious matters. In issuing [[fatwa]] on [[Furu' al-Din]] (branches of religion), religious scholars mostly accept verses of the [[Qur'an]] and Mutawatir hadiths first and al-Khabar al-Wahid is acceptable only in exceptional situations. | ||
If there is an evidence or a group of evidences which confirms that the hadith has been issued by an infallible Imam (a), this will help religious authorities and [[hadith scholar]]s to consider it as a reliable hadith: | |||
1) | 1) If the hadith exists in a number of Asl books out of [[Al-Usul al-arba'ami'a]] (the four hundred Asls). | ||
2) If | 2) If the hadith has been narrated in one Asl through different chains. | ||
3) | 3) If the hadith exists in an Asl which is compiled by a member of [[ashab al-Ijma']] (people of consensus) such as [[Zurara b. A'yan|Zurara]], [[Muhammad b. Muslim]], etc. | ||
4) | 4) If the hadith exists in a book which has been presented to and confirmed by a [[Shi'a]] [[Imam]]. | ||
5) | 5) If the hadith exists in reliable Shi'a books. | ||
6) The hadith must be | 6) The hadith must be compatible with logical reasoning, the text of the Qur'an, confirmed tradition and [[Ijma']] (consensus) of Shi'a scholars. | ||
Most of hadiths and reports in narrative books are regarded al-Khabar al-Wahid. | Most of hadiths and reports in narrative books are regarded al-Khabar al-Wahid. | ||
==Types== | ==Types== | ||
With respect to the number of narrators, al-Khabar al-Wahid is categorized into three groups: | |||
===Mustafid=== | ===Mustafid=== | ||
If a hadith is transmitted by at least three narrators in every generation, it is called "mustafid". Lexically | If a hadith is transmitted by at least three narrators in every generation, it is called "mustafid". Lexically istifada means abundant and large number. As a result, if an account is transmitted with more than three narrators it will become closer to [[Mutawatir Hadith]]. Al-hadith al-Mustafid are sometimes called "mashhur" (famous), although they have different meanings; as in al-hadith al-mustafid the account is transmitted with at least three narrators in every generation and al-hadith al-mashhur (the famous hadith) is transmitted with at least three narrators in only some generations, not necessarily all of them. For instance, the hadith "deeds are by intentions." is regarded mashhur not mustafid. | ||
==='Aziz=== | ==='Aziz=== | ||
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===Gharib=== | ===Gharib=== | ||
If a hadith is transmitted with only one narrator in every generation or in the first generation it is called "gharib". It has different types such as: | If a hadith is transmitted with only one narrator in every generation or only one narrator in the first generation it is called "gharib". It has different types such as: | ||
'''Gharib in the chain of narrators''': A hadith which is transmitted with only one narrator in all | '''a) Gharib in the chain of narrators''': A hadith which is transmitted with only one narrator in all generations. | ||
'''Gharib in the text''': A hadith which is transmitted with one narrator in the first generation and then it is narrated with a large number of narrators in | '''b) Gharib in the text''': A hadith which is transmitted with one narrator in the first generation and then it is narrated with a large number of narrators in next generations; it is also called al-mashhur al-gharib. The hadith "deeds are by intentions" is regarded "gharib mashhur" as it was narrated with only one companion of the [[Infallible]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{references}} | |||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[fa:خبر واحد]] خبر واحد}} in Farsi WikiShia. | * The material for this article is mainly taken from {{ia|[[fa:خبر واحد]] خبر واحد}} in Farsi WikiShia. | ||
{{end}} | |||
[[fa:خبر واحد]] | [[fa:خبر واحد]] | ||
[[ur:خبر واحد]] | [[ur:خبر واحد]] | ||