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Safiyya bt. Huyayy: Difference between revisions
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{{The Wives of the Prophet (s)-Vertical}} | {{The Wives of the Prophet (s)-Vertical}} | ||
'''Ṣafīyya bt. | '''Ṣafīyya bt. Ḥuyayy''' (Arabic: {{iarabic|صفیّة بنت حیيّ}}) (d. [[50]]/669) was the only non-Arab wife of [[the Prophet (s)]]. Before [[Islam]], Safiyya married twice; she was captivated by Muslims in the [[Battle of Khaybar]] after her husband was killed, and then the Prophet (s) married her. | ||
According to historical accounts, she was a very admirable and virtuous woman, and she was offended by some of the other wives of the Prophet (s). | |||
Safiyya has narrated some [[hadiths]] from the Prophet (s), and [[Imam 'Ali b. al-Husayn al-Sajjad (a)|Ali' b. Husayn (a)]] (Imam al-Sajjad (a)) has narrated hadiths from her. | She helped the third caliph, [['Uthman b. 'Affan|'Uthman]], when he was beset by protestors. | ||
And she was the last wife of the Prophet (s) who died in [[Medina]] and was buried in [[al-Baqi']]. | |||
Safiyya has narrated some [[hadiths]] from the Prophet (s), and [[Imam 'Ali b. al-Husayn al-Sajjad (a)|Ali' b. al-Husayn (a)]] (Imam al-Sajjad (a)) has narrated hadiths from her. | |||
==Parentage== | ==Parentage== | ||
She was from the Jewish kinsman of [[Banu Nadir]] whose genealogy traces back to Lawi b. Ya'qub and Nadir b. Naham b. Yanhum from the progeny of [[Harun b. 'Imran]] ( | She was from the Jewish kinsman of [[Banu Nadir]] whose genealogy traces back to Lawi b. Ya'qub and Nadir b. Naham b. Yanhum from the progeny of [[Harun b. 'Imran]] (a) (Aaron), the brother of the prophet [[Moses (a)]]. | ||
When she was a child, she was closely taken care of by her father and her uncle [[Abu Yasir b. Akhtab]] who were heads of the [[Banu Nadir]] Jews and were noblemen of [[Medina]]. When [[the Prophet (s)]] immigrated to Medina, her father and uncle turned into enemies of the Prophet (s). | When she was a child, she was closely taken care of by her father and her uncle [[Abu Yasir b. Akhtab]] who were heads of the [[Banu Nadir]] Jews and were noblemen of [[Medina]]. When [[the Prophet (s)]] immigrated to Medina, her father and uncle turned into enemies of the Prophet (s). | ||
Her mother, | Her mother, Barra, was the daughter of Samu'il and the sister of Rafa'a b. Samu'il who was a [[Banu Qurayza]] Jew. | ||
==Before Islam== | ==Before Islam== | ||
Safiyya was born in [[Medina]]. She first got married with | Safiyya was born in [[Medina]]. She first got married with Salam b. Mishkam al-Qurayzi, but they soon separated, and then she married Kinana b. al-Rabi' b. Abi al-Huqayq]]. | ||
==Captivation== | ==Captivation== | ||
After the [[Hudaybiyya Peace Treaty]] in [[7]]/628, [[the Prophet (s)]] went to a battle with the Jews of [[Khaybar]]. The land was conquered by Muslims. [[Kinana b. Rabi']], Safiyya's husband, was killed in this battle. And Muslims won a lot of booties. In conquering the Qumus Fort, one of the seven forts of Khaybar in which Abu al- | {{see also|Battle of Khaybar}} | ||
After the [[Hudaybiyya Peace Treaty]] in [[7]]/628, [[the Prophet (s)]] went to a battle with the Jews of [[Khaybar]]. The land was conquered by Muslims. [[Kinana b. al-Rabi']], Safiyya's husband, was killed in this battle. And Muslims won a lot of booties. In conquering the Qumus Fort, one of the seven forts of Khaybar in which Abu al-Huqayq's children resided, some women, including Safiyya, were captivated. | |||
==Marriage with the Prophet (s)== | ==Marriage with the Prophet (s)== | ||
[[The Prophet (s)]] called Safiyya to [[Islam]], and she converted to Islam. He then emancipated her and then married her. | [[The Prophet (s)]] called Safiyya to [[Islam]], and she converted to Islam. He then emancipated her and then married her. | ||
Safiyya was 17 years old when she married the Prophet (s). The marriage occurred on their way from Khaybar to [[Medina]]. The Prophet (s) settled Safiyya in the house of [[Haritha b. Nu'man]]. Women from [[Ansar]], as well as [['Ayisha bt. Abubakr|' | Safiyya was 17 years old when she married the Prophet (s). The marriage occurred on their way from Khaybar to [[Medina]]. The Prophet (s) settled Safiyya in the house of [[Haritha b. Nu'man]]. Women from [[Ansar]], as well as [['Ayisha bt. Abubakr|'A'isha]], went there to visit and welcome Safiyya. | ||
Historiographers have taken Safiyya bt. Akhtab to be the only non-Arab wife of the Prophet (s). | |||
According to some historical sources, when Safiyya was captivated, the Prophet (s) saw some bruise in her face and asked her: "What is this?", Safiyya answered: "O' the Prophet! I saw in my dream that a moon is coming from the sky of [[Yathrib]] to my lap. I told this to my husband, Kinana, and he told me: it seems that you like to marry a king from Yathrib! And then he stroke me hard in the face". | According to some historical sources, when Safiyya was captivated, the Prophet (s) saw some bruise in her face and asked her: "What is this?", Safiyya answered: "O' the Prophet! I saw in my dream that a moon is coming from the sky of [[Yathrib]] to my lap. I told this to my husband, Kinana, and he told me: it seems that you like to marry a king from Yathrib! And then he stroke me hard in the face". | ||
==Characteristics== | ==Characteristics== | ||
Safiyya is mentioned as a beautiful, virtuous, wise and patient woman. It is reported that at the time of her departure from [[Khaybar]], when [[the Prophet (s)]]'s camel was brought for Safiyya to ride, the Prophet (s) put his foot on the stirrup so that Safiyya could put her foot on it and ride on the camel, but as a matter of politeness, Safiyya put her knee on the Prophet (s)'s thigh and rode on the camel. | Safiyya is mentioned as a beautiful, virtuous, wise, and patient woman. | ||
It is reported that at the time of her departure from [[Khaybar]], when [[the Prophet (s)]]'s camel was brought for Safiyya to ride, the Prophet (s) put his foot on the stirrup so that Safiyya could put her foot on it and ride on the camel, but as a matter of politeness, Safiyya put her knee on the Prophet (s)'s thigh and rode on the camel. | |||
When the Prophet (s) was dying, Safiyya told him: "O' the Prophet! I swear to [[God]] that I had better be sick instead of you so that you recover". | When the Prophet (s) was dying, Safiyya told him: "O' the Prophet! I swear to [[God]] that I had better be sick instead of you so that you recover". | ||
== | ==Offense by Other Wives of the Prophet (s)== | ||
There are accounts of | There are accounts of offenses to Safiyya by other wives of [[the Prophet (s)]]. For example, it is reported that one day Safiyya was crying. The Prophet (s) asked her about the reason, and she said: "Two of your wives offended me with their talks; they say we are superior to Safiyya because we are the Prophet (s)'s cousins and his wives". The Prophet (s) replied: "Why did you not tell them that your father is [[Moses]], your uncle is [[Aaron]] and your husband is [[the Prophet|Muhammad]]?" | ||
==After the Prophet (s)'s | ==After the Prophet (s)'s Demise== | ||
After [[the Prophet (s)]]'s demise, [['Umar b. Khattab]] considered a 6,000 [[dirham]] annual salary for Safiyya. | After [[the Prophet (s)]]'s demise, [['Umar b. al-Khattab]] considered a 6,000 [[dirham]] annual salary for Safiyya. | ||
In [[35]]/655 when the house of [['Uthman b. 'Affan|'Uthman]], the | In [[35]]/655 when the house of [['Uthman b. 'Affan|'Uthman]], the third caliph, was beset by protestors, Safiyya opened a path from her house to 'Uthman's house in order to supply him with food and water. | ||
==Death== | ==Death== | ||
According to most accounts, she died in [[50]]/669 in [[Medina]], but according to some other accounts, she died in [[36]]/656 or [[52]]/671. [[Sa'id b. 'As]] performed prayers on her corpse, and she was buried in [[al-Baqi']] cemetery. She is said to have been the last of [[the Prophet (s)]]'s wives who died. | According to most accounts, she died in [[50]]/669 in [[Medina]], but according to some other accounts, she died in [[36]]/656 or [[52]]/671. [[Sa'id b. al-'As]] performed prayers on her corpse, and she was buried in [[al-Baqi']] cemetery. She is said to have been the last of [[the Prophet (s)]]'s wives who died. | ||
==Hadiths== | ==Hadiths== | ||
In the collections of [[hadiths]], there are ten hadiths that Safiyya has narrated from the Prophet (s). The following are some of the people who narrated hadiths from her: | In the collections of [[hadiths]], there are ten hadiths that Safiyya has narrated from the Prophet (s). The following are some of the people who narrated hadiths from her: | ||
* [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] | * [[Imam al-Sajjad (a)]] | ||
* | * Her servant Kinana | ||
* | * Her servant Yazid b. Mu'tab | ||
* Ishaq b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Harith. | * Ishaq b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Harith. | ||
== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Battle of Khaybar]] | * [[Battle of Khaybar]] | ||
* [[ | * [[Battle of Banu Nadir]] | ||
==References== | |||
* The material for this article is mainly taken from [[:fa:صفیه دختر حیی بن اخطب|صفیه دختر حیی بن اخطب]] in Farsi WikiShia. | |||
{{Ahl al-Bayt's women}} | {{Ahl al-Bayt's women}} | ||
{{ | {{Sahaba}} | ||
[[fa:صفیه دختر حیی بن اخطب]] | [[fa:صفیه دختر حیی بن اخطب]] | ||
[[Category:Wives of the Prophet (s)]] | [[Category:Wives of the Prophet (s)]] | ||
[[Category:Buried in Baqi cemetery]] | [[Category:Buried in al-Baqi cemetery]] | ||
[[Category:Female Sahaba]] | |||
[[Category:Female hadith transmitters]] | |||