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Holy Shrine of Imam Ali (a): Difference between revisions
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==Secret Burial== | ==Secret Burial== | ||
The sons of [[Imam Ali (a)]], i.e. [[Imam Hasan (a)]], [[Imam Husayn (a)]], and [[Muhammad b. Hanafiyya]], along with Imam Ali (a)'s cousin [[Abd Allah b. Ja'far]], buried Imam Ali (a) secretly at night in a region known as Ghariyyayn (present-day [[Najaf]]) and hid his grave. | The sons of [[Imam Ali (a)]], i.e. [[Imam al-Hasan (a)]], [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], and [[Muhammad b. Hanafiyya]], along with Imam Ali (a)'s cousin [[Abd Allah b. Ja'far]], buried Imam Ali (a) secretly at night in a region known as Ghariyyayn (present-day [[Najaf]]) and hid his grave. | ||
Sayyid b. Tawus writes: | Sayyid b. Tawus writes: | ||
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==Imams who Visited the Shrine of Imam 'Ali (a)== | ==Imams who Visited the Shrine of Imam 'Ali (a)== | ||
Of the twelve Shia Imams, for six of them there is reports of visitation of the grave of Imam Ali (a) in [[Najaf]]: [[Imam Husayn (a)]], [[Imam Ali b. al-Husayn al-Sajjad (a)]], [[Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (a)]], [[Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a)]], [[Imam Ali al-Hadi (a)]], and [[Imam Hasan al-Askari (a)]]. | Of the twelve Shia Imams, for six of them there is reports of visitation of the grave of Imam Ali (a) in [[Najaf]]: [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]], [[Imam Ali b. al-Husayn al-Sajjad (a)]], [[Imam Muhammad al-Baqir (a)]], [[Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a)]], [[Imam Ali al-Hadi (a)]], and [[Imam Hasan al-Askari (a)]]. | ||
==Discovering the Grave== | ==Discovering the Grave== | ||
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With the deposal of the Umayyads, and the public discovery of the grave of Imam Ali (a), Dawud b. Ali al-Abbasi (d. 133/751) witnessed that many people were visiting the gravesite. As such, he installed a tombstone on top of the grave. However, after the establishment of the [[Abbasid caliphate]], their relationship with the [[Alawis]] changed and the grave became abandoned once again and the tombstone was destroyed. | With the deposal of the Umayyads, and the public discovery of the grave of Imam Ali (a), Dawud b. Ali al-Abbasi (d. 133/751) witnessed that many people were visiting the gravesite. As such, he installed a tombstone on top of the grave. However, after the establishment of the [[Abbasid caliphate]], their relationship with the [[Alawis]] changed and the grave became abandoned once again and the tombstone was destroyed. | ||
* Apparently, in approximately the 170/786, it was [[Harun al-Rashid]] who built the first shrine for Imam Ali (a) made from white bricks. He also gave orders for a building to be built on top of the grave from red clay, and for green fabric to be laid across the shrine. | * Apparently, in approximately the 170/786, it was [[Harun al-Rashid]] who built the first shrine for Imam Ali (a) made from white bricks. He also gave orders for a building to be built on top of the grave from red clay, and for green fabric to be laid across the shrine. | ||
* In the same way that the Abbasid caliph, [[Mutawakkil]] (d. 247/861), destroyed the [[shrine of Imam Husayn (a)]], he also destroyed the shrine of Imam 'Ali (a) in Najaf. After this, Muhammad b. Zayd al-Da'i (d. 287/900) rebuilt the grave, and furthermore, built a dome, walls, and fort for shrine. | * In the same way that the Abbasid caliph, [[Mutawakkil]] (d. 247/861), destroyed the [[shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a)]], he also destroyed the shrine of Imam 'Ali (a) in Najaf. After this, Muhammad b. Zayd al-Da'i (d. 287/900) rebuilt the grave, and furthermore, built a dome, walls, and fort for shrine. | ||
* Umar b. Yahya, renovated the shrine of Imam Ali (a) in 330/942 and he paid for the expenses to install a dome from his personal funds. | * Umar b. Yahya, renovated the shrine of Imam Ali (a) in 330/942 and he paid for the expenses to install a dome from his personal funds. | ||
* 'Adud al-Dawla al-Daylami (d. 372/982) renovated and constructed the building in such a way that it was completely unique in style for its era and he also set up [[endowment]]s for it. This building remained until 753/1352. It was in this year that the building was burned down and destroyed. It has been said that in this fire, a manuscript of Quran in three volumes written by Imam Ali (a) himself were also burned. In addition to 'Adud al-Dawla, other Buyid rulers and their viziers, the Hamdanids, and some of the Abbasids ([[Mustansir al-Abbasi]]) also participated in the shrine's renovation and reconstruction. | * 'Adud al-Dawla al-Daylami (d. 372/982) renovated and constructed the building in such a way that it was completely unique in style for its era and he also set up [[endowment]]s for it. This building remained until 753/1352. It was in this year that the building was burned down and destroyed. It has been said that in this fire, a manuscript of Quran in three volumes written by Imam Ali (a) himself were also burned. In addition to 'Adud al-Dawla, other Buyid rulers and their viziers, the Hamdanids, and some of the Abbasids ([[Mustansir al-Abbasi]]) also participated in the shrine's renovation and reconstruction. | ||
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Masjid Al-Ra's (lit. the Mosque of the 'Head') is located in the west of the courtyard. With regards to how the name of the mosque became as such, there are two opinions: | Masjid Al-Ra's (lit. the Mosque of the 'Head') is located in the west of the courtyard. With regards to how the name of the mosque became as such, there are two opinions: | ||
# The mosque is located opposite to where the head of Imam Ali (a) lies in his grave. | # The mosque is located opposite to where the head of Imam Ali (a) lies in his grave. | ||
# A hadith has been narrated from [[Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a)]] that says that the head of [[Imam Husayn (a)]] was actually buried in this area. | # A hadith has been narrated from [[Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a)]] that says that the head of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] was actually buried in this area. | ||
===Masjid al-Khadra'=== | ===Masjid al-Khadra'=== | ||