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Al-Masjid al-Haram: Difference between revisions
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'''Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām''' (Arabic: {{ia|المسجد الحرام}}) is the best-known and the most sacred [[mosque]] in the Islamic world, located in [[Mecca]] in [[Arabia]] in which the [[Ka'ba]], the [[qibla]] of Muslims, is located. In addition to the Ka'ba, there are other sacred buildings, objects, and places inside al-Masjid al-Haram, such as the [[Black Stone]] (al-Hajar al-Aswad), [[al-Multazam]], [[al-Mustajar]], [[al-Hatim]], and [[Hijr Isma'il]] all of which are of a high religious and spiritual place for Muslims. In | '''Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām''' (Arabic: {{ia|المسجد الحرام}}) is the best-known and the most sacred [[mosque]] in the Islamic world, located in [[Mecca]] in [[Arabia]] in which the [[Ka'ba]], the [[qibla]] of [[Muslims]], is located. In addition to the Ka'ba, there are other sacred buildings, objects, and places inside al-Masjid al-Haram, such as the [[Black Stone]] (al-Hajar al-Aswad), [[al-Multazam]], [[al-Mustajar]], [[al-Hatim]], and [[Hijr Isma'il]] all of which are of a high religious and spiritual place for Muslims. In [[fiqh|Islamic jurisprudence]], al-Masjid al-Haram is subject to some special laws in addition to the general laws of [[shari'a]] applied to mosques. In [[Islam]], it is [[wajib|obligatory]] for every Muslim to travel to Mecca (for [[hajj]]) at least once in his or her lifetime if he or she is capable of doing so ([[istita'a]]). There are some rituals of hajj that should be done inside al-Masjid al-Haram. | ||
[[File:Masjid al-Haram.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Aerial view of al-Masjid al-Haram in the heart of [[Mecca]], with the [[Ka'ba]] visible in the center of the courtyard.]] | [[File:Masjid al-Haram.jpg|300px|thumbnail|right|Aerial view of al-Masjid al-Haram in the heart of [[Mecca]], with the [[Ka'ba]] visible in the center of the courtyard.]] | ||
==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
{{Islam-vertical}} | {{Islam-vertical}} | ||
The Arabic word "al-Masjid al-Haram" is a descriptive phrase. "Masjid" means [[mosque]], and it is described as "Haram" because some acts which are not | The Arabic word "al-Masjid al-Haram" is a descriptive phrase. "Masjid" means [[mosque]], and it is described as "Haram" because some acts which are not [[haram|forbidden]] in other mosques are forbidden (haram) in this mosque, because this mosque should be respected in a special way. Moreover, committing sins in this mosque is doubly wrong, and according to some sources, even the intention to do a sinful action in this mosque counts as equivalent to doing that action. | ||
Islamic sources, and in particular the [[Qur'an]], imply that al-Masjid al-Haram was called so by people of [[Hijaz]] even before the emergence of [[Islam]], and even though there used to be no buildings or walls around the [[Ka'ba]], the area in which the pilgrims circumambulate ([[tawaf]]) around the Ka'ba was known as al-Masjid al-Haram. The descriptive phrase "al-Masjid al-Haram" is repeatedly used in the Quran; for example in a [[verse]] stating that [[polytheist]]s should not be allowed to pilgrim the Ka'ba and perform [[hajj]]: | Islamic sources, and in particular the [[Qur'an]], imply that al-Masjid al-Haram was called so by people of [[Hijaz]] even before the emergence of [[Islam]], and even though there used to be no buildings or walls around the [[Ka'ba]], the area in which the pilgrims circumambulate ([[tawaf]]) around the Ka'ba was known as al-Masjid al-Haram. The descriptive phrase "al-Masjid al-Haram" is repeatedly used in the Quran; for example in a [[verse]] stating that [[polytheist]]s should not be allowed to pilgrim the Ka'ba and perform [[hajj]]: | ||
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According to local accounts, the mausoleums of 70 [[prophethood|prophet]]s, including [[Hud (a)]], [[Salih (a)]] and [[Isma'il (a)]] are located in al-Masjid al-Haram. | According to local accounts, the mausoleums of 70 [[prophethood|prophet]]s, including [[Hud (a)]], [[Salih (a)]] and [[Isma'il (a)]] are located in al-Masjid al-Haram. | ||
There are special laws of [[shari'a]] concerning al-Masjid al-Haram and [[Mecca]]. For example, war in al-Masjid al-Haram and even in the whole sacred area (haram) of Mecca is a [[major sin]], except for defense. | There are special laws of [[shari'a]] concerning al-Masjid al-Haram and [[Mecca]]. For example, war in al-Masjid al-Haram and even in the whole sacred area (haram) of Mecca is a [[major sin]], except for defense. [[Worship]]s, such as performing [[prayer]]s, have more spiritual rewards ([[thawab]]) when done in al-Masjid al-Haram than in other places. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||