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Uprising of Fakhkh: Difference between revisions
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After the [[martyrdom]] of al-Husayn b. 'Ali and his companions, the heads of the martyrs were exhibited in an assembly in which [[Imam 'Ali]]'s (a) progeny, including [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]], were present. No one talked except Imam al-Kazim (a); when he saw the head of al-Husayn b. 'Ali, the leader of the Fakhkh uprising, he said: | After the [[martyrdom]] of al-Husayn b. 'Ali and his companions, the heads of the martyrs were exhibited in an assembly in which [[Imam 'Ali]]'s (a) progeny, including [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]], were present. No one talked except Imam al-Kazim (a); when he saw the head of al-Husayn b. 'Ali, the leader of the Fakhkh uprising, he said: | ||
: To [[Allah]] we belong and to Him is our return. I swear to God that al-Husayn was martyred as a righteous Muslim; he frequently fasted and worshiped at nights; he enjoined the right and forbade the wrong. There was no one like him in his household. | : "To [[Allah]] we belong and to Him is our return. I swear to God that al-Husayn was martyred as a righteous Muslim; he frequently fasted and worshiped at nights; he enjoined the right and forbade the wrong. There was no one like him in his household."<ref>Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 380.</ref> | ||
Though this [[hadith]] shows that the character of the Fakhkh's martyr was praised by Imam al-Kazim (a), there are two views about the Imam's position about the uprising. | Though this [[hadith]] shows that the character of the Fakhkh's martyr was praised by Imam al-Kazim (a), there are two views about the Imam's position about the uprising. | ||
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Al-Husayn replied: "I just suggested that you pledge your allegiance to me; but if you do not like it, I will not force you to do it." | Al-Husayn replied: "I just suggested that you pledge your allegiance to me; but if you do not like it, I will not force you to do it." | ||
When they were saying goodbye, Imam al-Kazim (a) told him: "My cousin! You will be killed, so be serious in your affair. For people express their faith but they hide their polytheism. To Allah we belong and to Him is our return. I ask God to reward you for your (uprising)". | When they were saying goodbye, Imam al-Kazim (a) told him: "My cousin! You will be killed, so be serious in your affair. For people express their faith but they hide their polytheism. To Allah we belong and to Him is our return. I ask God to reward you for your (uprising)".<ref>Kulaynī, ''al-Kāfī'', vol. 1, p. 366.</ref> | ||
[['Abd Allah al-Mamaqani]] appealed to this hadith to show that Imam al-Kazim (a) endorsed the uprising. Though he did not accept al-Husayn's suggestion, his compassion for him and his companions shows that he did not accept the suggestion just apparently; since he was aware of the fate of the uprising, he rejected al-Husayn's suggestion in the public in order to hide his relations with al-Husayn's uprising so as to prevent subsequent reactions of the Abbasids. | [['Abd Allah al-Mamaqani]] appealed to this hadith to show that Imam al-Kazim (a) endorsed the uprising. Though he did not accept al-Husayn's suggestion, his compassion for him and his companions shows that he did not accept the suggestion just apparently; since he was aware of the fate of the uprising, he rejected al-Husayn's suggestion in the public in order to hide his relations with al-Husayn's uprising so as to prevent subsequent reactions of the Abbasids.<ref>Mamaqānī, ''Tanqīḥ al-maqāl fī ʿilm al-rijāl'', vol. 22, p. 285.</ref> | ||
And [['Allama al-Majlisi]] considered Imam al-Kazim (a)'s words, "be serious in your affair", to be evidence of his endorsement of the uprising, and his praying that they be rewarded by God as evidence of their high place before God. | And [['Allama al-Majlisi]] considered Imam al-Kazim (a)'s words, "be serious in your affair", to be evidence of his endorsement of the uprising, and his praying that they be rewarded by God as evidence of their high place before God. | ||
According to some sources, al-Husayn consulted Imam al-Kazim (a) before his uprising. al-Husayn is quoted as saying that "we did not rise before we consulted our household and [[Musa b. Ja'far]] and he asked us to rise". | According to some sources, al-Husayn consulted Imam al-Kazim (a) before his uprising. al-Husayn is quoted as saying that "we did not rise before we consulted our household and [[Musa b. Ja'far]] and he asked us to rise".<ref>Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 383.</ref> | ||
===The second view: the rejection of the uprising=== | ===The second view: the rejection of the uprising=== | ||
Some people claimed that since Imam al-Kazim (a) believed that the uprising was doomed to failure and he wanted to keep [[Shiism]] alive, since it was the heritage of his fathers, he found it irrational to attend the uprising or endorse it, and the mere fact that he prayed for al-Husayn and his companions is no evidence for his endorsement of their uprising. | Some people claimed that since Imam al-Kazim (a) believed that the uprising was doomed to failure and he wanted to keep [[Shiism]] alive, since it was the heritage of his fathers, he found it irrational to attend the uprising or endorse it, and the mere fact that he prayed for al-Husayn and his companions is no evidence for his endorsement of their uprising.<ref>Sharīfī, ''Aʾimma wa qiyamha-yi Shīʾī'', p. 79-80.</ref> | ||
[[Rasul Ja'fariyan]] maintains that though the Fakhkh uprising was one of the least problematic uprisings of the 'Alids against the [[Abbasids]], we are not sure that it was ordered by [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]]. Though there were good intentions behind these uprisings, for different political reasons they were fruitless. [[Imamiyya]] Shiites disagreed with the 'Alids over these uprisings. | [[Rasul Ja'fariyan]] maintains that though the Fakhkh uprising was one of the least problematic uprisings of the 'Alids against the [[Abbasids]], we are not sure that it was ordered by [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]]. Though there were good intentions behind these uprisings, for different political reasons they were fruitless. [[Imamiyya]] Shiites disagreed with the 'Alids over these uprisings.<ref>Jaʿfarīyān, ''Ḥayāt-i fikrī wa sīyāsī-yi Imāmān-i Shīʿa'', p. 389.</ref> | ||
==Notes== | |||
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== References == | == References == | ||