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Uprising of Fakhkh: Difference between revisions
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==Backgrounds of the Uprising== | ==Backgrounds of the Uprising== | ||
When [[al-Hadi al-'Abbasi]] took over the [[caliphate]], he increased the pressure on the [['Aldis]]. He was insistent that the 'Alids should be chased and found; he frightened them, and cut wages that his father, [[al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi]], used to give them. He wrote to his rulers in every place that the 'Alids should be chased, arrested, and extradited to the central government. He also dismissed the ruler of [[Medina]] who treated the 'Alids in a rather good manner, and appointed a person from the progeny of [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz b. 'Abd Allah, who was known to be hostile to [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]], as the ruler of Medina. | When [[al-Hadi al-'Abbasi]] took over the [[caliphate]], he increased the pressure on the [['Aldis]]. He was insistent that the 'Alids should be chased and found; he frightened them, and cut wages that his father, [[al-Mahdi al-'Abbasi]], used to give them. He wrote to his rulers in every place that the 'Alids should be chased, arrested, and extradited to the central government.<ref>Yaʿqūbī, ''Tārīkh al-Yaʿqūbī'', vol. 2, p. 404.</ref> He also dismissed the ruler of [[Medina]] who treated the 'Alids in a rather good manner, and appointed a person from the progeny of [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], 'Umar b. 'Abd al-'Aziz b. 'Abd Allah, who was known to be hostile to [[Ahl al-Bayt (a)]],<ref>Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 372.</ref> as the ruler of Medina.<ref>Ibn al-Athīr, ''al-Kāmil fī l-tārīkh'', vol. 6, p. 90.</ref> | ||
===Daily Summons of the 'Alids=== | ===Daily Summons of the 'Alids=== | ||
The new ruler of Medina ordered his men to bring the 'Alids to his Dar al-Imara (the emirate building) on a daily basis, and pejoratively recall them (to check if all of them are present). Each 'Alid had to accept the | The new ruler of Medina ordered his men to bring the 'Alids to his Dar al-Imara (the emirate building) on a daily basis, and pejoratively recall them (to check if all of them are present).<ref>Raḍawī Ardakānī, ''Māhiyyat-i qīyām-i shahīd-i Fakkh'', p. 116.</ref> Each 'Alid had to accept the bailsmen for the presence of one or more of his relatives (that is, they were responsible to find them in case they were absent).<ref>Raḍawī Ardakānī, ''Māhiyyat-i qīyām-i shahīd-i Fakkh'', p. 116.</ref> | ||
===The discriminatory whipping of one 'Alid=== | ===The discriminatory whipping of one 'Alid=== | ||
Three people, including one 'Alid and a person from the progeny of [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], were arrested with the charge of having drunk wine. Though the charge was not proved, the ruler ordered that the 'Alid be whipped 80 times, and the person who was affiliated to the household of 'Umar b. al-Khattab be whipped only seven times. He then ordered that they be taken around the city with naked bodies. This was followed by a serious objection from al-Husayn b. 'Ali (the [[Martyr of Fakhkh]]). | Three people, including one 'Alid and a person from the progeny of [['Umar b. al-Khattab]], were arrested with the charge of having drunk wine. Though the charge was not proved, the ruler ordered that the 'Alid be whipped 80 times, and the person who was affiliated to the household of 'Umar b. al-Khattab be whipped only seven times. He then ordered that they be taken around the city with naked bodies.<ref>Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 373.</ref> This was followed by a serious objection from al-Husayn b. 'Ali (the [[Martyr of Fakhkh]]). | ||
===Absence of an 'Alid=== | ===Absence of an 'Alid=== | ||
An 'Alid, called "al-Hasan b. Muhammad" (the son of [[al-Nafs al-Zakiyya]]), did not show up for the daily summons. The ruler reprimanded al-Husayn b. 'Ali and Yahya b. 'Abd Allah who were al-Hasan's bailsmen (or guarantors) and asked them to present him soon. After threatening remarks, the ruler took an oath that he will ruin the houses of the 'Alids and whip al-Husayn b. 'Ali one thousand times if he does not bring al-Hasan until the night. | An 'Alid, called "al-Hasan b. Muhammad" (the son of [[al-Nafs al-Zakiyya]]), did not show up for the daily summons. The ruler reprimanded al-Husayn b. 'Ali and Yahya b. 'Abd Allah who were al-Hasan's bailsmen (or guarantors) and asked them to present him soon.<ref>Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 373-374.</ref> After threatening remarks, the ruler took an oath that he will ruin the houses of the 'Alids and whip al-Husayn b. 'Ali one thousand times if he does not bring al-Hasan until the night.<ref>Abū l-Faraj al-Iṣfahānī, ''Maqātil al-ṭālibīyyīn'', p. 373-374.</ref> | ||
==Early Occurrence of the Uprising== | ==Early Occurrence of the Uprising== | ||