Iraq: Difference between revisions

Banu al-Mazid (350/ 961-62  – 454/1062-63): They were initially part of the [[Banu Asad]] tribe who started living in the regions near [[Kufa]]. Ali b. Mazid, known as Sana' al-Dawla, was permitted by Ahmad Mu'iz al-Dawla's government to found the city [[Hillah]] in Iraq, which became their capital later. They actually acquired titles from Buyid government and they established an independent state. Banu al-Mazidi established the [[Seminary School of Hillah|seminary school in Hillah]] for the first time in the fifth/eleventh century.

Holy shrine of [[Imam al-Husayn (a)]] is situated in [[Karbala]]. [[Travelers' prayer]] there is treated the same as [[Masjid al-Haram]] and [[Masjid al-Nabawi]]; in which travelers' prayer are allowed to be performed in four units, without any change regarding traveler's prayer.

Abbas b. Ali is buried in Karbala near the shrine of Imam al-Husayn (a). The distance between the shrines of Imam al-Husayn (a) and Abbas ibn Ali is called Beyn al-Haramayn (between the two shrines).

Shi'a seminary in Baghdad was established in the time of [[Imam al-Kazim (a)]]. After the emergence of religious scholars such as [[Ibn al-Junayd]], [[al-Shaykh al-Mufid]], [[al-Sayyid al-Murtada]] and [[al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] in the time of [[Buyid dynasty]], Shi'a seminary in Baghdad became the superior seminary among Shi'a Muslims. However after the entrance of Tughril, a Seljuk leader, in Baghdad in 477 A.H, the Shi'a seminary in Baghdad declined as a result most of religious scholars migrated to [[Najaf]].

The presence of [[Al-Shaykh al-Tusi]] in Shi'a seminary of Najaf made it a scientific and intellectual center in Shi'ism. Then in the sixth century A.H after the emergence of [[Muhammad b. Idris al-Hilli]], Shi'a seminary of Najaf declined and the superiority transferred to Shi'a seminary of Hillah. However [[Muhaqqiq Ardabili]] made the Shi'a seminary of Najaf prominent again. Since the fourth decade of the eleventh century, Shi'a seminary of Najaf involved in [[Akhbarism]], just like other Shi'a seminaries. The emergence of [[Al-Sayyid Muhammad Mahdi Bahr al-'Ulum|'Allama Bahr al-'Ulum]] and the students of [[Wahid al-Bihbahani]] in the thirteenth century in Shi'a seminary of Najaf, made again the most influential and major Shi'a seminary among Shi'a Muslims.

Shi'a seminary of Hillah was founded by [[Banu Mazid]] in the fifth century A.H, which became the superior seminary among Shi'a Muslims from the middle of the sixth century to the end of the eighth century. Numerous grand scholars have taught and studied there such as [[Ibn Idris al-Hilli]], Mughaqqiq al-Hilli, [['Allama al-Hilli]] and [[Ibn Tawus]].