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Mubah: Difference between revisions
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'''Mubah''' (Arabic:المباح) is a [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] term denoting an action that has no specific ruling, so doing or omitting it is equal and it has no Thawab nor | '''Mubah''' (Arabic:المباح) is a [[Fiqh|jurisprudential]] term denoting an action that has no specific ruling, so doing or omitting it is equal and it has no [[Thawab]] nor [['Iqab]] (Reward nor Punishment). Therefore, any action that is not [[Wajib]] (compulsory), [[Haram]] (prohibited), [[Mustahab]] (recommended) or [[Makruh]] (disliked) is Mubah (permissible). | ||
In | In [[Hadith]]s and sources, Mubah also is used in a more general meaning of "Ja'iz" (unprohibited) and "Halal” (allowed). In its narrowest sense "Ibaha" is used in Fiqh (jurisprudence) as a permission of possessing or utilizing something. | ||
Mubah is the most common ruling among the Five Rulings (al-Ahkam al-Khamsa) as most of human deeds are Mubah. Majority of | Mubah is the most common ruling among the Five Rulings ([[al-Ahkam al-Khamsa]]) as most of human deeds are Mubah. Majority of [[Shi'a]] [[Faqih]]s (jurists) believe in Asalat al-Ibaha (primacy of permission) which means everything is Mubah unless proven otherwise. | ||
==Meaning of Ibaha== | ==Meaning of Ibaha== | ||
Ibaha means to allow and Mubah means an action that is permissible to be done. | Ibaha means to allow and Mubah means an action that is permissible to be done. | ||
Technically, Mubah in Fiqh is one of the Five Rulings and denotes an action that doing or omitting it is equal and no reward nor punishment, praise nor dispraise is mentioned for it in sources. In other words, Mubah is an action that is not Wajib, Haram, Mustahab nor Makruh, therefore, Mukallaf is completely free to do or leave the action, such as eating, sleeping - which do not have any ruling in normal conditions and one can whether do or leave these actions. | Technically, Mubah in Fiqh is one of the Five Rulings and denotes an action that doing or omitting it is equal and no reward nor punishment, praise nor dispraise is mentioned for it in sources. In other words, Mubah is an action that is not Wajib, Haram, Mustahab nor Makruh, therefore, Mukallaf is completely free to do or leave the action, such as eating, sleeping - which do not have any ruling in normal conditions and one can whether do or leave these actions. | ||
According to above-mentioned definition of Ibaha, there is no Mubah in | According to above-mentioned definition of Ibaha, there is no Mubah in 'Ibadat (acts of worship) as all these actions have the other four ruling - Wajib, Mustahab, Haram and Makruh. | ||
==Difference Between Mubah and Halal== | ==Difference Between Mubah and Halal== | ||
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===Opinion of Majority of Shi’a Faqihs=== | ===Opinion of Majority of Shi’a Faqihs=== | ||
Majority of Shi’a Faqihs believe that both Shar’ and | Majority of Shi’a Faqihs believe that both Shar’ and 'Aql (religion and reason) prove Asalat al-Ibaha (primacy of permission). They mention some Hadiths and following verses from the Qur’an proving their opinion: | ||
- Surat al-Baqara, verse 29th | - Surat al-Baqara, verse 29th | ||
- Surat al-Baqara, verse 168th | - Surat al-Baqara, verse 168th | ||