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Haram (fiqh): Difference between revisions
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:::''{{about|'''the jurisprudential term referring to forbidden actions'''|other usages of '''Haram'''|Haram (disambiguation)}}'' | |||
{{under construction}} | {{under construction}} | ||
In Islamic jurisprudence, | {{Furu' al-Din-Vertical}} | ||
In Islamic jurisprudence, '''Ḥarām''' is an action that is prohibited and people were asked to avoid it and committing it will cause 'Iqab (punishment). '''Ḥurma''' (prohibition) is one the Five Rulings (al-Ahkam al-Khamasa) and means prohibition of the Haram act. | |||
==Meaning== | ==Meaning== | ||
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These types are mentioned for Haram in Fiqhi sources: | These types are mentioned for Haram in Fiqhi sources: | ||
- Haram al-Dhati: (prohibited independently) is an act that is directly prohibited by a religious source (Shar’i proof) such as prohibition of drinking wine. | - Haram al-Dhati: (prohibited independently) is an act that is directly prohibited by a religious source (Shar’i proof) such as prohibition of drinking wine. | ||
- Haram al- | - Haram al-'Aradi: (prohibited by another thing) is an action that is not prohibited by itself rather it was prohibited by vowing or swearing an oath, such as vowing to leave a Makruh act. | ||
- Haram al-Shar’i: (prohibited by religion) is an act prohibited by religious source, such as prohibition of lying. | - Haram al-Shar’i: (prohibited by religion) is an act prohibited by religious source, such as prohibition of lying. | ||
- Haram al- | - Haram al-'Aqli: (prohibited by reason) is an act prohibited only by pure reason, for instance eating something that cause severe harm to body (However, according to the rule: “whatever ordered by reason is ordered by religion” it is religiously Haram, as well.) | ||
- Haram al-Nafasi: (prohibited by itself) is an act that is prohibited for itself, such as harming other people | - Haram al-Nafasi: (prohibited by itself) is an act that is prohibited for itself, such as harming other people | ||
- Haram al-Ghayri (prohibited for another thing) is an act prohibited because it is a preparation for a Haram act, for instance cultivation of grapes by the intention of making wine. | - Haram al-Ghayri (prohibited for another thing) is an act prohibited because it is a preparation for a Haram act, for instance cultivation of grapes by the intention of making wine. | ||
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===Haram Transactions=== | ===Haram Transactions=== | ||
Haram transactions have four categories: | Haram transactions have four categories: | ||
1- Transaction of | 1- Transaction of 'Ayn al-Najis (Najis by itself), such as dog, pig, dead corpse, wine and other intoxicant liquids. | ||
It is noteworthy that the ruling is only applied when these things are not bought and sold for Halal and rational purposes, for instance selling blood for using in hospitals or buying dead corpse for dissection. | It is noteworthy that the ruling is only applied when these things are not bought and sold for Halal and rational purposes, for instance selling blood for using in hospitals or buying dead corpse for dissection. | ||
2- Buying and selling thing that are Haram due to the intention of the parties of transaction or the things that are not used except in Haram, such as gambling tools and items, instrument of Lahwi (diversionary) music, gold and silver dishes, the Cross and idols. Moreover, buying and selling Halal things for Haram purposes is Haram, for instance selling grapes to someone that would use it for making wine. | 2- Buying and selling thing that are Haram due to the intention of the parties of transaction or the things that are not used except in Haram, such as gambling tools and items, instrument of Lahwi (diversionary) music, gold and silver dishes, the Cross and idols. Moreover, buying and selling Halal things for Haram purposes is Haram, for instance selling grapes to someone that would use it for making wine. | ||